יורה דעה מ״חYoreh De'ah 48

Siman 48 of 402 in Yoreh De'ah — 12 se'ifim

הלכות טריפותUnslaughterable Animals· siman 48

Se’if 1א׳

קֵבָה (קֵבָה הוּא כִּיס שֶׁבִּמְעִי הַבְּהֵמָה, שֶׁהַמַּאֲכָל נִכְנָס לַכֶּרֶס וּבְסוֹף הַכֶּרֶס שֶׁקוֹרִין פַּאנְץ עָשׂוּי כְּכוֹבַע וְקָרוּי בֵּית הַכּוֹסוֹת, וְהַמַּאֲכָל נִכְנָס מִבֵּית הַכּוֹסוֹת לְהֶמְּסֶס וּמֵהֶמְּסֶס לַקֵבָה וּמֵהַקֵבָה לַדַּקִין) שֶׁנִּקְּבָה, טְרֵפָה. וְאִם הַחֵלֶב שֶׁעַל הַיֶּתֶר סוֹתֵם הַנֶּקֶב, כְּשֵׁרָה; אֲבָל שֶׁעַל הַקֶּשֶׁת אֵינוֹ סוֹתֵם.

The maw (the maw is a pouch in the animal's innards; for the food enters into the paunch, and at the end of the paunch, which they call panz, there is a part made like a cap and called the beit hakosot, the reticulum, and the food enters from the reticulum into the omasum, and from the omasum into the maw, and from the maw into the small intestines) — if it was perforated, it is a tereifah (an animal with a fatal defect). And if the fat that is upon the bowstring seals the hole, it is fit; but that which is upon the bow does not seal.

Se’if 2ב׳

כֶּרֶס שֶׁנִּקַּב, טְרֵפָה, וְאֵין לוֹ דָּבָר שֶׁיִּסְתֹּם אוֹתוֹ שֶׁהֲרֵי הַחֵלֶב שֶׁעָלָיו אָסוּר. הַגָּה: תּוֹלָעִים שֶׁנִּמְצְאוּ בַּכֶּרֶס, כָּשֵׁר, דְּמִן הַפֶּרֶשׁ הֵן גְּדֵלִים אוֹ הַבְּהֵמָה אָכְלָה אוֹתָן (הגה"ת ש"ד סִימָן מ"ז).

A paunch that was perforated is a tereifah, and it has nothing that will seal it, for the fat that is upon it is forbidden. Hagah [Rema]: Worms that were found in the paunch — it is fit, for they grow from the dung, or the animal ate them (Hagahat Shaarei Dura, siman 47).

Se’if 3ג׳

בָּשָׂר הַחוֹפֶה אֶת רֹב הַכֶּרֶס, וְהוּא הַמָּקוֹם מִן הַבֶּטֶן שֶׁאִם יִקָּרַע יֵצֵא הַכֶּרֶס, אִם נִקְרַע בָּשָׂר זֶה, טְרֵפָה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא הִגִּיעַ קֶרַע זֶה לַכֶּרֶס עַד שֶׁנִּרְאֵית, אֶלָּא כֵּיוָן שֶׁנִּקְרַע רֹב עֳבִי הַבָּשָׂר הַזֶּה אוֹ נִטַּל, טְרֵפָה. וְכַמָּה שִׁעוּר הַקֶּרַע הַזֶּה, בְּאָרְכּוֹ אֹרֶךְ טֶפַח. וְאִם הָיְתָה בְּהֵמָה קְטַנָּה וְנִקְרַע רֹב אֹרֶךְ הַבָּשָׂר הַחוֹפֶה אֶת הַכֶּרֶס, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין בְּאֹרֶךְ הַקֶּרַע טֶפַח, טְרֵפָה, הוֹאִיל וְנִקְרַע רֻבָּהּ.

The flesh that covers the greater part of the paunch — and that is the place in the belly which, if it were torn, the paunch would come out — if this flesh was torn, it is a tereifah, even though this tear did not reach the paunch so that it is exposed; rather, once the greater part of the thickness of this flesh was torn, or was removed, it is a tereifah. And what is the measure of this tear? In its length, the length of a handbreadth. And if it was a small animal, and the greater part of the length of the flesh that covers the paunch was torn, then even though the tear is not a handbreadth in length, it is a tereifah, since the greater part of it was torn.

Se’if 4ד׳

אִם נִקְדַּר הַבָּשָׂר הַזֶּה בְּעִגּוּל אוֹ בְּאֹרֶךְ, אִם הָיָה יֶתֶר מִכְּסֶלַע, וְהוּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּכָּנֵס בּוֹ ג' גַּרְעִינֵי תְּמָרָה זוֹ בְּצַד זוֹ בְּדֹחַק, אִם יֵשׁ בָּהּ אֹכֶל הַנִּשְׁאָר סְבִיבוֹתֶיהָ כְּשֶׁאוֹכְלִין אוֹתָהּ, אוֹ בְּרֶוַח כְּשֶׁאֵין בָּהֶם שׁוּם אֹכֶל כְּלָל, הֲרֵי זֶה טְרֵפָה, שֶׁאִם יִמָּתַח קֶרַע זֶה יַעֲמֹד עַל טֶפַח.

If this flesh was gouged out in a circle or lengthwise: if it was more than a sela — and that is the measure whereby three date pits may enter into it side by side, tightly, if the flesh of the fruit remains about them as when one eats it, or loosely, when there is no flesh upon them at all — this is a tereifah, for if this tear were stretched out it would stand at a handbreadth.

Se’if 5ה׳

אִם נִתְמַסְמֵס בָּשָׂר זֶה עַד שֶׁהָרוֹפֵא גּוֹרְרוֹ, חָשׁוּב כְּנִטַּל. הַגָּה: וְאֵין אָנוּ בְּקִיאִין בְּבָשָׂר שֶׁהָרוֹפֵא גּוֹרְרוֹ וְלָכֵן כָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁנִּשְׁתַּנֶּה מַרְאִית הַבָּשָׂר דִּינוֹ כְּנִטַּל. (מָרְדְּכַי וּבֵית יוֹסֵף בְּשֵׁם הַגָּהוֹת מַיְמוֹנִי).

If this flesh has turned to mush, so that the physician scrapes it away, it is accounted as removed. Hagah [Rema]: And we are not experts in flesh that the physician scrapes away; therefore every place where the appearance of the flesh has changed, its law is as removed. (Mordechai, and Beit Yosef in the name of Hagahot Maimoni.)

…and 7 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh De'ah — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English rendered from the Hebrew for this app — The Gematria's own rendering program. A rendering of the words, not a ruling; practical halacha is learned with a rav