The Shulchan Aruch · Orach Chayim
אורח חיים של״הOrach Chayim 335
Siman 335 of 697 in Orach Chayim — 5 se'ifim
הלכות שבתLaws of Shabbat· siman 335
Se’if 1א׳
חָבִית שֶׁנִּשְׁבְּרָה, מַצִּילִין מִמֶּנָּה מְזוֹן שָׁלֹשׁ סְעֻדּוֹת אֲפִלּוּ בְּכֵלִים הַרְבֵּה, דְּאִלּוּ בִּכְלִי אֶחָד אֲפִלּוּ מַחֲזִיק מֵאָה סְעֻדּוֹת מַצִּיל. וְאוֹמֵר לַאֲחֵרִים: בּוֹאוּ וְהַצִּילוּ לָכֶם; וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יִסְפֹּג, דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁלֹּא יָשִׂים הַסְפוֹג בִּמְקוֹם הַיַּיִן לַחֲזֹר וּלְהַטִּיפוֹ, גְּזֵרָה שֶׁמָּא יִסְחֹט. וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם יֵשׁ לוֹ בֵּית אֲחִיזָה, דְּלֵיכָּא חֲשַׁשׁ סְחִיטָה, אָסוּר, שֶׁלֹּא יַעֲשֶׂה כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁהוּא עוֹשֶׂה בַּחֹל; וְלֹא יְטַפַּח בַּשֶּׁמֶן לְהַכְנִיס יָדוֹ וּלְקַנְּחָהּ בִּשְׂפַת הַכְּלִי. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דַּוְקָא חָבִית שֶׁנִּשְׁבְּרָה, שֶׁבָּהוּל וְאִם יַצִּיל חַיְישִׁינָן שֶׁיְּתַקְּנֶנּוּ, אֲבָל אִם נִסְדַּק וְעָבִיד טִיף טִיף, שֶׁאֵינוֹ בָּהוּל כָּל כָּךְ, מֻתָּר לְהַצִּיל בְּכֵלִים לִקְלֹט וּלְצָרֵף (הַגָּהוֹת מָרְדְּכַי וְתוס' פ' כ"כ וְהַגָּהוֹת מַיְמוֹנִי פכ"ב). וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דְּכָל זֶה לֹא מַיְרֵי אֶלָּא לְהַצִּיל מֵחָצֵר לְחָצֵר, אֲבָל לְבַיִת אַחֵר שֶׁעֵרֵב עִמּוֹ מַצִּילִין בְּכָל עִנְיָן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנִּתְבָּאֵר לְעֵיל גַּבֵּי דְּלֵקָה (פִּסְקֵי מהרא"י קצ"ו).
The Laws of a Barrel that Broke, 5 Seifim: If a barrel breaks, one may save three meals from it, even using multiple containers. If he uses one container, he can even save one hundred meals. He may also tell others, "Come and save for yourselves." He cannot sponge it, meaning putting a sponge near the wine to drip it out, this being a rabbinic enactment lest he come to squeeze it, [a prohibited labor]. This is true even if the sponge has a handle to avoid the problem of squeezing, because he should not do this the way he would do it on a weekday. One may not dab up oil, dipping his fingers in it and rubbing it off on the sides of a container [so that the oil runs down the sides and is thereby collected]. Rema: There are some who restrict this to a broken barrel, because in that case, he is panicked, and if he is allowed to save its contents we fear that he will fix it. However, if it is cracked and slowly dripping, he is less panicked, and is allowed to save the contents in containers, collecting and combining (Hagahot Mordechai and Tosafot Perek Kol Kitvei and Hagahot Maimoni Chapter 22). There are some who say that this all refers to saving food from one yard to another, but to another house that is enclosed with his house, he may save everything, as has been explained above regarding fires (Piskei Mahara"i Chatper 196).
Se’if 2ב׳
אִם נִשְׁבְּרָה בְּרֹאשׁ גַּגּוֹ, מֵבִיא כְּלִי וּמַנִּיחַ תַּחְתֶּיהָ, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יָבִיא כְּלִי אַחֵר וְיִקְלֹט לְקַבֵּל מִן הַקִּלּוּחַ בַּאֲוִיר לְאַחַר שֶׁיָּרַד מִן הַגַּג, וְלֹא יָבִיא כְּלִי אַחֵר וִיצָרֵף אוֹתוֹ לְרֹאשׁ הַגַּג; וְאִם מַצִּיל בִּכְלִי אֶחָד, מַצִּיל אֲפִלּוּ קוֹלֵט אוֹ מְצָרֵף.
If a barrel on the roof broke, he can bring a container and put it underneath, as long has he doesn't bring an additional container to collect the liquid in the air that fell off the roof and another container to connect to the roof. If he's using one container, it is allowed even to collect in the air or to attach to the roof.
Se’if 3ג׳
נִזְדַּמְּנוּ לוֹ אוֹרְחִים מֵבִיא כְּלִי אַחֵר וְקוֹלֵט, כְּלִי אַחֵר וִיצָרֵף; וְלֹא יִקְלֹט וִיצָרֵף וְאַחַר כָּךְ יַזְמִין לוֹ הָאוֹרְחִים, וְלֹא יַעֲרִים לִזְמַן אוֹרְחִים שֶׁאֵין צְרִיכִים לֶאֱכֹל. הַגָּה: וּמִיהוּ אִם עָבַר וְעָשָׂה, שֶׁקָּלַט וְאַחַר כָּךְ זִמֵּן אוֹרְחִים, מֻתָּר (רַמְבַּ"ן וְהַמַּגִּיד פכ"א).
If he has guests, he can take an additional container to collect the liquid in the air and to attach to the roof, but he shouldn't do these things and then invite guests, nor should he treat this as a loophole, inviting guests who don't need to eat. Rema: However, if he sinned and did such, collecting and then inviting guests, it is permitted (Ramban and the Magid Chapter 22).
Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim — Torat Emet 363 edition, via Sefaria — public domain
English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0