אורח חיים רע״אOrach Chayim 271

Siman 271 of 697 in Orach Chayim — 17 se'ifim

Se’if 1א׳

כְּשֶׁיָּבֹא לְבֵיתוֹ יְמַהֵר לֶאֱכֹל מִיָּד.

1. When he arrives at his home, he should hurry to eat the meal immediately.

Se’if 2ב׳

נָשִׁים חַיָּבוֹת בְּקִדּוּשׁ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה שֶׁהַזְּמַן גְּרָמָא (פי' מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה הַתְּלוּיָה בִּזְמַן), מִשּׁוּם דְּאִתְקַשׁ זָכוֹר (שְׁמוֹת יט, ח) לְשָׁמוֹר (דְּבָרִים ה, יב) וְהָנֵי נְשֵׁי הוֹאִיל וְאִיתְנְהוּ בִּשְׁמִירָה אִיתְנְהוּ בִּזְכִירָה וּמוֹצִיאוֹת אֶת הָאֲנָשִׁים הוֹאִיל וְחַיָּבוֹת מִן הַתּוֹרָה כְּמוֹתָם.

2. Women are obligated in Kiddush, even though it is a positive commandment that time causes (meaning, a positive commandment dependent on time), because Remember is compared to Guard. And these women, since they are included in watching, they are include in remembering. And they can discharge men (from their obligation) since they are obligated biblically, like them.

Se’if 3ג׳

אִם אֵין יָדוֹ מַשֶּׂגֶת לִקְנוֹת יַיִן לְקִדּוּשׁ וּלְהָכִין צָרְכֵי סְעֻדָּה לִכְבוֹד הַלַּיְלָה וְלִכְבוֹד הַיּוֹם וּלְקִדּוּשׁ הַיּוֹם, מוּטָב שֶׁיִּקְנֶה יַיִן לְקִדּוּשׁ הַלַּיְלָה מִמַּה שֶּׁיָּכִין צָרְכֵי הַסְעֻדָּה אוֹ מִמַּה שֶּׁיִּקְנֶה יַיִן לְקִדּוּשׁ הַיּוֹם. וְהָא דְּתַנְיָא: כְּבוֹד יוֹם קֹדֶם לִכְבוֹד לַיְלָה, הַיְנוּ דַּוְקָא בִּשְׁאָר צָרְכֵי סְעֻדָּה אֲבָל אִם אֵין לוֹ אֶלָּא כּוֹס אֶחָד לְקִדּוּשׁ, כְּבוֹד לַיְלָה קֹדֶם לִכְבוֹד יוֹם.

3. If he has not the means (finances) at hand to purchase wine for Kiddush and to prepare the needs of the meal for both the meal at night, the meal on Shabbat day and Kiddush for Shabbat day, it is better to purchase wine for the night Kiddush rather than to purchase needs for meals or wine for Kiddush on Shabbat day. For as it is taught: "The honor of the day precedes the honor of the night, this is only with regards to other needs of the meal. However if he does not have more than one cup for Kiddush, then the honor of the night is prioritized over the honor of the day.

Se’if 4ד׳

אָסוּר לִטְעֹם כְּלוּם קֹדֶם שֶׁיְּקַדֵּשׁ, אֲפִלּוּ מַיִם. וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם הִתְחִיל מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, צָרִיךְ לְהַפְסִיק שֶׁפּוֹרֵס מַפָּה, וּמְקַדֵּשׁ. וְאִם הָיוּ שׁוֹתִים יַיִן תְּחִלָּה, אֵינוֹ אוֹמֵר אֶלָּא קִדּוּשׁ בִּלְבַד בְּלֹא בִּרְכַּת הַיַּיִן, וְאַחַר כָּךְ מְבָרֵךְ בִּרְכַּת הַמּוֹצִיא. וְאִם אֵין לוֹ יַיִן וּמְקַדֵּשׁ עַל הַפַּת, אֵינוֹ מְבָרֵךְ הַמּוֹצִיא. וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים שֶׁאַף כְּשֶׁמְּקַדֵּשׁ עַל הַיַּיִן אֵינוֹ מְבָרֵךְ הַמּוֹצִיא.

4. It is forbidden to taste anything before one makes Kiddush [at night], even water. And even if one began eating while it was still day, he needs to stop eating, spread out a tablecloth [to set up the meal] and make Kiddush. And if they were drinking wine first, they only need to say the Bracha of Kiddush and not a Bracha on the wine. Afterward they will make a Bracha on the bread. And if he does not have wine, he can make Kiddush on bread, he need not make a Bracha on bread [because he has already been part of a meal where bread was eaten]. There are those who say that even if he makes a Bracha on wine, he also need not make a Bracha on the bread.

Se’if 5ה׳

שְׁנַיִם שֶׁהָיוּ שׁוֹתִים וְאָמְרוּ: בּוֹאוּ וּנְקַדֵּשׁ קִדּוּשׁ הַיּוֹם, נֶאֱסַר עֲלֵיהֶם לִשְׁתּוֹת עַד שֶׁיְּקַדְּשׁוּ; וְאִם רָצוּ לַחֲזֹר וְלִשְׁתּוֹת קֹדֶם שֶׁיְּקַדְּשׁוּ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָם רַשָּׁאִים, צְרִיכִים לַחֲזֹר וּלְבָרֵךְ תְּחִלָּה בּוֹרֵא פְּרִי הַגֶּפֶן, וְאַחַר כָּךְ יִשְׁתּוּ. הַגָּה: אָדָם שֶׁשָּׁכַח לְקַדֵּשׁ עַד לְאַחַר שֶׁבֵּרַךְ בִּרְכַּת הַמּוֹצִיא וְנִזְכַּר קֹדֶם שֶׁאָכַל, יְקַדֵּשׁ עַל הַפַּת וְאַחַר כָּךְ יֹאכַל. אֲבָל בְּהַבְדָּלָה יֹאכַל תְּחִלָּה, דַּהֲרֵי אֵין מַבְדִּילִין עַל הַפַּת (הַגָּהוֹת אַלְפָסִי וּמָרְדְּכַי פב"מ).

5. Two people who were drinking and then said "Come, let us make Kiddush", they are forbidden from drinking more until they make Kiddush. If they want to return and drink before they make Kiddush, even if they are required, need to again make the Bracha on the wine and then they can drink. RAMA: A person who forgot to make Kiddush and realized only after he make the Bracha on the bread, and yet remembered before he ate; should make Kiddush on the bread and then eat it. But, if it was Havdalah, he should first eat the bread - for we do not make Havdalah on bread. (Hagahos Alfasi; Mordechai).

…and 12 more se'ifim in this siman.

Become a premium member

Or start free — a free account opens your first 5 gematria searches in full. Create free account

The daily learning is free on your account, every day.

Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim — Torat Emet 363 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0