אורח חיים רע״בOrach Chayim 272

Se’if 1א׳

אֵין מְקַדְּשִׁין עַל יַיִן שֶׁרֵיחוֹ רַע, אַף עַל גַּב דְּרֵיחֵיהּ וְטַעְמֵיהּ חַמְרָא, וְלֹא עַל יַיִן מְגֻלֶּה אֲפִלּוּ הָאִדָּנָא דְּלֹא קָפְדִינַן אַגִּלּוּי. הַגָּה: וְאֵין מְקַדְּשִׁין עַל הַיַּיִן דְּרֵיחֵהּ חַמְרָא וְטַעֲמֵהּ חֲלָא (טוּר).

The Wine Over Which Kiddush Is Recited, 10 Seifim: Wine with an unpleasant fragrance may not be used for Kiddush even though its smell and taste is like wine, nor on uncovered wine, in the present era, we are not careful about [eating or drinking food and beverages that] were left uncovered. Rema: We do not make kiddush over wine who's fragrance is like wine but who's taste is like vinegar. (Tur)

Se’if 2ב׳

יַיִן מִגִּתּוֹ מְקַדְּשִׁין עָלָיו; וְסוֹחֵט אָדָם אֶשְׁכּוֹל שֶׁל עֲנָבִים וְאוֹמֵר עָלָיו קִדּוּשׁ הַיּוֹם.

[Unfermented] wine [directly] from the wine press may be used for Kiddush. [Indeed,] a person may squeeze a cluster of grapes and recite Kiddush over [its juice].

Se’if 3ג׳

מְקַדְּשִׁין עַל יַיִן שֶׁבְּפִי הֶחָבִית, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ קִמְחִין. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ אוֹסְרִין לְקַדֵּשׁ עָלָיו אֶלָּא יְסַנְּנוֹ תְּחִלָּה לְהַעֲבִיר הַקִּמְחִין. (הַגָּהוֹת מָרְדְּכַי פֶּרֶק הַמּוֹכֵר פֵּרוֹת וּבֵית יוֹסֵף בְּשֵׁם א"ח וְתוס') וְעַל יַיִן שֶׁבְּשׁוּלֵי הֶחָבִית, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ שְׁמָרִים; וְעַל יַיִן שָׁחֹר; וְעַל יַיִן מָתוֹק; וְעַל יַיִן דְּרֵיחֵיהּ חַלָּא וְטַעְמֵיהּ חַמְרָא. וּמִכָּל מָקוֹם מִצְוָה לִבְרֹר יַיִן טוֹב לְקַדֵּשׁ עָלָיו.

Kiddush may be recited over wine from the top of the barrel even though there are white flecks in it. RAMA: And there are those who forbid this; rather we filter it initially to remove the flecks (Hagahos Mordechai; Beis Yosef in the name of Orach Chayim; Tosefos). Kiddush may be recited over wine from the bottom of the barrel even though it has dregs. [so, too,] over black wine, and over sweet wine. So too on wine whose smell is like vinegar but whose taste is like wine. Even though [such wines are acceptable,] the optimal manner of fulfilling the mitzvah is to choose superior wine over which to recite Kiddush.