אבן העזר ל׳Even HaEzer 30

Siman 30 of 178 in Even HaEzer — 11 se'ifim

הלכות קידושיןLaws of Kiddushin· siman 30

Se’if 1א׳

הַמְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת הָאִשָּׁה בְּכֶסֶף אוֹ בִּשְׁטָר, אֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּתֵּן הַקִּדּוּשִׁין לְתוֹךְ יָדָהּ, אֶלָּא כֵּיוָן שֶׁרָצְתָה לִזְרֹק לָהּ קִדּוּשֶׁיהָ, וּזְרָקָן, בֵּין לְתוֹךְ יָדָהּ בֵּין לְתוֹךְ חֵיקָהּ אוֹ לְתוֹךְ חֲצֵרָהּ אוֹ לְתוֹךְ שָׂדֶה שֶׁלָּהּ, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת:

One who betroths a woman with money or a contract doesn't need to give the betrothing-object into her hand, rather, since she wants him to throw her the betrothing-object and he throws it, whether into her hand or into her lap or into her courtyard or into her field, she is betrothed.

Se’if 2ב׳

הָיְתָה עוֹמֶדֶת בִּרְשׁוּת הַבַּעַל, צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּתֵּן לְתוֹךְ יָדָהּ אוֹ לְתוֹךְ חֵיקָהּ. הַגָּה: הִשְׁאִיל לָהּ הַבַּעַל מָקוֹם בַּחֲצֵרוֹ, דִּינוֹ כְּמוֹ לְעִנְיַן גֵּרוּשִׁין. וְעַיֵּן לְקַמָּן סִי' קל"ט סָעִיף י"א:

If she was standing on property owned by the husband, he has to put the kiddushin (money or writ) into her hand or her lap. Note: If the husband lent her an area in his courtyard, the law is the as with [handing over a writ of] divorce. Vide infra chapter 139 se'if 11).

Se’if 3ג׳

הָיְתָה עוֹמֶדֶת בִּרְשׁוּת שֶׁהִיא שֶׁל שְׁנֵיהֶם, וְזָרַק לָהּ קִדּוּשֶׁיהָ מִדַּעְתָּהּ וְלֹא הִגִּיעוּ לְיָדָהּ אוֹ לְחֵיקָהּ, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת קִדּוּשֵׁי סָפֵק. וַאֲפִלּוּ אָמְרָה לוֹ: הַנַּח קִדּוּשַׁי עַל מָקוֹם זֶה, וְאוֹתוֹ הַמָּקוֹם שֶׁל שְׁנֵיהֶם, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ קִדּוּשֵׁי סָפֵק:

If she was standing in property belonging to the two of them, and he tossed her the kiddushin [money or writ] with her knowledge, but it did not land in her hand or lap, she is married doubtfully. Even is she told him, "Set my kiddushin in this place," and that place belonged to both, this is a doubtful kiddushin (marriage).

Se’if 4ד׳

הָיְתָה עוֹמֶדֶת בְּסִמְטָא (פי', שְׁבִיל שֶׁל יָחִיד) אוֹ בְּצִדֵּי רְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, וּזְרָקָם לְתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹתֶיהָ, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְאִם נִשְׁאֲרוּ תּוֹךְ ד' אַמּוֹתָיו, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת, אֲפִלּוּ נִכְנְסָה הִיא לְתוֹךְ ד' אַמּוֹתָיו, כֵּיוָן שֶׁקָּדַם הוּא לְתוֹכָם זָכָה בָּהֶם וְהֵם שֶׁלּוֹ:

If she was standing in an alley (meaning a path belonging to an individual) or in the sides of public property, and he threw them [the kiddushin] into her surrounding 4 cubits, she is married. But if they remained in his surrounding 4 cubits, she is not married. Even if she entered into those 4 cubits, because he preceded her there and already [re]acquired the [kiddushin] items and they belong to him.

Se’if 5ה׳

הָיוּ עוֹמְדִים בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים אוֹ בִּרְשׁוּת שֶׁאֵינָהּ שֶׁל שְׁנֵיהֶם, וְזָרַק לָהּ קִדּוּשֶׁיהָ קָרוֹב לוֹ, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. קָרוֹב לָהּ, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה, אוֹ שֶׁהָיוּ סָפֵק קָרוֹב לוֹ סָפֵק קָרוֹב לָהּ, וְאָבְדוּ קֹדֶם שֶׁהִגִּיעוּ לְיָדָהּ, הֲרֵי זוֹ סָפֵק מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. כֵּיצַד הוּא קָרוֹב לוֹ וְקָרוֹב לָהּ, כָּל שֶׁהוּא יָכוֹל לִשְׁמֹר אוֹתָם וְהִיא אֵינָהּ יְכוֹלָה, זֶהוּ קָרוֹב לוֹ. הִיא יְכוֹלָה לִשְׁמֹר אוֹתָם וְהוּא אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל, זֶה הוּא קָרוֹב לָהּ. שְׁנֵיהֶם יְכוֹלִים לִשְׁמֹר אוֹתָם, אוֹ שְׁנֵיהֶם אֵינָם יְכוֹלִים לִשְׁמֹר, זֶהוּ מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה:

If they were standing in a public domain or in a domain that did not belong to either of them, and he tossed her the kiddushin, if it is closer to him, she is not betrothed. If it was closer to her, she is betrothed. If equidistant, or there was doubt as to whether it was closer to him or closer to her, and the kiddushin money was then lost before it arrived in her hands, she is doubtfully betrothed. How do we define closer to him or closer to her? Items which he can guard and she cannot guard are deemed as closer to him. If she can guard them and he cannot, it is closer to her. If both can guard the items or neither can guard them, this is defined as half and half.

…and 6 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Even HaEzer — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0