Choshen MishpatAll 1,704 simanim of the Shulchan Aruch open with Premium, from $2.60 a month.Become a premium member

The Shulchan Aruch · Choshen Mishpat

חושן משפט רצ״דChoshen Mishpat 294

Siman 294 of 427 in Choshen Mishpat — 6 se'ifim

הלכות פקדוןDeposit· siman 294

Choshen Mishpat is set from the Lemberg 1898 edition, which is unpointed, so the vowels switch has nothing to remove here.

Se’if 1א׳

הכופר בפקדון או שטוען נגנב. ובו ו סעיפים: תבעו הפקדון וכפר בו מיד נעשה עליו גזלן וחייב באונסים ופסול לעדות ולשבועה בד"א שיש עדים שבשעה שכפר בו היה ברשותו אבל אם אין עדים לא שמא נאבד ממנו ואמר אכפור בו ואדחנו עד שאמצאנו ואחזירנו לו:

One who denies a deposit, or who pleads that it was stolen; it contains six se'ifim. If he claimed the deposit from him and he denied it, he at once becomes a robber with regard to it, and is liable for mishaps, and is disqualified from testimony and from the oath. In what case are these words said? Where there are witnesses that at the time he denied it, it was in his domain. But if there are no witnesses, not so; for perhaps it was lost from him and he said, "I will deny it and put him off until I find it and return it to him".

Se’if 2ב׳

לא כפר בו אלא טען נגנב או נאבד אם אמר שאירע הדבר במקום שיש עדים מצויים יביא ראיה בעדים לדבריו ויפטר אפי' משבועה ואם לא יביא עדים לדבריו ישלם ואם הוא במקום שאין עדים מצויים ישבע שהוא כדבריו ומגלגלין עליו בשבועתו שלא פשע בשמירתו אלא ששמרו כדרך השומרים ושלא שלח בו יד קודם לכן שאם שלח בו יד קודם לכן ליהנות ממנו נתחייב אפי' נאנס: הגה וי"א דאפי' איכא עדים שנגנב או נאבד צריך לישבע שלא פשע ומגלגלין עליו שלא שלח בה יד אבל אי איכא עדים שלא פשע א"צ לישבע שלא שלח בה יד (טור בשם הירושלמי והרא"ש ורמב"ם בפ' ו' דשאלה):

If he did not deny it but pleaded that it was stolen or lost: if he said that the thing happened in a place where witnesses are common, he should bring proof by witnesses to his words and be quit even of an oath; and if he does not bring witnesses to his words, he pays. And if it was in a place where witnesses are not common, he swears that it is as he says, and by gilgul (the rolling of a further claim into an oath already owed) they add to his oath that he was not negligent in guarding it but guarded it in the way of bailees, and that he had not put forth his hand to it before this; for if he had put forth his hand to it before this, to benefit from it, he became liable even if it was lost by mishap. Hagah [Rema]: And some say that even where there are witnesses that it was stolen or lost, he must swear that he was not negligent, and by gilgul they add that he did not put forth his hand to it; but if there are witnesses that he was not negligent, he need not swear that he did not put forth his hand to it (Tur in the name of the Yerushalmi and the Rosh, and the Rambam in chapter 6 of the Laws of Borrowing and Deposit).

Se’if 3ג׳

זה שאמרנו שבמקום שיש עדים מצויים אם לא הביא עדים שיעידו כדבריו ישלם ה"מ במידי דשלטא ביה עינא כגון מעביר חבית בשוק וכיוצא בו אבל מילתא דעביד דמתרמי דלא שלטא ביה עינא כגון מאן דנקט חפצא בידיה דאפשר שאע"פ שרבים מצויים שם ליתרע אונסא ולא ירגישו בו בני אדם דינו כמקו' שאין עדים מצויים:

This that we said — that in a place where witnesses are common, if he did not bring witnesses to testify as he says, he pays — these words apply to a thing that the eye takes in, for example one who carries a barrel through the market and the like. But a matter that is apt to befall unnoticed by the eye — for example one who holds an object in his hand, where it is possible that, even though many are present there, a mishap might happen and people not notice it — its law is as a place where witnesses are not common.

…and 1 more se'if in this siman.

Become a premium member

Or start free — a free account opens your first 5 gematria searches in full. Create free account

The daily learning is free on your account, every day.

Shulchan Aruch, Choshen Mishpat — Lemberg 1898 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English rendered from the Hebrew for this app — The Gematria's own rendering program. A rendering of the words, not a ruling; practical halacha is learned with a rav