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The Shulchan Aruch · Choshen Mishpat

חושן משפט קמ״טChoshen Mishpat 149

Siman 149 of 427 in Choshen Mishpat — 31 se'ifim

הלכות ערבGuarantors· siman 149

Choshen Mishpat is set from the Lemberg 1898 edition, which is unpointed, so the vowels switch has nothing to remove here.

Se’if 1א׳

אלו שאין להם חזקה השותפין והאריסין והאפטרופסים הגזלנים והאחין וחרש שוטה וקטן. ובו לא סעיפים: ראובן שאכל שדה שמעון שני חזקה וטען שהיא לקוחה בידו והביא שמעון עדים שהיא ידועה לו וכן הביא עדים שראובן ידוע שהוא שותפו או אריסו או אפוטרופוס ומפני זה לא מיחה תחזור השדה לשמעון וישבע היסת שלא מכר ולא נתן אבל אם לא הביא שמעון ראיה שראובן היה שותף או אריס אלא ראובן הודה מעצמו (ואמר) הן הוא שותפו ומכר לי נאמן במגו שהיה יכול לומר שלא היה שותפו מעולם הגה שני שותפים בקרקע אחת ובא אחד והחזיק בקרקע שלהן אע"ג דלגבי האחד לא הוי חזקה כגון שהיה אריסו או אפוטרופוס שלו או שלא היה עמו במדינה מ"מ מועיל חזקתו נגד השותף השני לחלקו (טור בשם הרא"ש כלל צ"ט ס"ג וכ"כ הב"י בשם הרשב"א):

Those who have no presumptive possession: partners, sharecroppers, guardians, robbers, brothers, and a deaf-mute, one who is not of sound mind, and a minor; it contains thirty-one se'ifim. Reuven ate the produce of Shimon's field for the years of presumptive possession and pleaded that it was bought by him; and Shimon brought witnesses that it is known to be his, and likewise brought witnesses that Reuven is known to be his partner, or his sharecropper, or his guardian, and that for this reason he did not protest — the field returns to Shimon, and he swears the oath of hesset (the oath the Sages imposed on one who denies a claim outright) that he did not sell it and did not give it. But if Shimon brought no proof that Reuven was a partner or a sharecropper, but Reuven admitted of himself (and said): yes, he is his partner, and he sold it to me — he is believed by a migo (a plea he could have made in which he would have been believed), for he could have said that he was never his partner. Hagah [Rema]: Two partners in one piece of land, and one came and took possession of their land — even though as against one of them it is no presumptive possession, for example because he was his sharecropper or his guardian, or was not with him in the country, nevertheless his presumptive possession avails against the second partner for his portion (Tur in the name of the Rosh, klal 99, siman 3; and so Beit Yosef wrote in the name of the Rashba).

Se’if 2ב׳

שדה של שני שותפים שאין בה דין חלוקה אע"פ שאכל אחד מהם כולה כמה שנים הרי היא בחזקת שניהם ואם יש בה דין חלוקה ואכלה האחד כולה שני חזקה יש לו חזקה: הגה אבל אם החזיק בחציה ואומר זה הגיע לחלקי לא הוי חזקה (טור בשם הרא"ש והרמב"ם פי"ג דטוען ומרדכי פ' חזקת) וכן אפי' החזיק בכולה והשותף נותן חצי המס הוי מחא' ואינו חזקה (ב"י סי' קמ"ו בשם רשב"א):

A field of two partners that is not subject to the law of division — even though one of them ate all of it for several years, it is in the presumptive possession of both of them. But if it is subject to the law of division, and one ate all of it for the years of presumptive possession, he has presumptive possession. Hagah [Rema]: But if he took possession of half of it and says: this fell to my share, it is no presumptive possession (Tur in the name of the Rosh, and the Rambam, chapter 13 of the Laws of Claimant and Defendant, and Mordechai, chapter "The presumption of houses"). And likewise, even if he took possession of all of it, and the partner pays half the tax, it counts as a protest and is no presumptive possession (Beit Yosef, siman 146, in the name of the Rashba).

Se’if 3ג׳

הבן שהוא סומך על שלחן אביו ונחשב בכלל בני ביתו אם אכל בנכסי אביו שני חזקה וכן האב שאכל נכסי זה שהוא סומך עליו שני חזקה לא עלתה להם חזקה:

A son who is supported at his father's table and counted among the members of his household — if he ate of his father's property for the years of presumptive possession; and likewise a father who ate for the years of presumptive possession of the property of this son who is supported by him — it does not count as presumptive possession for them.

…and 26 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Choshen Mishpat — Lemberg 1898 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English rendered from the Hebrew for this app — The Gematria's own rendering program. A rendering of the words, not a ruling; practical halacha is learned with a rav