Choshen MishpatAll 1,704 simanim of the Shulchan Aruch open with Premium, from $2.60 a month.Become a premium member

The Shulchan Aruch · Choshen Mishpat

חושן משפט קל״הChoshen Mishpat 135

Siman 135 of 427 in Choshen Mishpat — 2 se'ifim

הלכות ערבGuarantors· siman 135

Choshen Mishpat is set from the Lemberg 1898 edition, which is unpointed, so the vowels switch has nothing to remove here.

Se’if 1א׳

דין המחזיק בבעלי חיים כגון בהמה ועבד. ובו ב סעיפים: אע"פ שהמחזיק בדבר המיטלטל נאמן לומר שהוא שלו על בהמה וחיה אינו נאמן דכיון שהיא מהלכת יש לחוש שמא מעצמ' נכנסה לרשותו (ע"ל סי' ע"ב ס"ס כ"א) או שמא לקחה בדרך והחזיק בה לפיכך אם יש למערער עדים שהיא שלו נשבע היסת ונוטל ואם אין לו עדים נשבע המחזיק היסת ועומד בשלו ובמקום שדרך למסור בהמה לרוע' שחרית ולוקחה מידו ערבית בענין שאינה הולכת לבדה כלל דינה כשאר מטלטלין ונאמן המחזיק בשבועת היסת לומר שקנויה לו ואם טען שהזיקה לו כדי דמיה או שהוא חייב לו כך וכך ישבע בנקיטת חפץ: הגה וי"א דאם החזיק בהם ג' שנים בכל ענין הוי חזקה (טור והמגיד פ"י מטוען בשם רשב"ם וכ"כ התו' בפ"ב דגיטין):

The law of one in possession of living creatures, such as an animal and a slave; it contains two se'ifim. Even though one in possession of a movable thing is believed to say that it is his, concerning a domestic or wild animal he is not believed; for since it walks, one must be concerned lest it entered his domain of its own accord (see above, siman 72, end of se'if 21), or lest he took it on the road and held on to it. Therefore, if the challenger has witnesses that it is his, he swears the oath of hesset (the oath the Sages imposed on one who denies a claim outright) and takes; and if he has no witnesses, the one in possession swears the oath of hesset and stands on what is his. And in a place where it is the way to hand an animal to the herdsman in the morning and take it from his hand in the evening, in such a manner that it does not go by itself at all, its law is as other movables, and the one in possession is believed with the oath of hesset to say that it was acquired by him. And if he pleaded that it did him damage to the amount of its value, or that the other owes him such-and-such, he swears holding a sacred object. Hagah [Rema]: And some say that if he held them for three years, in every case it is presumptive possession (Tur, and the Maggid, chapter 10 of the Laws of Claimant and Defendant, in the name of the Rashbam; and so wrote the Tosafot in the second chapter of Gittin).

Se’if 2ב׳

עבד כנעני גדול דינו כבהמה ואין לו חזקה עד אחר שלשה שנים מאחר שהוא מהלך (וצריך המחזיק להביא ראיה ששמש לו כל ג' שנים אלו כדרך עבד לרבו) (רמב"ם פ"י מטוען) ואם הוא קטן שאינו מהלך על רגליו דינו כשאר מטלטלין ויש לו חזקה מיד אפי' אם יש לו אם שרגילה לצאת ולבא בבית המחזיק:

An adult Canaanite slave — his law is as an animal, and there is no presumptive possession of him until after three years, since he walks (and the one in possession must bring proof that he served him all these three years as a slave serves his master) (the Rambam, chapter 10 of the Laws of Claimant and Defendant). And if he is a small child who does not walk on his feet, his law is as other movables, and there is presumptive possession of him at once, even if he has a mother who is accustomed to come and go in the house of the one in possession.

Become a premium member

Or start free — a free account opens your first 5 gematria searches in full. Create free account

The daily learning is free on your account, every day.

Shulchan Aruch, Choshen Mishpat — Lemberg 1898 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English rendered from the Hebrew for this app — The Gematria's own rendering program. A rendering of the words, not a ruling; practical halacha is learned with a rav