הלכות שגגות ו׳Offerings for Unintentional Transgressions 6

Halacha 1א׳

דִין שִׁגְגַת הַמַּאֲכָלוֹת כְּדִין שִׁגְגַת הַבְּעִילוֹת. לְפִיכָךְ אִם אָכַל אֲכִילוֹת הַרְבֵּה מִשֵּׁם אֶחָד בְּהֶעְלֵם אַחַת. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ בֵּינֵיהֶן יָמִים רַבִּים אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא חַטָּאת אַחַת. כֵּיצַד. אָכַל חֵלֶב הַיּוֹם וְאָכַל חֵלֶב לְמָחָר וְחֵלֶב לְמָחָר בְּהֶעְלֵם אַחַת. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהֵן בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה תַּמְחוּיִין אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא אַחַת. אֲבָל אִם אָכַל כְּזַיִת חֵלֶב וְנוֹדַע לוֹ וְחָזַר וְאָכַל כְּזַיִת חֵלֶב וְנוֹדַע לוֹ. חַיָּב עַל כָּל אֲכִילָה וַאֲכִילָה שֶׁהַיְדִיעוֹת מְחַלְּקוֹת הַשְּׁגָגוֹת. אָכַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת חֵלֶב וְחָזַר וְאָכַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת חֵלֶב בְּהֶעְלֵם אַחַת אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהֵן שֵׁנִי תַּמְחוּיִין וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהִפְסִיק בֵּינֵיהֶן הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ מִצְטָרְפִין וּמֵבִיא חַטָּאת. שֶׁאֵין הַתַּמְחוּיִין מְחַלְּקִין. וְהוּא שֶׁלֹּא יִשְׁהֶה בֵּינֵיהֶן יוֹתֵר מִכְּדֵי אֲכִילַת שָׁלֹשׁ בֵּיצִים כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ בְּהִלְכוֹת מַאֲכָלוֹת אֲסוּרוֹת. שֶׁכְּשֵׁם שֶׁמִּצְטָרֵף הַשִּׁעוּר לְמֵזִיד לְמַלְקוֹת כָּךְ מִצְטָרֵף הַשִּׁעוּר לְשׁוֹגֵג לְקָרְבָּן:

The law of unintentional acts in eating is like the law of unintentional acts in intercourse. Therefore, if he ate many times within one category in a single lapse of awareness, even though there are many days between them, he is liable to only one sin-offering. How so? He ate forbidden fat today, and forbidden fat the next day, and forbidden fat the day after, in a single lapse — even though they were in three dishes, he is liable to only one. But if he ate an olive's bulk of forbidden fat and it became known to him, and he went back and ate an olive's bulk of forbidden fat and it became known to him, he is liable for each and every eating, for instances of knowledge divide unintentional acts. If he ate half an olive's bulk of forbidden fat and went back and ate half an olive's bulk of forbidden fat in a single lapse — even though they were two dishes, and even though he interrupted between them — these join together and he brings a sin-offering, for the dishes do not divide; and that is provided he does not delay between them longer than the time it takes to eat three eggs' bulk, as we have explained in the Laws of Forbidden Foods. For just as the measure combines for a deliberate act with respect to flogging, so the measure combines for an unintentional act with respect to an offering.

Halacha 2ב׳

אָכַל נוֹתָר מֵחֲמִשָּׁה זְבָחִים כְּזַיִת מִכָּל זֶבַח בְּהֶעְלֵם אַחַת. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֲכָלָן בַּחֲמִשָּׁה תַּמְחוּיִין אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא חַטָּאת אַחַת שֶׁכֻּלָּן שֵׁם אֶחָד הֵן וְהַתַּמְחוּיִין אֵינָן מְחַלְּקִין. וְגוּפֵי הַזְּבָחִים אֵינָן מְחַלְּקִין. שֶׁאֶחָד הָאוֹכֵל בָּשָׂר מִזְּבָחִים רַבִּים אוֹ מִזֶּבַח אֶחָד. וְכֵן הַשּׁוֹחֵט חֲמִשָּׁה זְבָחִים בַּחוּץ בְּהֶעְלֵם אַחַת. אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא חַטָּאת אַחַת. הָא לְמָה זֶה דּוֹמֶה לְמִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה לְחָמֵשׁ צוּרוֹת בְּהֶעְלֵם אַחַת:

If he ate leftover sacrificial meat from five offerings, an olive's bulk from each offering, in a single lapse of awareness — even though he ate them in five dishes, he is liable to only one sin-offering, for they are all one category; and the dishes do not divide, nor do the bodies of the offerings divide, since it is all one whether he eats meat from many offerings or from one offering. So too one who slaughters five offerings outside the Temple in a single lapse of awareness is liable to only one sin-offering. To what may this be likened? To one who bows down to five figures in a single lapse of awareness.

Halacha 3ג׳

הִקִּיז דָּם לִבְהֶמְתּוֹ וְקִבְּלוֹ בִּשְׁנֵי כּוֹסוֹת וּשְׁתָאָן בְּהֶעְלֵם אַחַת אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶלָּא חַטָּאת אַחַת:

If he let blood from his animal and received it in two cups and drank them in a single lapse of awareness, he brings only one sin-offering.