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The Rambam · Sefer Taharah

הלכות טומאת מת י״זDefilement by a Corpse 17

Chapter 17 of 25 in Defilement by a Corpse — 6 halachot

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Halacha 1א׳

זִיז שֶׁהוּא יוֹצֵא מִפֶּתַח הַבַּיִת וּפנָיו לְמַטָּה. וְהָיָה גָּבְהוֹ מֵעַל הָאָרֶץ שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר טֶפַח אוֹ פָּחוֹת מִכָּאן הֲרֵי זֶה מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה בְּכָל שֶׁהוּא. וְדָבָר בָּרוּר הוּא שֶׁאֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶלָּא מִדִּבְרֵיהֶם. וְכֵן כָּל כַּיּוֹצֵא בַּהֲבָאַת הַטֻּמְאָה כָּזוֹ שֶׁאֵינָהּ בְּאֹהֶל טֶפַח הַבָּרִיא אֵינָהּ אֶלָּא מִדִּבְרֵיהֶם. הָיָה גָּבוֹהַּ יֶתֶר מִי"ב טֶפַח אוֹ שֶׁהָיוּ פָּנָיו לְמַעְלָה. וְכֵן הָעֲטָרוֹת וְהַפִּתּוּחִים הַיּוֹצְאוֹת מִן הַבִּנְיָן אֵין מְבִיאִין אֶלָּא בְּפוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח. וְכֵן זִיז שֶׁעַל גַּבֵּי הַפֶּתַח הַיּוֹצֵא מִן הַמַּשְׁקוֹף וַאֲפִלּוּ הָיָה קָנֶה בְּצַד הַמַּשְׁקוֹף בְּרֹחַב הַפֶּתַח אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הָיָה בּוֹ פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח:

A projecting ledge that comes out from the opening of a house with its face downwards, and its height above the ground was twelve handbreadths or less than this — this brings the impurity whatever its size. And it is a clear matter that it brings only by their words. And likewise every case of the bringing of impurity like this, which is not by a sound tent of a handbreadth, is only by their words. If it was higher than twelve handbreadths, or if its face was upwards; and likewise the cornices and the carvings that project from a building — these bring only when there is in them an opening of a handbreadth. And likewise a projecting ledge that is above the opening, coming out from the lintel — and even if it was a reed at the side of the lintel across the width of the opening — it does not bring unless there is in it an opening of a handbreadth.

Halacha 2ב׳

זִיז שֶׁהוּא סוֹבֵב אֶת כָּל הַבַּיִת וְאוֹכֵל בַּפֶּתַח טֶפַח מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. הָיָה אוֹכֵל בַּפֶּתַח פָּחוֹת מִטֶּפַח וְטֻמְאָה בַּבַּיִת כֵּלִים שֶׁתַּחְתָּיו טְמֵאִין. טֻמְאָה תַּחְתָּיו אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה לַבַּיִת. וְכֵן בְּחָצֵר שֶׁהִיא מֻקֶּפֶת אַכְסַדְרָה:

A projecting ledge that goes round the whole house and takes up a handbreadth over the opening brings the impurity. If it took up less than a handbreadth over the opening and there is impurity in the house, the vessels beneath it are impure; but if the impurity is beneath it, it does not bring the impurity into the house. And so too in a courtyard that is surrounded by a portico.

Halacha 3ג׳

חַלּוֹן הָעֲשׂוּיָה לְתַשְׁמִישׁ וְזִיז יוֹצֵא עַל גַּבֵּי הַחַלּוֹן אֲפִלּוּ הָיָה כְּרֹחַב אֲגוּדָל מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. וְהוּא שֶׁיִּהְיֶה גָּבוֹהַּ מֵעַל הַחַלּוֹן רוּם אֶצְבָּעַיִם אוֹ פָּחוֹת. הָיָה לְמַעְלָה מֵאֶצְבָּעַיִם אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן יֵשׁ בּוֹ רֹחַב טֶפַח. זִיז זֶה שֶׁעַל גַּבֵּי הַחַלּוֹן הָעֲשׂוּיָה לְמָאוֹר מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה בְּכָל שֶׁהוּא וַאֲפִלּוּ גָּבוֹהַּ כָּל שֶׁהוּא. בִּנְיָן הַיּוֹצֵא לִפְנֵי הַחַלּוֹן שֶׁהַמַּשְׁקִיף נִסְמָךְ עָלָיו בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁמַּשְׁקִיף אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. הָיָה בּוֹ זִיז רוֹאִין אֶת הַבִּנְיָן כְּאִלּוּ אֵינוֹ וְהַזִּיז הָעֶלְיוֹן מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. וְכֵיצַד מְבִיאִין כָּל הַזִּיזִין הָאֵלּוּ טֻמְאָה. שֶׁאִם הָיְתָה טֻמְאָה תַּחַת אֶחָד מֵהֶן אוֹ בַּבַּיִת הַכּל טָמֵא בֵּין בַּבַּיִת בֵּין תַּחַת הַזִּיז:

A window made for use, with a projecting ledge coming out above the window: even if it were the width of a thumb, it brings the impurity — and that is when it is two fingerbreadths in height above the window or less. If it was higher than two fingerbreadths, it does not bring the impurity unless there is in it the width of a handbreadth. This projecting ledge, when it is above a window made for light, brings the impurity whatever its size, and even though it is at whatever height. A structure that projects in front of the window, upon which one who looks out leans at the time that he looks out, does not bring the impurity. If there was a projecting ledge upon it, we regard the structure as though it were not there, and the upper projecting ledge brings the impurity. And how do all these projecting ledges bring impurity? That if there was impurity beneath one of them or in the house, all is impure, whether in the house or beneath the projecting ledge.

…and 1 more halacha in this chapter.

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Mishneh Torah, Torat Emet 363 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: rendered from the Hebrew for this app — our own, not a borrowed translation