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בראשית רבה ע״הBereshit Rabbah 75

Parashah 75 of 100 in Bereshit Rabbah — 13 sections

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Section 1א׳

וַיִּשְׁלַח יַעֲקֹב מַלְאָכִים לְפָנָיו (בראשית לא, ד), רַבִּי פִּינְחָס בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי רְאוּבֵן פָּתַח (תהלים יז, יג): קוּמָה ה' קַדְּמָה פָנָיו הַכְרִיעֵהוּ פַּלְּטָה נַפְשִׁי מֵרָשָׁע חַרְבֶּךָ, רַבִּי פִּינְחָס אָמַר חֲמִשָּׁה פְּעָמִים דָּוִד מֵקִים לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּסֵפֶר תְּהִלִּים (תהלים ג, ח): קוּמָה ה' הוֹשִׁיעֵנִי אֱלֹהַי, (תהלים ז, ז): קוּמָה ה' בְּאַפֶּךָ, (תהלים י, יב): קוּמָה ה' אֵל נְשָׂא יָדֶךָ אַל תִּשְׁכַּח, (תהלים ט, כ): קוּמָה ה' אַל יָעֹז אֱנוֹשׁ, (תהלים יז, יג): קוּמָה ה' קַדְּמָה פָנָיו. אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא דָּוִד בְּנִי אֲפִלּוּ אַתְּ מְקִימֵנִי כַּמָּה פְּעָמִים אֵינִי קָם, וְאֵימָתַי אֲנִי קָם לִכְשֶׁתִּרְאֶה עֲנִיִּים נִשְׁדָּדִים וְאֶבְיוֹנִים נֶאֱנָקִים, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (תהלים יב, ו): מִשֹּׁד עֲנִיִּים מֵאֶנְקַת אֶבְיוֹנִים, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בַּר יוֹנָה אָמַר (תהלים יב, ו): עַתָּה אָקוּם, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהִיא מוּכְפֶּשֶׁת בָּאֵפֶר כִּבְיָכוֹל אֶלָּא לִכְשֶׁיַּגִּיעַ אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם שֶׁכָּתוּב בּוֹ (ישעיה נב, ב): הִתְנַעֲרִי מֵעָפָר קוּמִי שְׁבִי יְרוּשָׁלָיִם, בְּאוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה (זכריה ב, יז): הַס כָּל בָּשָׂר מִפְּנֵי ה', לָמָּה (זכריה ב, יז): כִּי נֵעוֹר מִמְעוֹן קָדְשׁוֹ. אָמַר רַב אַחָא כַּהֲדָא תַּרְנְגוֹלְתָּא דִּמְנַעֲנָה גַרְמָהּ [נסח אחר: דמנערה אגפה] מִן קִטְמָא. קַדְמָה פָנָיו, קַדְמֵיהּ לְרַשִּׁיעָא עַד לָא יְקַדְמִינָךְ. הַכְרִיעֵהוּ, הַכְרִיחֵהוּ לְכַף חוֹבָה, שׁוֹבְרֵהוּ, הֵיךְ מָה דְאַתְּ אָמַר (תהלים כ, ט): הֵמָּה כָּרְעוּ וְנָפָלוּ וגו'. פַּלְטָה נַפְשִׁי מֵרָשָׁע חַרְבֶּךָ, פַּלְטָה נַפְשִׁי מֵאוֹתוֹ רָשָׁע שֶׁהוּא בָּא מִכֹּחָהּ שֶׁל אוֹתָהּ הַחֶרֶב, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (בראשית כז, מ): וְעַל חַרְבְּךָ תִחְיֶה, דָּבָר אַחֵר, פַּלְטָה נַפְשִׁי מֵאוֹתוֹ הָרָשָׁע שֶׁהוּא חַרְבֶּךָ, שֶׁבּוֹ אַתָּה רוֹדֶה אֶת עוֹלָמֶךָ. רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ דְּסִכְנִין בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי לֵוִי אָמַר פַּלְטָה נַפְשִׁי מֵאוֹתוֹ הָרָשָׁע שֶׁהוּא עָתִיד לִפֹּל בְּחַרְבֶּךָ, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (ישעיה לד, ה): כִּי רִוְּתָה בַשָּׁמַיִם חַרְבִּי, אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְדַרְכּוֹ הָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ, וְהָיִיתָ מְשַׁלֵּחַ אֶצְלוֹ וְאוֹמֵר (בראשית לב, ה): כֹּה אָמַר עַבְדְּךָ יַעֲקֹב.

“Jacob sent messengers before him to Esau his brother, to the land of Se’ir, the field of Edom” (Genesis 32:4). “Jacob sent messengers before him” – Rabbi Pinḥas in the name of Rabbi Reuven began: “Arise, Lord, confront him and subdue him. Rescue me from the wicked with Your sword” (Psalms 17:13) – Rabbi Pinḥas said: Five times in the book of Psalms, David calls for the Holy One blessed be He to arise: “Arise, Lord; save me, my God” (Psalms 3:8); “Arise, Lord, in Your anger” (Psalms 7:7); “Arise, Lord God, raise Your hand. Do not forget” (Psalms 10:12); “Arise, Lord; let man not be arrogant” (Psalms 9:20); “Arise, Lord, confront him” (Psalms 17:13). The Holy One blessed be He said to him: ‘David, my son, even if you call for Me to rise many times, I will not rise. When will I rise? It is when the poor are robbed and the indigent are groaning.’ That is what is written: “Because of the robbery of the poor and the groans of the indigent [now I will arise]” (Psalms 12:6). Rabbi Yona said: “Now I will arise” (Psalms 12:6) – as long as it is wallowing in the ashes, as it were…. Rather, when [comes] the day in whose regard it is written: “Shake the dust from you, arise and sit, Jerusalem” (Isaiah 52:2), at that moment: “Be silent, all flesh, before the Lord” (Zechariah 2:17). Why? “For He is roused from His abode of sanctity” (Zechariah 2:17). Rabbi Aḥa said: Like this rooster that moves itself from the ashes. “Confront him [kadma panav]” (Psalms 17:13) – give the wicked early, before he comes to greet You. “Subdue him [hakhri’ehu]” (Psalms 17:13) – tip the scales to condemn him [hakhriḥehu] and break him, just as it says: “They dropped to their knees [kare’u] and fell…” (Psalms 20:9). “Deliver me from the wicked with Your sword” (Psalms 17:13) – deliver my soul from that wicked one who comes by the power of that sword, as it is stated: “By your sword you shall live” (Genesis 27:40). Alternatively, deliver my soul from that wicked one, who is Your sword through whom You subjugate the world. Rabbi Yehoshua of Sikhnin said in the name of Rabbi Levi: Deliver my soul from that wicked one who is destined to fall by your sword. That is what is written: “For My sword is sated in Heaven; [behold, it will descend upon Edom]” (Isaiah 34:5) – the Holy One blessed be He said to him: ‘He was going on his way, and then you are sending to him and saying: “So said your servant, Jacob”’ (Genesis 32:5).

Section 2ב׳

וַיִּשְׁלַח יַעֲקֹב מַלְאָכִים לְפָנָיו (בראשית לב, ד), רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בְּרַבִּי סִימוֹן פָּתַח (משלי כה, כו): מַעְיָן נִרְפָּשׂ וּמָקוֹר מָשְׁחָת וגו', אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בְּרַבִּי סִימוֹן כְּשֵׁם שֶׁאִי אֶפְשָׁר לְמַעְיָן לְהֵרָפֵס וּלְמָקוֹר לְהִשָׁחֵת, כָּךְ אִי אֶפְשָׁר לַצַּדִּיק לָמוּט לִפְנֵי רָשָׁע, וּכְמַעְיָן נִרְפָּשׂ וְכִמְקוֹר מָשְׁחָת כָּךְ צַדִּיק מֵמִיט עַצְמוֹ לִפְנֵי רָשָׁע, אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְדַרְכּוֹ הָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ וְהָיִיתָ מְשַׁלֵּחַ אֶצְלוֹ וְאוֹמֵר לוֹ: כֹּה אָמַר עַבְדְּךָ יַעֲקֹב.

“Jacob sent messengers before him” – Rabbi Yehuda ben Rabbi Simon began: “Like a muddied spring and a ruined fount, [so is a righteous man who falls before the wicked]” (Proverbs 25:26). Rabbi Yehuda ben Rabbi Simon said: Just as it is impossible for a spring to be muddied and for a fount to be ruined, so it is impossible for a righteous man to fall before the wicked. And like a muddied spring and a ruined fount, so is a righteous man who causes himself to fall before the wicked. He was going on his way, and then you are sending to him and saying: “So said your servant, Jacob.”

Section 3ג׳

וַיִּשְׁלַח יַעֲקֹב (בראשית לב, ד), רַב הוּנָא פָּתַח (משלי כו, יז): מַחֲזִיק בְּאָזְנֵי כָלֶב עֹבֵר מִתְעַבֵּר עַל רִיב לׂא לוֹׁ, שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר נַחְמָן אָמַר מָשָׁל לְאַרְכִי לִיסְטִים שֶׁהָיָה יָשֵׁן בְּפָרָשַׁת דְּרָכִים עֲבַר חַד וּשְׁרֵי מְעִיר לֵיהּ, אֲמַר לֵיהּ קוּם לָךְ דְּבִישָׁא שְׁכִיחַ הָכָא, קָם וּשְׁרֵי מְקַפַּח בֵּיהּ, אֲמַר לֵיהּ נִיעַר בִּישָׁא, אֲמַר לֵיהּ דָּמֵיךְ הֲוָה וְעוֹרַרְתַּנֵּיהּ, כָּךְ אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, לְדַרְכּוֹ הָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ וְאַתָּה מְשַׁלֵּחַ אֶצְלוֹ וְאוֹמֵר לוֹ בְּהַכְנָעָה כֹּה אָמַר עַבְדְּךָ יַעֲקֹב. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בְּרַבִּי סִימוֹן פָּתַח (ירמיה יג, כא): מַה תֹּאמְרִי כִּי יִפְקֹד עָלַיִךְ וְאַתְּ לִמַּדְתְּ אֹתָם עָלַיִךְ אַלֻּפִים לְרֹאשׁ, אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְדַרְכּוֹ הָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ וְאַתָּה מְשַׁלֵּחַ אֶצְלוֹ וְאוֹמֵר לוֹ כֹּה אָמַר עַבְדְּךָ יַעֲקֹב.

“Jacob sent” – Rav Huna began: “Like one who grasps the ears of a dog, so is a passerby who is angered over a quarrel not his” (Proverbs 26:17). Shmuel bar Naḥman said: This is analogous to the head of the robbers, who was sleeping at a crossroads. One person passed and began waking him. He said to him: ‘Wake up, because evil is rampant here.’ He woke up and began beating him. He said: ‘Evil has awakened.’ He said to him: ‘I was asleep and you woke me.’ So, the Holy One blessed be He said to him: ‘He was going on his way, and then you are sending to him and saying to him submissively: “So said your servant, Jacob.”’ Rabbi Yehuda ben Rabbi Simon began: “What will you say when He will reckon with you, and you trained them as chieftains and heads over you?” (Jeremiah 13:21). The Holy One blessed be He said to him: ‘He was going on his way, and then you are sending to him and saying: “So said your servant, Jacob.”’

…and 8 more sections in this chapter.

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