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בראשית רבה ע״דBereshit Rabbah 74

Parashah 74 of 100 in Bereshit Rabbah — 17 sections

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Section 1א׳

וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶל יַעֲקֹב שׁוּב אֶל אֶרֶץ אֲבוֹתֶיךָ וּלְמוֹלַדְתֶּךָ (בראשית לא, ג), כְּתִיב (תהלים קמב, ו): זָעַקְתִּי אֵלֶיךָ ה' אָמַרְתִּי אַתָּה מַחְסִי חֶלְקִי בְּאֶרֶץ הַחַיִּים, וַהֲלוֹא אֵין אֶרֶץ הַחַיִּים אֶלָּא צוֹר וְחַבְרוֹתֶיהָ, תַּמָּן שׂוֹבְעָה תַּמָּן זוֹלָא, וְאַתְּ אֲמַרְתְּ חֶלְקִי בְּאֶרֶץ הַחַיִּים, אֶלָּא אֶרֶץ שֶׁמֵּתֶיהָ חַיִּים תְּחִלָּה לִימוֹת הַמָּשִׁיחַ. רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ בְּשֵׁם בַּר קַּפָּרָא מַיְתֵי לָהּ מֵהָכָא (ישעיה מב, ה): נֹתֵן נְשָׁמָה לָעָם עָלֶיהָ וְרוּחַ לַהֹלְכִים בָּהּ, אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אַתָּה אָמַרְתָּ חֶלְקִי בְּאֶרֶץ הַחַיִּים, שׁוּב אֶל אֶרֶץ אֲבוֹתֶיךָ, אָבִיךָ מְצַפֶּה לְךָ אִמְּךָ מְצַפָּה לְךָ, אֲנִי בְּעַצְמִי מְצַפֶּה לְךָ. רַבִּי אַמֵּי בְּשֵׁם רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ אָמַר נִכְסֵי חוּצָה לָאָרֶץ אֵין בָּהֶם בְּרָכָה, אֶלָּא מִשֶּׁתָּשׁוּב אֶל אֶרֶץ אֲבוֹתֶיךָ אֶהְיֶה עִמָּךְ, הָכָא אַתְּ אָמַר וְאֶהְיֶה עִמָּךְ, וּלְהַלָּן אַתְּ אָמַר (שמואל ב ז, ט): וָאֶהְיֶה עִמְּךָ בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר הָלַכְתָּ, אֶלָּא דָּוִד עַל יְדֵי שֶׁהוּא מְפַרְנֵס אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל הָיָה אוֹמֵר לוֹ וָאֶהְיֶה עִמְּךָ בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר הָלַכְתָּ, אֲבָל יַעֲקֹב עַל יְדֵי שֶׁהוּא מְפַרְנֵס אֶת בֵּיתוֹ הוּא אוֹמֵר לוֹ שׁוּב אֶל אֶרֶץ אֲבוֹתֶיךָ וגו'.

“The Lord said to Jacob: Return to the land of your fathers, and to your birthplace, and I will be with you” (Genesis 31:3). “The Lord said to Jacob: Return to the land of your fathers, and to your birthplace.” It is written: “I cried out to You, Lord, and said: You are my refuge, my portion in the land of the living” (Psalms 142:6) – but is “the land of the living” not Tyre and its environs; there is plenty there, there are low prices there, and you say: “My portion in the land of the living”? It is, rather, the land whose dead come to life first in the messianic era. Reish Lakish in the name of bar Kappara cites it from here: “Who gives breath to the people upon it, and spirit to those who walk in it” (Isaiah 42:5). The Holy One blessed be He said to him: ‘You said: “My portion in the land of the living.” “Return to the land of your fathers” – your father is awaiting you; your mother is awaiting you, I, Myself am awaiting you.’ Rabbi Ami said in the name of Reish Lakish: Possessions outside of the Land of Israel, there is no blessing in them. But, ‘When you return to the land of your fathers, I will be with you.’ Elsewhere it says: “I have been with you wherever you have gone” (II Samuel 7:9). It is, rather, that David, because he led Israel, He would say to him: “I have been with you wherever you have gone.” But Jacob, because he led his family, he says to him: “Return to the land of your fathers…”

Section 2ב׳

וַיִּשְׁלַח יַעֲקֹב וַיִּקְרָא לְרָחֵל וּלְלֵאָה וגו' (בראשית לא, ד), אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל, בִּשְׁלשָׁה דְבָרִים אֲנִי אוֹהֵב אֶת בְּנֵי הַמִּזְרָח, שֶׁאֵינָן נוֹשְׁכִין וְאוֹכְלִין אֶלָּא חוֹתְכִין וְאוֹכְלִין, וְאֵין חוֹתְכִין בָּשָׂר אֶלָּא עַל גַּבֵּי הַשֻּׁלְחָן, וְאֵין נוֹשְׁקִין אֶלָּא בַּיָּד, וְאֵין נוֹטְלִין עֵצָה אֶלָּא בְּמָקוֹם רוֹוֵחַ, כָּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיִּשְׁלַח יַעֲקֹב וַיִּקְרָא לְרָחֵל וּלְלֵאָה, בְּמָקוֹם רוֹוֵחַ. מַתְלָא אוֹמֵר בַּחֲקַל דְּאִית בָּהּ אִזְגָּרִין לָא תֵימַר מִלָּה דְמִסְטִירִין.

“Jacob sent and summoned Rachel and Leah to the field, to his flocks” (Genesis 31:4). “Jacob sent and summoned Rachel and Leah…” – Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel said: Regarding three matters, I prefer the peoples of the East: They do not bite and eat, but rather, they cut and eat; they cut meat only on the table, they kiss only on the hand, and they take counsel only in an open area, similar to what is stated: “Jacob sent and summoned Rachel and Leah” – to an open place. The parable says: In a field in which there are mounds, do not say discreet matters.

Section 3ג׳

וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶן רֹאֶה אָנֹכִי וגו' וַאֲבִיכֶן הֵתֶל בִּי (בראשית לא, ה ז), אָמַר רַבִּי חִיָּא רַבָּה כָּל דָּבָר וְדָבָר שֶׁהָיָה מַתְנֶה עִם אָבִינוּ יַעֲקֹב הָיָה חוֹזֵר בּוֹ עֲשָׂרָה פְּעָמִים לְמַפְרֵעַ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (בראשית ל, לד): הֵן לוּ. רַבָּנָן אָמְרֵי מֵאָה פְּעָמִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַאֲבִיכֶן הֵתֶל בִּי וְהֶחֱלִף אֶת מַשְׂכֻּרְתִּי עֲשֶׂרֶת מֹנִים, וְאֵין מִנְיָן פָּחוּת מֵעֲשָׂרָה. (בראשית לא, ח): אִם כֹּה יֹאמַר נְקֻדִּים יִהְיֶה שְׂכָרֶךָ וְיָלְדוּ כָל הַצֹּאן, רַבִּי בֶּרֶכְיָה בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי חֲנִינָא צָפָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מַה לָּבָן עָתִיד לַעֲשׂוֹת עִם אָבִינוּ יַעֲקֹב וְהָיָה צָר צוּרָה כַּיּוֹצֵא בָּהּ, אִם כֹּה יֹאמַר, אָמַר אֵין כְּתִיב כָּאן, אֶלָּא יֹאמַר, רַבִּי יוּדָן וְרַבִּי אַיְּבוּ אָמְרוּ (בראשית לא, יב): כִּי רָאִיתִי אֶת כָּל אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה לְךָ לָבָן, אֵין כְּתִיב כָּאן, אֶלָּא אֵת כָּל אֲשֶׁר לָבָן עֹשֶׂה לָךְ. (בראשית לא, יא): וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי מַלְאַךְ הָאֱלֹהִים בַּחֲלוֹם וגו', רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אָמַר לוֹ וּלְדוֹרוֹתָיו, אֵין דּוֹר שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ כְּאַבְרָהָם, וְאֵין דּוֹר שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ כְּיַעֲקֹב, וְאֵין דּוֹר שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ כִּשְׁמוּאֵל. (בראשית לא, יב): וַיֹּאמֶר שָׂא נָא עֵינֶיךָ וּרְאֵה כָּל הָעַתֻּדִּים הָעֹלִים עַל הַצֹּאן נְקֻדִּים וּבְרֻדִּים, אָמַר רַב הוּנָא דְּבֵית חוֹרוֹן עוֹלִים אֵין כְּתִיב כָּאן אֶלָּא הָעֹלִים, מֵאֵלֵיהֶן הָיוּ עוֹלִין. רַבִּי תַּנְחוּמָא אָמַר שֶׁטֶף שֶׁל גְּשָׁמִים. רַבָּנָן אָמְרֵי עַנְנֵי כָבוֹד. (בראשית לא, ט): וַיַּצֵּל אֱלֹהִים אֶת מִקְנֵה אֲבִיכֶם וַיִּתֵּן לִי, כָּזֶה שֶׁהוּא מַצִּיל מִן הַנִּצֹּלֶת.

“He said to them: I see your father's countenance, and it is not toward me as in the past, and the God of my father was with me” (Genesis 31:5). “And you know that I worked for your father with all of my strength” (Genesis 31:6). “But your father has cheated me, and changed my wages ten times; but God did not allow him to harm me” (Genesis 31:7). “He said to them: I see…But your father has cheated me” – Rabbi Ḥiyya Rabba said: Each and every matter that Laban would stipulate with Jacob, he would renege upon it ten times retroactively, as it is stated: “Hen lu” (Genesis 30:34). The Rabbis say: One hundred times, as it is stated: “But your father has cheated me, and changed my wages ten times [monim]” (Genesis 31:7); as a quorum [minyan] is no fewer than ten. “If he said this: The speckled will be your wages, then all the flocks bore speckled, and if he said that: The streaked will be your wages, all the flocks bore streaked” (Genesis 31:8). “God has diverted the livestock of your father, and given it to me” (Genesis 31:9). “If he said this [im ko yomar]: The speckled will be your wages, then all the flocks bore [speckled]” – Rabbi Berekhya in the name of Rabbi Ḥanina: The Holy One blessed be He foresaw what Laban was destined to do to our patriarch Jacob, and He shaped a corresponding form. Im ko yomar – amar is not written here, but rather, yomar. Rabbi Yudan and Rabbi Aivu said: “For I have seen everything that Laban did to you” is not written here, but rather, “everything that Laban is doing to you” (Genesis 31:12). “The angel of God said to me in the dream: Jacob, and I said: Here I am” (Genesis 31:11). “The angel of God said to me in the dream…” – Rabbi Elazar ben Yaakov said: To him and to his generations. There is no generation that does not have one like Abraham. There is no generation that does not have one like Jacob. There is no generation that does not have one like Samuel. “He said: Please lift your eyes and see, all the males that mount the flock are streaked, speckled, and mottled, for I have seen all that Laban is doing to you” (Genesis 31:12). “He said: Please lift your eyes and see, all the males that mount the flock are…streaked, speckled…” – Rabbi Huna of Beit Ḥoron said: “Olim” is not written here, but rather, “haolim” – they mounted involuntarily. Rabbi Tanḥuma said: Torrential rain. The Rabbis said: Clouds of glory. “God has diverted the livestock of your father, and given it to me” – like one who saves items from refuse.

…and 12 more sections in this chapter.

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