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The Midrash Rabbah · Bereshit Rabbah

בראשית רבה ע״גBereshit Rabbah 73

Parashah 73 of 100 in Bereshit Rabbah — 12 sections

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Section 1א׳

וַיִּזְכֹּר אֱלֹהִים אֶת רָחֵל (בראשית ל, כב), (תהלים קו, ד): זָכְרֵנִי ה' בִּרְצוֹן עַמֶּךָ פָּקְדֵנִי בִּישׁוּעָתֶךָ, אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה נִפְקְדָה שָׂרָה רָחֵל וְחַנָה.

“God remembered Rachel, and God heeded her, and He opened her womb” (Genesis 30:22). “God remembered Rachel.” “Remember me, Lord, when You favor Your people; be mindful of me in Your salvation” (Psalms 106:4) – Rabbi Elazar said: Sarah, Rachel, and Hannah were remembered on Rosh Hashanah.

Section 2ב׳

וַיִּזְכֹּר אֱלֹהִים אֶת רָחֵל (בראשית ל, כב), (תהלים צח, ג): זָכַר חַסְדּוֹ וֶאֱמוּנָתוֹ לְבֵית יִשְׂרָאֵל רָאוּ כָל אַפְסֵי אָרֶץ אֵת יְשׁוּעַת אֱלֹהֵינוּ. זָכַר חַסְדּוֹ, זֶה אַבְרָהָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (מיכה ז, כ): חֶסֶד לְאַבְרָהָם. וֶאֱמוּנָתוֹ, זֶה יַעֲקֹב, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (מיכה ז, כ): תִּתֵּן אֱמֶת לְיַעֲקֹב. לְבֵית יִשְׂרָאֵל, יִשְׂרָאֵל סָבָא. מִי הָיָה בֵּיתוֹ שֶׁל אָבִינוּ יַעֲקֹב לֹא רָחֵל, בְּכֻלָּם כְּתִיב (בראשית לה, כג): וּבְנֵי לֵאָה בְּכוֹר יַעֲקֹב רְאוּבֵן, (בראשית לה, כו): וּבְנֵי זִלְפָּה שִׁפְחַת לֵאָה גָּד וְאָשֵׁר, (בראשית לה, כה): וּבְנֵי בִלְהָה שִׁפְחַת רָחֵל דָּן וְנַפְתָּלִי, וּבְרָחֵל כְּתִיב (בראשית מו, יט): בְּנֵי רָחֵל אֵשֶׁת יַעֲקֹב, דָּבָר אַחֵר, זָכַר חַסְדּוֹ וֶאֱמוּנָתוֹ לְבֵית יִשְׂרָאֵל, וַיִּזְכֹּר אֱלֹהִים אֶת רָחֵל וַיִּשְׁמַע אֵלֶיהָ.

“God remembered Rachel.” “He remembered His kindness and His faithfulness to the house of Israel; all the ends of the earth beheld the salvation of our God” (Psalms 98:3). “He remembered His kindness” – this is Abraham, as it is stated: “Kindness to Abraham” (Micah 7:20). “And his faithfulness” – this is Jacob, as it is stated: “Give truth to Jacob” (Micah 7:20); “To the house of Israel” – Israel the elder. Who was the house of our patriarch Jacob? Was it not Rachel? Regarding all of them it is written: “The children of Leah, the firstborn of Jacob, Reuben” (Genesis 35:23); “the children of Zilpa, maidservant of Leah, Gad and Asher” (Genesis 35:26); “the children of Bilha, maidservant of Rachel, Dan and Naphtali” (Genesis 35:25). But regarding Rachel it is written: “The children of Rachel, Jacob’s wife” (Genesis 46:19). Another matter, “He remembered His kindness and His faithfulness to the house of Israel” – “God remembered Rachel, and God heeded her.”

Section 3ג׳

פָּדָה בְשָׁלוֹם נַפְשִׁי מִקְּרָב לִי כִּי בְרַבִּים הָיוּ עִמָּדִי (תהלים נה, יט), זֶה יַעֲקֹב. מִקְּרָב לִי, שֶׁלֹא תִּקְרַב לִי עֲצָתוֹ שֶׁל רָשָׁע, שֶׁלֹא יֹאמַר זוֹ שֶׁיָּלְדָה יִטְלֶנָּה עִמּוֹ וְזוֹ שֶׁלֹא יָלְדָה אַל יִטְלֶנָּה עִמּוֹ. דְּאָמַר רַבִּי יוּדָן בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי אַיְּבוּ בְּהַרְבֵּה תְּפִלּוֹת נִפְקְדָה רָחֵל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (בראשית ל, כב): וַיִּזְכֹּר אֱלֹהִים אֶת רָחֵל, רָחֵל בִּזְכוּתָהּ, אֶת רָחֵל, בִּזְכוּת אֲחוֹתָהּ. (בראשית ל, כב): וַיִּשְׁמַע אֵלֶיהָ אֱלֹהִים, בִּזְכוּת יַעֲקֹב, (בראשית ל, כב): וַיִּפְתַּח, בִּזְכוּת הָאִמָּהוֹת. אָמַר רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר נַחְמָן אוֹי לָהֶם לָרְשָׁעִים שֶׁהֵם מְהַפְּכִין מִדַּת רַחֲמִים לְמִדַּת הַדִּין, בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ה', מִדַּת רַחֲמִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות לד, ו): ה' ה' אֵל רַחוּם וְחַנּוּן אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם וְרַב חֶסֶד, וּכְתִיב (בראשית ו, ה ז): וַיַּרְא ה' כִּי רַבָּה רָעַת הָאָדָם בָּאָרֶץ וַיִּנָחֶם ה' וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶמְחֶה. וְאַשְׁרֵיהֶם הַצַּדִּיקִים שֶׁהֵם הוֹפְכִים מִדַּת הַדִּין לְמִדַּת הָרַחֲמִים, בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר אֱלֹהִים הוּא מִדַּת הַדִּין (שמות כב, כז): אֱלֹהִים לֹא תְקַלֵּל, (שמות כב, ח): עַד הָאֱלֹהִים יָבֹא דְּבַר שְׁנֵיהֶם. (בראשית ל, יז): וַיִּשְׁמַע אֱלֹהִים אֶל לֵאָה. (שמות ב, כד): וַיִּשְׁמַע אֱלֹהִים אֶת נַאֲקָתָם, (בראשית ח, א): וַיִּזְכֹּר אֱלֹהִים אֶת נֹחַ.

“He redeemed me unharmed from the battle waged against me [mikerav li], for there were many with me” (Psalms 55:19) – this is Jacob. “Mikerav li” – so that the counsel of that wicked one [Laban] will not come near me [shelo tikrav li], so that he [Laban] will not say: ‘He [Jacob] will take with him this one, who bore children, and that one, who did not bear children, he will not take with him,’ as Rabbi Yudan said in the name of Rabbi Aivu: Rachel was remembered due to many prayers, as it is stated: “God remembered Rachel [et Raḥel],” “Rachel” – by her merit; “et Rachel” – by the merit of her sister. “God heeded her” – by the merit of Jacob; “and he opened” – by the merit of the matriarchs. Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥman said: Woe to the wicked, who transform the attribute of mercy into the attribute of justice. Everywhere that “the Lord” is stated – [it is] the attribute of mercy, as it is stated: “The Lord, the Lord, God merciful and gracious, slow to anger and abounding in kindness” (Exodus 34:6), and it is written: “The Lord saw that the wickedness of man was great on the earth…. The Lord regretted…. The Lord said: I will obliterate” (Genesis 6:5–7). Happy are the righteous, who transform the attribute of justice into the attribute of mercy. Everywhere that “God [Elohim]” is stated, it is the attribute of justice – “you shall not curse God” (Exodus 22:27); “the statement of the two of them shall come before God” (Exodus 22:8). “God heeded Leah”(Genesis 30:17); “God heard their groan” (Exodus 2:24); “God remembered Noah” (Genesis 8:1).

…and 7 more sections in this chapter.

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