The Midrash Rabbah · Bamidbar Rabbah
במדבר רבה ז׳Bamidbar Rabbah 7
Parashah 7 of 23 in Bamidbar Rabbah — 10 sections
Section 1א׳
צַו אֶת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וִישַׁלְּחוּ מִן הַמַּחֲנֶה וגו' (במדבר ה, ב), הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (משלי כה, ד): הָגוֹ סִיגִים מִכָּסֶף וַיֵּצֵא לַצֹּרֵף כֶּלִי, אָמַר רַבִּי תַּנְחוּמָא בַּר רַבִּי אַבָּא מַהוּ הָגוֹ סִיגִים מִכָּסֶף, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהַפְּסֹלֶת הַזּוֹ בַּכֶּסֶף אֵינוֹ מַרְאֶה יָפְיוֹ, לֹא עָשָׂה אֶלָּא נִסְתַּנְּנָה הַפְּסֹלֶת מִמֶּנּוּ, מִיָּד הוּא מַרְאֶה שִׁבְחוֹ. הָגוֹ סִיגִים מִכָּסֶף, אַחַר כָּךְ וַיֵּצֵא לַצֹּרֵף כֶּלִי, כֵּיצַד בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁיָּצְאוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִּצְרַיִם הָיוּ כָּל רֻבָּן בַּעֲלֵי מוּמִין, לָמָּה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהָיוּ יְגֵעִים בַּטִּיט וּבַלְּבֵנִים וְעוֹלִים לְרֹאשׁ הַבִּנְיָן וּמִי שֶׁהוּא בּוֹנֶה עַל יְדֵי שֶׁהָיוּ עוֹלִין לְרָאשֵׁי הַדָּמוֹסִין, אוֹ הָאֶבֶן נוֹפֶלֶת וְקוֹטַעַת יָדוֹ, אוֹ הַקּוֹרָה אוֹ הַטִּיט נִכְנָס בְּעֵינָיו וְהוּא נִסְמָא. וְהָיוּ בַּעֲלֵי מוּמִין, כֵּיוָן שֶׁבָּאוּ לְמִדְבַּר סִינַי אָמַר הָאֱלֹהִים כָּךְ הוּא כְּבוֹדָהּ שֶׁל תּוֹרָה שֶׁאֶתֵּן אוֹתָהּ לְדוֹר בַּעֲלֵי מוּמִין, וְאִם אַמְתִּין עַד שֶׁיַּעַמְדוּ אֲחֵרִים הֲרֵי אֲנִי מַשְׁהֶא בְּמַתַּן תּוֹרָה, מֶה עָשָׂה הָאֱלֹהִים, אָמַר לַמַּלְאָכִים שֶׁיֵּרְדוּ אֵצֶל יִשְׂרָאֵל וִירַפְּאוּ אוֹתָן, וְתֵדַע לְךָ שֶׁכֵּן, אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אָמַר רַבִּי סִימוֹן מִנַּיִן שֶׁלֹא הָיָה בָּהֶן חִגְרִין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות יט, יז): וַיִּתְיַצְּבוּ בְּתַחְתִּית הָהָר, וְאֵין נִצָּב אֶלָּא עַל רַגְלָיו. מִנַּיִן שֶׁלֹא הָיָה בָּהֶן גִּדְמִין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות כד, ז): כֹּל אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר ה' נַעֲשֶׂה. וּמִנַּיִן שֶׁלֹא הָיָה בָּהֶן חֵרְשִׁין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות): וְנִשְׁמַע. וּמִנַּיִן שֶׁלֹא הָיָה בָּהֶן סוּמִין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות כ, טו): וְכָל הָעָם רֹאִים אֶת הַקּוֹלֹת. וּמִנַיִן שֶׁלֹא הָיָה בָּהֶן אִלְמִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות יט, ח): וַיַּעֲנוּ כָל הָעָם, נִמְצֵאתָ אוֹמֵר שֶׁהֲרֵי נִתְרַפְּאוּ כֻּלָּן. וְאִם אֵין אַתָּה לָמֵד מִכָּאן יֵשׁ לְךָ לִלְמֹד מִמָּקוֹם אַחֵר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות טו, כו): כָּל הַמַּחֲלָה אֲשֶׁר שַׂמְתִּי בְמִצְרַיִם וגו', הֲרֵי לְךָ שֶׁנִּתְרַפְּאוּ, אֲבָל כֵּיוָן שֶׁעָשׂוּ אוֹתוֹ מַעֲשֶׂה שֶׁל עֵגֶל חָזְרוּ לְמוּמָן וְנַעֲשׂוּ זָבִין וּמְצֹרָעִין, שֶׁכֵּן משֶׁה רוֹאֶה אוֹתָן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות לב, כה): וַיַּרְא משֶׁה אֶת הָעָם כִּי פָרֻעַ הוּא, וְאֵין פָּרוּעַ אֶלָּא לְשׁוֹן צָרוּעַ, כְּמָה דְתֵימָא (ויקרא יג, מה): וְהַצָּרוּעַ אֲשֶׁר בּוֹ הַנֶּגַע וגו' וְרֹאשׁוֹ יִהְיֶה פָרוּעַ וגו'. אָמַר הָאֱלֹהִים לְמשֶׁה עַד שֶׁלֹא עֲשִׂיתֶם אֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּן הָיִיתִי מְגַלְגֵּל בַּדְּבָרִים וְהָיוּ הַזָּבִים וְהַמְצֹרָעִים מְעֹרָבִים עִמָּכֶם, עַכְשָׁו שֶׁעֲשִׂיתֶם אֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּן וַאֲנִי מַשְׁרֶה שְׁכִינָתִי בֵּינֵיכֶם, הַפְרִישׁוּ אוֹתָם מִכֶּם, וִישַׁלְּחוּ מִן הַמַּחֲנֶה כָּל צָרוּעַ וְכָל זָב וְכֹל טָמֵא לָנֶפֶשׁ, בִּשְׁבִיל מַה, (במדבר ה, ג): וְלֹא יְטַמְּאוּ אֶת מַחֲנֵיהֶם אֲשֶׁר אֲנִי שֹׁכֵן בְּתוֹכָם.
“Command the children of Israel, and they shall send out from the camp every leper and every zav, and every one impure by means of a corpse” (Numbers 5:2). “Command the children of Israel, and they shall send out from the camp…” – that is what is written: “Remove the dross from silver, and a vessel will emerge for the smith” (Proverbs 25:4). Rabbi Tanḥuma bar Rabbi Abba said: What is “remove the dross from silver”? As long as this waste is in the silver, it does not display its beauty. If one does nothing but filter the waste from it, it immediately displays its excellence. “Remove the dross from silver” – subsequently, “and a vessel will emerge for the smith.” How so? When Israel departed from Egypt, the vast majority of them were blemished. Why? It is because they were toiling in mortar and bricks and would ascend to the top of the structure. One who builds by ascending to the top course, a stone would fall and sever his hand, or a beam or mortar would enter his eye and he would be blinded. They were blemished. When they arrived at Mount Sinai, God said: Is this commensurate with the honor of the Torah, that I will give it to a generation of blemished people? If I wait until others arise, I will delay the giving of the Torah. What did God do? He said to the angels that they should descend to Israel and heal them. Know that it is so. Rabbi Yehuda said that Rabbi Simon said: From where is it derived that there was no one lame among them? As it is stated: “They stood at the foot of the mountain” (Exodus 19:17), and standing is only on one’s feet. From where is it derived that there were no amputees among them? As it is stated: “Everything that the Lord has spoken we will perform” (Exodus 24:7). From where is it derived that there were no deaf among them? As it is stated: “And we will heed” (Exodus 24:7). From where is it derived that there were no blind among them? As it is stated: “All the people saw the sounds” (Exodus 20:15). From where is it derived that there were no mutes among them? As it is stated: “All the people answered” (Exodus 19:8) – you find that they were all healed. If you do not derive it from here, you can derive it from elsewhere. As it is stated: “All the disease that I placed in Egypt [I will not place upon you, as I am the Lord your healer” (Exodus 15:26) – you see that they were healed. However, once they performed that act of the calf, they were restored to their blemish and became zavim and lepers. Thus Moses saw them, as it is stated: “Moses saw the people, that it was wild [farua]” (Exodus 32:25). Parua is nothing other than an expression of leprosy, just as it says: “The leper in whom the mark is…and the hair of his head shall be unshorn [farua]…” (Leviticus 13:45). God said to Moses: Until you crafted the Tabernacle, I would have My words reach you in a temporary manner, and the zavim and the lepers were intermingled with you. Now that you crafted the Tabernacle and I rest My Divine Presence in your midst, separate them from you. “They shall send out from the camp every leper and every zav, and every one impure by means of a corpse.” For what purpose? It is “so that they will not defile their camp, in which I dwell in their midst” (Numbers 5:3).
Section 2ב׳
וִישַׁלְּחוּ מִן הַמַּחֲנֶה כָּל צָרוּעַ וגו', לָמָּה נִסְמְכָה פָּרָשַׁת מְצֹרָעִים לְפָרָשַׁת הַלְוִיִּם, אַתְּ מוֹצֵא יִשְׂרָאֵל וְהַלְוִיִּם קִבְּלוּ עֲלֵיהֶם מַלְכוּתוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּסִינַי, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות יט, ח): וַיַּעֲנוּ כָל הָעָם יַחְדָּו, לְסוֹף אַרְבָּעִים יוֹם מָרְדוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא (שמות לב, ח): וְעָשׂוּ לָהֶם עֵגֶל מַסֵּכָה וגו' וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֵלֶּה אֱלֹהֶיךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר הֶעֱלוּךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם, אֲבָל הַלְוִיִּם נִמְצְאוּ מֻשְׁלָמִים עִם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות לב, כו): וַיַּעֲמֹד משֶׁה בְּשַׁעַר הַמַּחֲנֶה וגו', אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא (שמואל א ב, ל): כִּי מְכַבְּדַי אֲכַבֵּד וּבֹזַי יֵקָלוּ, בְּנֵי לֵוִי שֶׁכִּבְּדוּנִי שֶׁלֹא כָּפְרוּ בִּי, לָהֶם אֲנִי מְכַבֵּד, אֲבָל יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁבִּזּוּנִי, שֶׁאֲנִי הֶעֱלֵיתִי אוֹתָם מִמִּצְרַיִם וְהֵם אָמְרוּ לָעֵגֶל שֶׁהוּא הֶעֱלָם, בְּדִין הוּא שֶׁיֵּקַלּוּ. מַה כָּבוֹד כִּבֵּד הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֶת הַלְוִיִּם, שֶׁלְּקָחָם לְחֶלְקוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר ג, יב): וַאֲנִי הִנֵּה לָקַחְתִּי אֶת הַלְוִיִּם מִתּוֹךְ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וגו', וְכֵיוָן שֶׁבָּא לִמְנוֹתָם לַעֲמֹד בְּשִׁמּוּשׁוֹ, הוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ מְנָאָם, וּמִנַּיִן שֶׁכֵּן הוּא, אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בַּר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן כְּתִיב לְמַעְלָה מִן פָּרָשַׁת מְצֹרָעִים (במדבר ד, מט): עַל פִּי ה' פָּקַד אוֹתָם בְּיַד משֶׁה, וְאוֹמֵר (במדבר ד, מט): וּפְקֻדָיו אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה ה', וּכְתִיב בְּרֹאשׁ הָעִנְיָן (במדבר ד, לו): וַיִּהְיוּ פְקֻדֵיהֶם, אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בַּר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן הֵיאַךְ יִמְצָא הַדּוֹרֵשׁ יָדָיו בֵּין פְּקֻדָיו לִפְקֻדֵיהֶם, אִם פְּקֻדָיו לָמָּה פְּקֻדֵיהֶם, אֶלָּא פְּקֻדֵיהֶם מַה שֶּׁמָּנוּ משֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן, וּפְקֻדָיו מַה שֶּׁמָּנָה הָאֱלֹהִים, וְלָמָּה מְנָאָם הָאֱלֹהִים, אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שֶׁלֹא יֹאמַר אָדָם וְכִי משֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן הָיוּ יְכוֹלִים לִמְנוֹת כָּל אוֹתָן הָאֻכְלוּסִין, אָמַר הָאֱלֹהִים אִם הִרְהַרְתָּ אַחֲרֵיהֶם כְּאִלּוּ אַחֲרַי אַתָּה מְהַרְהֵר, לְכָךְ כָּתַב: וּפְקֻדָיו וּפְקֻדֵיהֶם, וְהֵיאַךְ מְנָאָם משֶׁה, אָמַר רַבִּי בֶּרֶכְיָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אָמַר לוֹ לְמשֶׁה בְּמִשְׁפַּחַת פְּלוֹנִי כָּךְ וְכָךְ, עַד שֶׁמָּנָה אוֹתָן, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב: עַל פִּי ה' פָּקַד אוֹתָם בְּיַד משֶׁה, לְכָךְ כְּשֶׁמְּנָאָם משֶׁה מִבֶּן חֹדֶשׁ עַל פִּי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְנָאָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר ג, לט): כָּל פְּקוּדֵי הַלְוִיִּם וגו', אָמַר רַבִּי בֶּרֶכְיָה הַכֹּהֵן כָּךְ אַתְּ סָבוּר שֶׁהָיָה משֶׁה הוֹלֵךְ וְנִכְנַס לְאָהֳלוֹ שֶׁל כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד לִרְאוֹת כַּמָּה בָּנִים הָיוּ לוֹ, לָאו, אֶלָּא אָמַר הָאֱלֹהִים לְמשֶׁה יֵשׁ בְּאָהֳלוֹ שֶׁל פְּלוֹנִי שְׁנַיִם וּבְאָהֳלוֹ שֶׁל פְּלוֹנִי שְׁלשָׁה, עַד שֶׁמָּנָה אוֹתָן, מִנַּיִן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: עַל פִּי ה', הֱוֵי כָּבוֹד גָּדוֹל חָלַק לָהֶם שֶׁהוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ מְנָאָם, אֲבָל בְּמִנְיַן יִשְׂרָאֵל אֵין אַתְּ מוֹצֵא עַל פִּי ה', לְפִי שֶׁהֵם לֹא כִּבְּדוּהוּ אַף הוּא לֹא כִּבְּדָם. וְכֵן כְּשֶׁבָּא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לַעֲשׂוֹת מִשְׁכָּן קֵרַב הַלְוִיִּם לְשִׁמּוּשׁוֹ, כְּשֵׁם שֶׁאָמַר בַּפָּרָשָׁה, אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא הַלְוִיִּם שֶׁכִּבְּדוּנִי יִהְיוּ אֶצְלִי אֲבָל אוֹתָן שֶׁטָּעוּ בָּעֵגֶל הֵם יִלְקוּ בְּצָרַעַת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות לב, כה): וַיַּרְא משֶׁה אֶת הָעָם כִּי פָרֻעַ הוּא, וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר (תהלים קא, ג): עֲשׂה סֵטִים שָׂנֵאתִי וגו'.
“They shall send out from the camp every leper…” – why is the portion of lepers juxtaposed to the portion of the Levites? You find that Israel and the Levites accepted the kingdom of the Holy One blessed be He upon themselves at Sinai, as it is stated: “All the people answered together” (Exodus 19:8). At the end of forty days, Israel rebelled against the Holy One blessed be He: “They crafted for themselves a molten calf…and said: This is your god, Israel, who took you up from the land of Egypt” (Exodus 32:8). But the Levites were found faultless before the Holy One blessed be He, as it is stated: “Moses stood at the gate of the camp [and said: Whoever is for the Lord, come to me; and all the sons of Levi gathered to him]” (Exodus 32:26). The Holy One blessed be He said: “For those who honor Me, I will honor, but those who scorn Me will be lowly” (I Samuel 2:30). The sons of Levi, who honored Me and did not deny Me, them I honor. But Israel, who scorned Me, as I took them up out of Egypt but they said it was the calf that took them up, by right they should be lowly. With what honor did the Holy One blessed be He honor the Levites? It is that He took them as His portion, as it is stated: “I have hereby taken the Levites from among the children of Israel…[and the Levites shall be Mine]” (Numbers 3:12). When He came to count them to stand in His service, He counted them Himself. From where is it derived that it is so? Rabbi Yehuda bar Rabbi Shimon said: It is written before the portion of the lepers: “According to the directive of the Lord he counted them, at the hand of Moses” (Numbers 4:49), and it says: “And his count was as the Lord commanded Moses” (Numbers 4:49). It is written at the beginning of the matter: “Their counted were” (Numbers 4:36). Rabbi Yehuda bar Rabbi Shimon said: How will the expounder find his bearings between “his count” and “their counted”? If “his count,” why “their counted”? Rather, “their counted” – what Moses and Aaron counted; “His count” – what God counted. Why did God count them? The Holy One blessed be He said: So no man would say: Were Moses and Aaron capable of counting all those multitudes? God said: If you express reproof about them it is as though you are expressing reproof about Me. That is why He wrote: “His count” and “their counted.” How did Moses count them? Rabbi Berekhya said: The Holy One blessed be He would say to Moses: ‘In such and such family there are such and such people,’ until he counted them. That is what is written: “According to the directive of the Lord he counted them, at the hand of Moses.” When Moses counted them from one month old, he counted them at the directive of the Holy One blessed be He, as it is stated: “All those counted of the Levites, [whom Moses and Aaron counted according to the directive of the Lord]” (Numbers 3:39). Rabbi Berekhya HaKohen said: Do you believe that Moses would go and enter the tent of each and every one to see how many sons he had? No, rather God said to Moses: ‘There are two in the tent of so-and-so, and three in the tent of so-and-so,’ until he counted them. From where is it derived? As it is stated: “According to the directive of the Lord.” Thus, He accorded great honor to them in that He Himself counted them. But in the census of Israel, you do not find “according to the directive of the Lord.” Because they did not honor Him, He did not honor them. Likewise, when the Holy One blessed be He came to establish the Tabernacle, He drew the Levites near in His service, as it says in the portion. The Holy One blessed be He said: The Levites who honored Me will be with Me, but those who erred with the calf will be afflicted with leprosy, as it is stated: “Moses saw the people, that it was wild [farua]” (Exodus 32:25). Likewise, it says: “I hate the doing of perversity; [it shall not cleave to me]” (Psalms 101:3).
Section 3ג׳
וִישַׁלְּחוּ מִן הַמַּחֲנֶה כָּל צָרוּעַ וגו' (במדבר ה, ב), אַתְּ מוֹצֵא מֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וָדָם יֵשׁ לוֹ פְּרוֹפָּסִיטִין, אַף הָאֱלֹהִים יֵשׁ לוֹ פְּרָפּוֹסִיטִין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר א, ב): שְׂאוּ אֶת רֹאשׁ כָּל עֲדַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וגו', מֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וָדָם יֵשׁ לוֹ דֻּכָּסִין, אַף הָאֱלֹהִים יֵשׁ לוֹ דֻּכָּסִין, (במדבר ג, לב): וּנְשִׂיא נְשִׂיאֵי הַלֵּוִי וגו', אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי דּוּךְ דּוּכָנִין הָיָה, מֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וָדָם מְחַלֵּק דּוֹנָטִיבָא לְלִגְיוֹנוֹתָיו, הָאֱלֹהִים מְחַלֵּק דּוֹנָטִיבָא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות טז, ד): הִנְנִי מַמְטִיר לָכֶם לֶחֶם מִן הַשָּׁמָיִם. מֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וָדָם מְחַלֵּק כֵּלִים וּבֶסְטִיָא לְאִסְרַטְיוֹטוֹת שֶׁלּוֹ, וְאַף הָאֱלֹהִים כֵּן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים ח, ד): שִׂמְלָתְךָ לֹא בָלְתָה וגו'. מֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וָדָם יֵשׁ לוֹ סְפֶקוּלָא, וְאַף הָאֱלֹהִים יֵשׁ לוֹ סְפֶקוּלָא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא כ, י): מוֹת יוּמַת הַנֹּאֵף וְהַנֹּאָפֶת. מֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וָדָם יֵשׁ לוֹ קָטָרִיקָס, אַף הָאֱלֹהִים יֵשׁ לוֹ קָטָרִיקָס, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים כב, יט): וְעָנְשׁוּ אֹתוֹ מֵאָה כֶסֶף. מֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וָדָם יֵשׁ לוֹ קָטָפוֹרָס, אַף הָאֱלֹהִים יֵשׁ לוֹ קָטָפוֹרָס, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים כה, ג): אַרְבָּעִים יַכֶּנּוּ לֹא יֹסִיף. מֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וָדָם יֵשׁ לוֹ מֶטָלוֹן שֶׁל טֵרוּדִין, אַף הָאֱלֹהִים יֵשׁ לוֹ מֶטָלוֹן שֶׁל טֵרוּדִין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וִישַׁלְּחוּ מִן הַמַּחֲנֶה כָּל צָרוּעַ וגו'.
“They shall send out from the camp every leper…” – you find that a king of flesh and blood has nobility; God, too, has nobility, as it is stated: “Take a census of [se’u et rosh] the entire congregation of the children of Israel…” (Numbers 1:2). A king of flesh and blood has senior officials; God, too, has senior officials: “The prince of the princes of the Levites, [Elazar son of Aaron the priest]” (Numbers 3:32). Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi says: He [Elazar] was an overseer of officials. A king of flesh and blood distributes sustenance to his legions; God, too, distributes sustenance, as it is stated: “Behold, I am raining bread for you from the heavens” (Exodus 16:4). A king of flesh and blood distributes blankets and garments to his soldiers; the same is true of God, as it is stated: “Your garments did not become worn…” (Deuteronomy 8:4). A king of flesh and blood issues a death sentence; God, too, issues a death sentence, as it is stated: “The adulterer and the adulteress shall be put to death” (Leviticus 20:10). A king of flesh and blood exacts fines; God, too, exacts fines, as it is stated: “They shall fine him one hundred silver pieces” (Deuteronomy 22:19). A king of flesh and blood inflicts corporal punishment; God, too, inflicts corporal punishment, as it is stated: “Forty he shall flog him; he shall not add” (Deuteronomy 25:3). A king of flesh and blood has a metal mine to which the banished are exiled; God, too, has a metal mine to which the banished are exiled, as it is stated: “They shall send out from the camp every leper…”
Bamidbar Rabbah — Midrash Rabbah, TE edition, via Sefaria
English: The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 — CC BY