יומא ה׳Yoma 5

Mishnah

משנה: הוֹצִיאוּ לוֹ אֶת הַכַּף וְאֶת הַמַּחְתָּה וְחָפַן מְלֹא חָפְנָיו וְנָתַן לְתוֹךְ הַכַּף הַגָּדוֹל לְפִי גוֹדְלוֹ וְהַקָּטָן לְפִי קוֹטְנוֹ וְכָךְ הָיְתָה מִידָּתָן. נָטַל אֶת הַמַּחְתָּה בִּימִינוֹ וְאֶת הַכַּף בִּשְׂמֹאלוֹ. מְהַלֵּךְ בַּהֵיכָל עַד שֶׁמַּגִּיעַ לְבֵין שְׁנֵי הַפָּרוֹכוֹת הַמַּבְדִּילוֹת בֵּין הַקּוֹדֶשׁ וּבֵין קוֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים וּבֵינֵיהֶן אַמָּה. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר לֹא הָיְתָה שָׁם אֶלָּא פָרוֹכֶת אַחַת בִּלְבָד שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וְהִבְדִּילָה הַפָּרוֹכֶת לָכֶם בֵּין הַקּוֹדֶשׁ וּבֵין קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים.

MISHNAH: They brought him the cup and the pan; he took his full fistfuls and put it into the cup, a big person according to his bigness, and a small person according to his smallness, this was their measure. He took the fire-pan into his right hand and the cup in his left, went into the Temple until he reached the space between the two gobelins which separate between the Holy and the Holiest of Holies with one cubit between them. Rebbi Yose says, there was only one gobelin as it was said, and the gobelin shall separate for you between the Holy and the Holiest of Holies.

Halakhah

הלכה: הוֹצִיאוּ לוֹ אֶת הַכַּף כול׳. וְלא כְבָר תַּנִּינתָהּ. נָטַל אֶת הַמַּחְתָּה וְעָלָה לְרֹאשׁ הַמִּזְבֵּחַ. כֵּינִי מַתְנִיתָה. אֶת הַכַּף וְאֶת הַבָּזִךְ. מָהוּ כַף. מָגִיס. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵה. הָדָא אָמְרָה. כְּלִי חוֹל הוּא. אִין תֵּימַר. כְּלִי קוֹדֶשׁ. דָּבָר שֶׁקָּדַשׁ בְּכֶלִי נִפְדֶּה.

HALAKHAH: “They brought him the cup,” etc. But was it not already stated, “he took a fire-pan and ascended to the top of the altar”? So is the Mishnah: The cup and the bowl. What is a כַּף? A tureen. Rebbi Yose said, this implies that it is a profane vessel. If you would say, a sanctified vessel, may something sanctified in a vessel be redeemed?

דְּאִיתְפַּלְּגוֹן. פִיטְּמָהּ בַחוּלִין. רִבִּי יוֹסֶה בֶּן חֲנִינָה אָמַר. פְּסוּלָה. רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי אָמַר. כְּשֵׁירָה. מַה טַעֲמָא דְרִבִּי יוֹסֶי בַּר חֲנִינָה. קוֹדֶשׁ הִיא. שֶׁתְּהֵא הֲבָאֲתָהּ בַּקוֹדֶשׁ. מַה טַעֲמָא דְרִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי. קוֹדֶשׁ הִיא. שֶׁתְּהֵא בָאָה מִתְּרוּמַת הַלִּישְׁכָּה. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֶה בֵּירִבִּי בּוּן. אַתְיָא דְרִבִּי יוֹסֶי בֶּן חֲנִינָה כִשְׁמוּאֵל וּדְרִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי כְרִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. דְּתַנִּינָן. הַמַּקְדִּישׁ נְכָסָיו וְהָיוּ בָּהֶן דְּבָרִים רְאוּיִין לְקָרְבְּנוֹת צִיבּוּר. רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר. קְטוֹרֶת. אָמַר רִבִּי הוֹשַׁעְיָה. תִּיפְתָּר בְּאוֹמָּן מִשֶּׁל בֵּית אֶבְטִינָס [שֶׁהָיָה נוֹטֵל בִּשְׂכָרוֹ קְטוֹרֶת.] וּדְרִבִּי יוֹסֶי בֶּן חֲנִינָה כִשְׁמוּאֵל. דְּאָמַר רִבִּי חוּנָה בְשֵׁם שְׂמוּאֵל. מַכְתֶּשֶׁת עָשׂוּ אוֹתָהּ כְּלִי שָׁרֵת לַקּוֹדֶשׁ. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֶה בֵּירִבִּי בּוּן. אָמְרָהּ רִבִּי חוּנָה קוֹמֵי רִבִּי יוֹסֵה. דָּבָר שֶׁקָּדַשׁ בְּכֶלִי נִפְדֶּה. אָמַר לֵיהּ. וְלָאו שְׁמוּאֵל הוּא. וּשְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר. קַל הוּא בְמוֹתָר. דְּאִיתְפַּלְּגוֹן. הוֹתִירוּ תְמִידִין. שְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר. נִפְדִּין כִתְמִימִין. רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר. נִפְדִּין כִפְסוּלֵי הַמּוּקְדָּשִׁין. הוֹתִירוּ שְׂעִירִים. עַל דַּעְתֵּיהּ דִּשְׁמוּאֵל. אִם עוֹלָה נִפְדִּית לֹא כָּל שֶׁכֵּן חַטָּאת. עַל דַּעְתֵּיהּ דִּרִבִּי יוֹחָנָן רִבִּי זְעוּרָא אָמַר. יִרִעוּ. אָמַר רִבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר רַב יִצְחָק. מְקַיְיצִים בָּהּ אֶת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ. וְקַשְׁיָא. יֵשׁ חַטָּאת קְרֵיבָה עוֹלָה. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵה. שַׁנְיָא הִיא. שֶׁאֶין קָרְבְּנוֹת צִיבּוּר נִקָבָּעִין אֶלָּא בִשְׁחִיטָה. אָמַר רִבִּי חֲנַנְיָה בֶּן תְּרַדְיוֹן. תְּנַיי בֵית דִּין הוּא עַל הַמּוֹתָרוֹת שֶׁיִּקְרְבוּ עוֹלוֹת.

As they disagreed: If it was compounded as profane, Rebbi Yose ben Ḥanina said, it is disqualified; Rebbi Joshua ben Levi said, it is qualified. What is Rebbi Yose ben Ḥanina’s reason? It is holy, that it shall be brought into the Sanctuary. What is Rebbi Joshua ben Levi’s reason? It is holy, that it shall be brought from the contributions to the treasury. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Bun said, Rebbi Yose ben Ḥanina’s parallels Samuel and Rebbi Joshua ben Levi’s Rebbi Joḥanan, as we have stated, “if one dedicated his property to the Temple and there were objects appropriate as public offerings.” Rebbi Joḥanan said, incense. Rebbi Hoshaia said, explain it about an artisan of the family Eutinos [who took incense as his wages.] And Rebbi Joshua ben Levi’s is like Samuel, as Rebbi Ḥuna said in the name of Samuel, they made the mortar a vessel of sacred service. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, Rebbi Ḥuna said this before Rebbi Yose: something sanctified in a vessel may be redeemed. He said to him, is that not Samuel’s? Since Samuel said, it is slight in the case of leftovers. As they disagreed: If daily sacrifices were left over, Samuel says, they are redeemed unblemished. Rebbi Joḥanan said, they are redeemed as disqualified sancta. Leftover he-goats, in Samuel’s opinion if elevation sacrifices are redeemed, a purification sacrifice so much more. In Rebbi Joḥanan’s opinion? Rebbi Zeˋira said, they shall graze. Rebbi Samuel bar Rav Isaac said, one uses them to adorn the altar. This is difficult. May a purification sacrifice be brought as elevation sacrifice? Rebbi Yose said, there is a difference, for public sacrifices are determined only by slaughter. Rebbi Ḥananiah ben Tradion said, it is a stipulation of the Court that all leftovers should be brought as elevation sacrifices.

מְלֹא קוּמְצוֹ. יָכוֹל מְלֹא קוּמְצוֹ מְבוֹרָץ. תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר בְּקֻמְצוֹ. אִי בְּקֻמְצוֹ יָכוֹל יִקְמוֹץ בְּרָאשֵׁי אֶצְבְּעֹתָיו. תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר מְלֹא קוּמְצוֹ. הָא כֵיצַד. חוֹפֶה אֶת פַּס יָדוֹ בַּמַּחֲבַת וּבְמַרְחֶשֶׁת וּמוֹחֵק בְּאֶצְבָּעוֹ מִלְּמַעֲלָן לְמַטָּן.

“ His full handful. I could assume an overstuffed handful, the verse says, with his handful. If with his handful, I could assume that he picks it up with his finger tips, the verse says, his full handful. How is this? He sinks his hand into the baking pan or frying pan and wipes clean with his finger from top to bottom.”

תַּמָּן אַתְּ אָמַר. מְלֹא קֻמְצוֹ בְּקֻמְצוֹ. וְהָכָא אַתְּ אָמַר מְלֹא קוּמְצוֹ. רִבִּי יַעֲקֹב בַּר אָחָא רִבִּי סִימוֹן בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי. מַה לְהַלָּן קוֹמֶץ הֶחָסֵר פָּסוּל וְהָכָא קוֹמֶץ הֶחָסֵר פָּסוּל. חָפְנַיִם מָהוּ שֶׁיּיֵעָשֶׂה כִכְלִי שָׁרֵת לְקַדֵּשׁ. אַחֵר מָהוּ שֶׁיַּחְפּוֹן וְיִתֵּן לְתוֹךְ חָפְנָיו. מָהוּ שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה מִידָּה לְחָפְנָיו. בְּכָל חָפְנַיִם מְשַׁעֲרִין אוֹ אֵין מְשַׁעֲרִין אֶלָּא בְחָפְנָיו. רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי שָׁאַל. חָפַן וָמֵת. אָחֵר מָהוּ שֶׁיִיכָּנֵס בְּחָפְנָיו. אִין תֵּימַר. חָפְנַיִם עָשׂוּ אוֹתָן כִּכְלִי שָׁרֵת לַקּוֹדֶּשׁ. הָדָא אָמְרָה. חָפַן וָמֵת אֵין אָחֵר נִכְנַס בְּחָפְנָיו. אֵין אַחֵר חוֹפֵן וְנוֹתֵן לְתוֹךְ חָפְנָיו. וְעוֹשִׂין מִידָּה לְחָפְנָיו. וְאֵין מְשַׁעֲרִין בְּכָל חָפְנַיִם. אִין תֵּימַר. חָפְנַיִם לֹא עָשׂוּ אוֹתָן כִּכְלִי שָׁרֵת לַקּוֹדֶּשׁ. הָדָא אָמְרָה. חָפַן וָמֵת. אָחֵר נִכְנַס בְּחָפְנָיו. אַחֵר חוֹפֵן וְנוֹתֵן לְתוֹךְ חָפְנָיו. וְאֵין עוֹשִׂין מִידָּה לְחָפְנָיו. וּמְשַׁעֲרִין בְּכָל חָפְנַיִם.

There, you are saying, his full handful, with his handful, and here you are saying, his full handful. Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa, Rebbi Simon in the name of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi, since there a deficient handful is disqualified, here also a deficient handful is disqualified. Are his fists considered vessels of service to sanctify? May another person take the fistful and puts it in his fist? Should it be made to measure for his fists? Do you estimate for all possible fists or you estimate for his fist only? Rebbi Joshua ben Levi asked: If he took a fistful and died, may another person enter with his fistful? If you are saying that they did not consider his fists a vessel of service of the Sanctuary, this implies that another person may enter with his fistful; another person may take the fistful and put it in his fist; one makes to measure for his fists; one does not estimate for all possible fists. If you are saying that they considered his fists a vessel of service of the Sanctuary, this implies that another person may not enter with his fistful; another person may not take the fistful and put in his fist; one does not make to measure for his fists; one estimates for all possible fists.

הַגָּדוֹל לְפִי גוֹדְלוֹ. אֲפִילוּ כְּבֶן קִמְחִית שֶׁהָיְתָה יָדוֹ מַחֲזֶקֶת כְּאַרְבָּעַת קַבִּין. וְהַקָּטָן לְפִי קוֹטְנוֹ. אֲפִילוּ כְּבֶן גַּמְלָא שֶׁלֹּא הָיתָה יָדוֹ מַחֲזֶקֶת אֶלָּא כִשְׁנֵי זֵתִים.

“A big person according to his bigness,” even like Ben Qimḥit whose hand contained about four qab, “and a small person according to his smallness,” even like Ben Gamia, whose hand contained only about two olives.

הִילּוּךְ בְּזָר מָהוּ. חִזְקִיָּה אָמַר. הִילּוּךְ בְּזָר כָּשֵׁר. רִבִּי יַנַּאי אָמַר. הִילּוּךְ בְּזָר פָּסוּל. מַתְנִיתַה פְלִיגָא עַל רִבִּי יַנַּאי. קִבֵּל בִּימִינוֹ וְנָתַן בִּשְׂמֹאלוֹ יַחֲזִיר לִימִינוֹ. וּשְׂמֹאלֹו לֹא כְזָר הִיא. תִּיפְתָּר שֶׁהָיְתָה שְׂמֹאלוֹ כְּלַפֵּי לִפְנִים. אָמַר רִבִּי בָּא. וַאֲפִילוּ תֵימַר. כְּלַפֵּי לַחוּץ. שַׁנְיָיא הִיא הִילּוּךְ בְּזָר וְשַׁנְיָיא הִיא מֵאֵילָיו. אָמַר רִבִּי זְעוּרָה. פְּשִׁיטָא יָד לֹא עָשׂוּ אוֹתָהּ כְּהִילּוּךְ. מַתְנִיתַה פְלִיגָא עַל רִבִּי יַנַּאי. נִשְׁפַּךְ מִן הַכְּלִי עַל הָרִצְפָּה וַאֲסָפוֹ כָּשֵׁר. אָמַר רִבִּי בֵּיבַי. תִּיפְתָּר שֶׁהָיָה מִתְגַּלְגֵּל כְּלַפֵּי לִפְנִים. אָמַר רִבִּי בָּא. וַאֲפִילוּ תֵימַר. כְּלַפֵּי לַחוּץ. שַׁנְיָיה הִיא הִילּוּךְ בְּזָר שַׁנְיָיא הִיא הִילּוּךְ מֵאֵילָיו. אָמַר רִבִּי זְעוּרָה. פְּשִׁיטַת יָד עָשׂוּ אוֹתָהּ כְּהִילּוּךְ. מַתְנִיתַה פְלִיגָא עַל רִבִּי יַנַּאי. נָטַל אֶת הַמַּחְתָּה בִּימִינוֹ וְאֶת הַכַּף בִּשְׂמֹאלוֹ. שַׁנְיָיא הִיא שֶׁאֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לַעֲשׂוֹתוֹ. יִתְלֶה אוֹתוֹ בִזְרוֹעוֹ. אֵינָהּ דֶרֶךְ כְּבוֹד. וְיַחֲלִיף. סָבְרִין מֵימַר. אִם הֶחֱלִיף פָּסוּל. וְיַחְתִּי. אִם הֶחְתִּי מִימִינוֹ לִשְׂמֹאלוֹ כָּשֵׂר. וְאָמַר אוֹף תַּמָּן. וְיַחְתִּי. תַּמָּן אִם הֶחְתִּי פָּסוּל. [אִם הֶחֱלִיף פָּסוּל.] בְּרַם הָכָא אִם הֶחְתִּי כָּשֵׁר. אִם הֶחֱלִיף פָּסוּל.

What is the status of motion by an Non-Cohen? Ḥizqiah said, motion by a Non-Cohen is qualified. Rebbi Yannai said, motion by a Non-Cohen is disqualified. A Mishnah disagrees with Rebbi Yannai: “If he received with his right hand and put it in his left hand, he shall return it to his right hand.” Is his left hand not like a Non-Cohen? Explain it if his left hand was towards the inside. Rebbi Abba said, even if you are saying, towards the outside, there is a difference between motion by a Non-Cohen and one which is automatic. Rebbi Zeˋira said, they did not consider a movement of his hand as motion. A Mishnah disagrees with Rebbi Yannai: “If from the vessel something was spilled on the floor and he collected it, it is qualified.” Rebbi Bevai said, explain it if it was rolling towards the inside. Rebbi Abba said, even if you are saying towards the outside, there is a difference between motion by a Non-Cohen and one which is automatic. Rebbi Zeˋira said, they did consider a movement of his hand as motion. The Mishnah disagrees with Rebbi Yannai: “He took the fire-pan into his right hand and the cup in his left.” There is a difference because he cannot do it otherwise. Should he hang it on his arm? It is not respectful. May he switch? They wanted to say, if he switched it was disqualified. Should he lower it? If he lowered it from his right hand to his left hand it is qualified. Could we say that also there, let him lower it? There if he lowered it it is disqualified. [If he switched it is disqualified.] But here if he lowered it it is qualified; if he switched it is disqualified.

הַכֹּל מוֹדִין שֶׁאִם הִכְנִיסָן אַחַת אַחַת כִּיפֵּר. אֶלָּא שֶׁהוּא עוֹבֵר מִשֵּׁם הַכְנָסָה [יְתֵירָה]. עַל אֵיזֶה מֵהֶן הוּא עוֹבֵר. חֲבֵרַיָיא אָמְרֵי. עַל הָאַחֲרוֹנָה. אָמַר לֹו רִבִּי יוֹסֵי. אוֹמֵר לֹו. הִיכָּנֵס. וְאַתּ אָמַר הָכֵין. אֶלָּא עַל הָרִאשׁוֹנְה. תַּמָּן תַּנִּינָן. הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה אוֹ שֶׁשָּׁהָא כְּדֵי הִשְׁתַּחֲוָיָה. עַל אֵי זוֹ מֵהֶן הוּא עוֹבֵר. חֲבֵרַיָיא אָמְרֵי. עַל הָרִאשׁוֹנְה. אָמַר לֹו רִבִּי יוֹסֵי. אוֹמֵר לֹו. צֵא. וְאַתּ אָמַר הָכֵין. אֶלָּא עַל הָאַחֲרוֹנָה.

Everybody agrees that if he brought them inside one by one, he atoned, but he transgresses because of unnecessary entry. About which one does he transgress? The colleagues say, about the last one. Rebbi Yose said to him, one tells him to enter and you are saying so? But it is about the first one. There, we have stated: “If he prostrated himself, or tarried that he could have prostrated himself, or left on a lengthy path, he is liable.” About which one is he liable? The colleagues say, about the first one. Rebbi Yose said to him, one tells him to leave and you are saying so? But it is about the last one.

וּבֵינֵיהֶן אַמָּה. אָמַר רִבִּי הִילָא. זֵיכֶר לַדָּבָר. כַּהִיא דְתַנִּינָן תַּמָּן. אַמָּה טַרַקְסִין. עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה לְבֵית קוֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים. מָהוּ אַמָּה טַרַקְסִין. רִבִּי יוֹנָה בוֹצְרַיָּיא אָמַר. טִירֶקְסוֹן. מַה מִבִּפְנִים מִבַּחוּץ. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי. מִן מַה דִכְתִיב וְאַרְבָּעִים בָּאַמָּה הָיָה הַבָּיִת הוּא הַהֵיכָל לִפְנָיי. הָדָא אָמְרָה. מִבִּפְנִים. אָמַר לֵיהּ רִבִּי מָנָא. וְהָכְתִיב וַיַּעַשׂ אֶת בֵּית קוֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה. הֲוֵי מִבַּחוּץ. מַה טַעֲמֹון דְּרַבָּנִן. וְהִבְדִּילָה הַפָּרֹכֶת לָכֶם וגו׳. מַה עֲבַד לָהּ רִבִּי יֹסֵי. בֵּין קוֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים שֶׁלְמַעֲלָן לַקֹּדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים שֶׁלְמַטָּן. וְלֵית לְרַבָּנִן כֵּן. אִית לָן כַּהִיא דְּתַנִּינָן. וְרוֹשֶׁם פִסְיפְּסִין מַבְדִּיל בָּעֲלִיָיה בֵּין קוֹדֶשׁ לְבֵין קוֹדֶשׁ הַקָּדָשִׁים.

“With one cubit between them.” Rebbi Hila said, this is hinted at as we have stated there, “One cubit taraqsin, twenty cubits for the building of the Holiest of Holies.” What is “one cubit taraqsin”? Rebbi Jonah from Bostra said, “confusion”, what is inside-outside. Rebbi Yose said, since it is written, forty cubits was the House, that is the inner Temple, it means that it is counted inside. Rebbi Mana said to him, but it is written, he made the building of the Holiest of Holies,…, twenty cubits, it means that it is counted outside. What is the rabbis’ reason? The gobelin shall separate for you, etc.? What does Rebbi Yose do with this Between the Holiest of Holies above and the Holiest of Holies below. Do the rabbis not have this? They have it as we have stated, “the impression of pebbles distinguish above between holy and the Holiest of Holies.”

Mishnah

משנה: הַחִיצוֹנָה פְרוּפָה מִן הַדָּרוֹם וְהַפְּנִימִית מִן הַצָּפוֹן וּמְהַלֵּךְ בֵּינֵיהֶן עַד שֶׁמַּגִּיעַ לַצָּפוֹן. הִגִּיעַ לַצָּפוֹן וְהָפַךְ פָּנָיו לַדָּרוֹם הָלַךְ לִשְׂמֹאלוֹ עִם הַפָּרוֹכֶת עַד שֶׁמַּגִּיעַ לָאָרוֹן הִגִּיעַ לָאָרוֹן נוֹתֵן אֶת הַמַּחְתָּה בֵּין שְׁנֵי הַבַּדִּים צָבַר אֶת הַקְּטוֹרֶת עַל גַּבֵּי גֶחָלִים וְנִתְמַלֵּא הַבַּיִת עָשָׁן. יָצָא וּבָא לוֹ דֶרֶךְ כְּנִיסָתוֹ. מִתְפַּלֵּל תְּפִלָּה קְצָרָה וְלֹא הָיָה מַאֲרִיךְ בִּתְפִלָּתוֹ שֶׁלֹּא לְהַבְעִית אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל:

MISHNAH: The outer one was tied open from South and the inner one from North. He walks between them until he arrives at the North end. When he arrived at the North end he turns his face to the South; he walks with his left along the gobelin until he arrives at the Ark. When he came to the Ark he puts the fire-pan between the two beams, he piles the incense on the coals and the entire House is filled with smoke. He leaves and returns in the way he entered. He prays a short prayer but not prolonging his prayer so as not to frighten Israel.

Halakhah

הלכה: תַּנֵּי. מִן הַמְּנוֹרָה וּלְדָרוֹם הָיָה נִכְנַס. דִּבְרֵי רִבִּי מֵאִיר. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר. מִן הַשּׁוּלְחָן וּלְצָפוֹן הָיָה נִכְנַס. אִית תַּנָּיֵי תַנֵּי. מִמִּזְבֵּחַ הַזָּהָב וְלַמְּנוֹרָה הָיָה נִכְנַס. מְהַלֵּךְ בֵּינֵיהֶן עַד שֶׁהוּא מַגִּיעַ לַצָּפוֹן. דּוֹחֵק הָיָה בָאַצִּילֵי יָדָיו כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יִשָּׁרְפוּ הַפָּרֹכוֹת. הִגִּיעַ לַצָּפוֹן וְהָפַךְ פָּנָיו לַדָּרוֹם. חוֹזֵר הָיָה לַאֲחוֹרָיו כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא נִרְאֶה כְּמַפְסִיעַ בֵּין הַבַּדִּים. כֵּיצַד הוּא עוֹשֶׂה. אָמַר רִבִּי חֲנִינָה. מַנִּיחַ אֶת הַכַּף בָּאָרֶץ וְזוֹרְקְהּ בָּאַוֵּיר וְקוֹלְטָהּ בַמַּחֲתָה. שְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר. בּוֹדְדָהּ בְרַגְלוֹ. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. מְעָרֶה מִתּוֹךְ הַכַּף וְהִיא מְתַמֶּרֶת וְעוֹלָה. וְאַחַר כָּךְ הִיא פוֹסָה וְיוֹרֶדֶת.

HALAKHAH: It was stated: He enters South of the candelabrum, the words of Rebbi Meïr; Rebbi Yose says, he enters North of the Table. Some Tannaim state, he was entering between the golden altar and the candelabrum. He walks between them until he reaches the North. He pushes with his elbows so that the gobelins should not be burned. When he arrives at the North he turns his face to the South. He retraces his steps lest he be seen as striding between the beams. How does he do it? Rebbi Ḥanina said, he puts the bowl on the ground, throws it in the air and catches it with the fire-pan. Samuel said, he pushes it with his hands. Rebbi Joḥanan said, he empties the cup and it rises straight up, then it expands and descends.

יָצָא וּבָא לֹו כְּדֶרֶךְ כְּנִיסָתוֹ. כְּרִבִּי יֹוסֵה. בְּרַם כְּרִבִּי מֵאִיר אֲפִילוּ בָעֵי לָא יְכִיל. לָמָּה. שֶׁלֹּא יִתֵּן אֲחוֹרָיו לַקּוֹדֶשׁ.

“He leaves and returns in the way he entered.” Following Rebbi Yose, but following Rebbi Meïr, even if he wants he cannot do it. Why? Not to have his back turned to the Holiness.

כְּתִיב וַיָּבֹא שְׁלֹמֹה לַבָּמָה אֲשֶׁר בְּגִבְעוֹן יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם. מָה נָן קַיָימִין. אִם מִירוּשָׁלֵם הָיָה בָא. נֵימַר מִירוּשָׁלֵם לַבָּמָה. אִם מִבָּמָה הָיָה בָא. נֵימַר מִבָּמָה לִירוּשָׁלֵם הָיָה בָא. אָמַר רִבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר אֶבְוּדָמָא. לַבָּמָה הָיָה בָא שֶׁלֹּא לִיתֵּן אֲחוֹרָיו לַקּוֹדֶשׁ.

It is written, Solomon came to the high place in Gibeon to Jerusalem. Where do we hold? If he came from Jerusalem, we should say “from Jerusalem to the high place.” If he came from the high place, we should say, “he came from the high place to Jerusalem.” Rebbi Samuel bar Eudaimon said, he came to the high place not to turn his back to the Holiness.

וּמִתְפַּלֵּל תְּפִילָּה קְצָרָה בַבַּיִת הַחִיצוֹן. וְכָךְ הָיְתָה תְפִילָּתוֹ שֶׁלְכֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל בְּיוֹם הַכִּיפּוּרִים בְצֵאתוֹ בְשָׁלוֹם מִן הַקּוֹדֶשׁ. יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּפָנֶיךָ י״י אֱלֹהֵינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ שֶׁלֹּא תֵצֵא עָלֵינוּ גָלוּת לֹא בַיּוֹם הַזֶּה וְלֹא בַשָּׁנָה הַזֹּאת. וְאִם יָצְאָה עָלֵינוּ גָלוּת בַּיּוֹם הַזֶּה אוֹ בַשָּׁנָה הַזֹּאת תְּהָא גָלוּתֵינוּ לְמָקוֹם שֶׁלְתּוֹרָה. יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּפָנֶיךָ י״י אֱלֹהֵינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ שֶׁלֹּא יֵצֵא עָלֵינוּ חִסָּרוֹן לֹא בַיּוֹם הַזֶּה וְלֹא בַשָּׁנָה הַזֹּאת. וְאִם יָצָא עָלֵינוּ חִסָּרוֹן בַּיּוֹם הַזֶּה אוֹ בַשָּׁנָה הַזֹּאת יְהֵא חֶסְרוֹנֵינוּ בְחִסָּרוֹן שֶׁלְמִצְווֹת. [יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּפָנֶיךָ ה׳ אֱלֹקֵינוּ וֵאלֹקֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ שֶׁתְּהֵא הַשָּׁנָה הַזֹּאת שְׁנַת זוֹל. שְׁנַת שׂוֹבַע. שְׁנַת מַשָּׂא וּמַתָּן. שְׁנַת גְּשׁוּמָה וּשְׁחוּנָה וּטְלוּלָה. וְשֶׁלֹּא יִצְטָרְכוּ עַמְּךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל אֵלּוּ לָאֵלּוּ. וְאַל תִּפְנֵה לִתְפִילַּת יוֹצְאֵי דְרָכִים. רַבָּנִן דְּקַסָרִין אָמְרִין. וְעַל עַמְּךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁלֹּא יִגְבְּהוּ שְׂרָרָה זוּ עַל גַּב זוּ]. וְעַל אַנְשֵׁי הַשָּׁרוֹן הָיָה אוֹמֵר. יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּפָנֶיךָ י״י אֱלֹהֵינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵינוּ שֶׁלֹּא יֵעָשׂוּ בָתֵּיהֶן קִבְרֵיהֶן.

“He prays a short prayer.” And this was the High Priest’s prayer on the Day of Atonement when he left the Holiness in peace: “May it be the will before You, Eternal our God and God of our fathers, that there shall be no exile decreed over us, not today and not this year. But if exile was decreed over us today or this year that our exile be at a place of Torah. May it be the will before You, Eternal our God and God of our fathers, that there shall be no loss decreed over us, not today and not this year. But if loss was decreed over us today or this year that it be loss for good deeds. [May it be the will before You, Eternal our God and God of our fathers, that this year be a year of cheapness, a year of satiety, a year of trade, a year of rains, sunshine, and dew, and that your people Israel should not need one another, and do not turn to the prayer of travellers. The rabbis of Caesarea are saying, and on your people Israel that they not erect dominion one over the other.] And for the people of Sharon he was saying, may it be the will before You, Eternal our God and God of our fathers, that their houses not turn into their graves”.

וְלֹא הָיָה מַאֲרִיךְ שֶׁלֹּא לְהַבְעִית אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל. מַעֲשֶׁה בְאֶחָד שֶׁהֶאֱרִיךְ וְגָמְרוּ לְהִיכָּנֵס אַחֲרָיו. אָמְרוּ. שִׁמְעוֹן הַצַּדִּיק הָיָה. אָמְרוּ לוֹ. לָמָּה הֶאֱרַכְתָּה. אָמַר לָהֶן. מִתְפַּלֵּל הָיִיתִי עַל מִקְדַּשׁ אֱלֹהֵיכֶם שֶׁלֹּא יֵיחָרֵב. אָמְרוּ לוֹ. אַף עַל פִּי כֵן לֹא הָיִיתָ צָרִיךְ לְהַאֲרִיךְ.

“He was not prolonging his prayer not to frighten Israel.” It happened that one prolonged and they decided to enter after him. One said, it was Simeon the Just. They said to him, why did you prolong? He answered them, I was praying for the Sanctuary of your God that it should not be destroyed. They said to him, nevertheless, you should not have prolonged.

אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה שִׁימֵּשׁ שִׁמְעוֹן הַצַּדִּיק אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל בִּכְהוּנָּה גְדוֹלָה. וּבַשָּׁנָה הָאַחֲרוֹנָה אָמַר לָהֶן. בַּשָּׁנָה הַזֹּאת אֲנִי מֵת. אָמְרוּ לוֹ. מֵאֵיכַן אַתָּה יוֹדֵעַ. אָמַר לָהֶן. כָּל שָׁנָה וְשָׁנָה שֶׁהָיִיתִי נִכְנָס לְבֵית קוֹדֶשׁ הַקָּדָשִׁים הָיָה זָקֵן אֶחָד לְבוּשׁ לְבָנִים וְעָטוּף לְבָנִים נִכְנָס עִמִּי וְיוֹצֵא עָמִּי. וּבַשָּׁנָה הַזּוֹ נִכְנָס עִמִּי וְלֹא יָצָא עִמִּי. בְּעוֹן קוֹמֵי רִבִּי אַבָּהוּ. וְהָכְתִיב וְכָל אָדָם לֹא יִהְיֶה בְּאֹהֶל מוֹעֵד בְּבֹאוֹ לְכַפֵּר בַּקּוֹדֶשׁ עַד צֵאתוֹ. אֲפִילוּ אוֹתָן שֶׁכָּתוּב בָּהֶן וּדְמוּת פְּנֵיהֶם פְּנֵי אָדָם לֹא יִהְיוּ בְּאֹהֶל מוֹעֵד. אָמַר לוֹן. מַה אֲמַר לִי דַהֲוָה בַּר נַשׁ. אֲנִי אוֹמֵר. הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא הָיָה.

Simeon the Just served Israel as High Priest for forty years, and in the last year he told them, in this year I am going to die. They asked him, from where do you know? He said to them, every year when I entered the Holiest of Holies, an old man dressed in white and his head wrapped in white entered with me and left with me. But this year he entered with me but did not leave with me. They asked before Rebbi Abbahu: Is it not written, nobody shall be in the Tent of Meeting during his coming to atone in the sanctuary until he leaves, not even those about whom it is written, the shapes of their faces are human shapes shall not be in the Tent of Meeting? He answered them, who tells me that it was a person? I am saying that it was the Holy One, praise to Him.