יורה דעה צ״בYoreh De'ah 92

Se’if 4ד׳

לֹא אָמְרוּ חֲתִיכָה עַצְמָהּ נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה, אֶלָּא בְּבָשָׂר בְּחָלָב אֲבָל לֹא בִּשְׁאָר אִסוּרִים. כְּגוֹן כַּזַּיִת חֵלֶב שֶׁנִּבְלַע בַּחֲתִיכָה, וְאֵין בָּהּ שִׁשִּׁים לְבַטְּלוֹ, וְנֶאֶסְרָה, וְאַחַר כָּךְ בִּשְּׁלָהּ עִם אֲחֵרוֹת, אֵין צָרִיךְ אֶלָּא שִׁשִּׁים כְּדֵי כַּזַּיִת חֵלֶב, וְאָז אֲפִלּוּ חֲתִיכָה עַצְמָהּ חוֹזֶרֶת לִהְיוֹת מֻתֶּרֶת. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דְּאָמְרִינַן בְּכָל הָאִסּוּרִים חֲתִיכָה נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה (תוס' וּסְמַ"ק וּסְמַ"ג וּמָרְדְּכַי וְהָאַחֲרוֹנִים). וְכֵן הַמִּנְהָג פָּשׁוּט, וְאֵין לְשַׁנּוֹת. וְדַוְקָא אִם הָאִסּוּר דָּבוּק בַּחֲתִיכַת הֶתֵּר, אוֹ שֶׁהַחֲתִיכָה כֻּלָּהּ חוּץ לָרֹטֶב וְנָפַל עָלֶיהָ אִסּוּר, אֲבָל אִם מִקְצָת הַחֲתִיכָה תּוֹךְ הָרֹטֶב, וְאֵין הָאִסּוּר דָּבוּק בּוֹ, לֹא אָמְרִינָן חֲתִיכָה נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה וּמִצְטָרֵף כָּל הַקְּדֵרָה לְבַטֵּל הָאִסּוּר. וּמִכָּל מָקוֹם יֵשׁ לְהַחֲמִיר לֶאֱסֹר אוֹתָהּ חֲתִיכָה (אָרֹךְ כְּלָל כ"ח). וְכָל זֶה בִּשְׁאָר אִסּוּרִים, אֲבָל בְּבָשָׂר בְּחָלָב, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין הָאִסּוּר דָּבוּק, וּמִקְצָת הַחֲתִיכָה תּוֹךְ הָרֹטֶב, אָמְרִינָן חֲתִיכָה נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה. יֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דְּלָא אָמְרִינָן חֲתִיכָה נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה אִם נִתְעָרֵב אִסּוּר לַח בְּהֶתֵּר לַח, וְאַחַר כָּךְ נִתְעָרֵב הַכֹּל בְּהֶתֵּר אַחֵר, וְאֵין צְרִיכִים רַק שִׁשִּׁים נֶגֶד הָאִסּוּר שֶׁנָּפַל (מָרְדְּכַי פכ"ה וְרַשְׁבָּ"א ור"ן בְּשֵׁם רַאֲבָ"ד). וְיֵשׁ לִסְמֹךְ עַל זֶה בִּשְׁאָר אִסּוּרִים, לְצֹרֶךְ הֶפְסֵד גָּדוֹל, אֲבָל לֹא בְּבָשָׂר וְחָלָב. וְאִם נִתְעָרֵב יָבֵשׁ בְּיָבֵשׁ, לֹא אָמְרִינָן בְּשׁוּם אִסּוּר חֲתִיכָה נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה. וְע"ל סִימָן צ"ט (ובש"ךְ ס"ק ט"ו) מִדִּין חֲתִיכָה נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה. כְּלִי הַנֶּאֱסָר מִבְּלִיעַת אִסּוּר, לֹא אָמְרִינָן בֵּיהּ חֲתִיכָה נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה, וְלֹא בָּעֵינָן ס' רַק נֶגֶד הָאִסּוּר שֶׁבָּלַע (מָרְדְּכַי פג"ה) וְע"ל סִימָן צ"ח.

We only say the rule of "the piece itself becomes just as forbidden as a neveila" by milk and meat, but not by other prohibitions, like an olive's bulk of forbidden fat that was absorbed by a piece of meat, and there isn't sixty times [the meat] to nullify [the fat], and it becomes forbidden, and afterwards it was cooked with other meat we only require [the new total] to have sixty times the olive bulk of the fat, and if so, then even the [original] piece of meat itself returns to become permitted. Rema: And there are those that say that we apply to all prohibitions the rule of "the piece becomes just as forbidden as a neveila", and this is the regular custom and it should not be changed. And this is precisely if the forbidden item is attached to the permitted piece of meat, or if the piece of meat is entirely outside of the sauce and the forbidden item fell onto it. But, if part of the piece of meat is inside the sauce and the prohibitted item is not attached to it, we do not say "the piece of meat becomes just as forbidden as a neveila" and the entire pot would combine [to sixty times the forbidden] to nullify the forbidden item. Nevertheless, there is what to be stringent about and to forbid that piece of meat. And all of this is regarding other prohibitions, but by milk and meat, even though there is no forbidden item attached and part of the piece of meat is inside the sauce, we say that "the piece becomes just as forbidden as a neveila". There are those that say that we don't say "the piece becomes just as forbidden as a neveila" if a forbidden liquid became mixed with a permitted liquid, and afterwards the entire thing became mixed with another permitted item; and we would only require sixty times against the [original] forbidden [liquid] that fell [in order to nullify the forbidden part of the mixture]. And there are those that rely on this in other prohibitions if it's needed in a case of great loss, but not by milk and meat. And if a dry item became mixed with a dry item, we don't say by any prohibition that "the piece becomes just as forbidden as a neveila". And see above in chapter 99 according to the law of "the piece becomes just as forbidden as a neveila". A vessel that became forbidden by absorbing a forbidden item, we do not say by it that "the piece becomes just as forbidden as a neveila", and we only need sixty times against the prohibitted item that was absorbed [in order to nullify it], and see above in chapter 98.

Se’if 5ה׳

טִפַּת חָלָב שֶׁנָּפְלָה עַל הַקְּדֵרָה שֶׁאֵצֶל הָאֵשׁ מִבַּחוּץ, אִם נָפְלָה כְּנֶגֶד הַתַּבְשִׁיל אֵין צָרִיךְ אֶלָּא שִׁשִּׁים כְּנֶגֶד הַטִּפָּה שֶּׁמְּפַעְפַּעַת לְפָנִים, וְהָוֵי כְּאִלּוּ נָפְלָה בַּתַּבְשִׁיל. וְאִם נָפְלָה בַּמָּקוֹם הָרֵיקָן, וְהִיא מְפַעְפַּעַת בְּדֹפֶן הַקְּדֵרָה עַד סָמוּךְ לָרֹטֶב כָּל כָּךְ שֶׁאֵין ס' כְּנֶגֶד הַטִּפָּה, הֲרֵי נֶאֱסָר אוֹתוֹ מְקוֹם הַקְּדֵרָה, וְאִם יְעָרֶה הַתַּבְשִׁיל דֶּרֶךְ מְקוֹם הַקְּדֵרָה שֶׁנֶּאֱסַר, הֲרֵי יֶאֱסֹר הַתַּבְשִׁיל. וְזֶה תַּקָּנָתוֹ: שֶׁיַּנִּיחֶנָּה כָּךְ, וְלֹא יִגַּע בָּהּ עַד שֶׁתִּצְטַנֵּן. הַגָּה: וְדַוְקָא אִם הַקְּדֵרָה יְשָׁנָה. אֲבָל אִם הִיא חֲדָשָׁה, בְּכָל עִנְיָן אֵין צָרִיךְ ס' רַק נֶגֶד הַטִּפָּה שֶׁנָּפְלָה עָלֶיהָ, כְּדִלְקַמָּן סִימָן צ"ח גַּבֵּי כַּף.

A drop of milk that falls on the outside of a pot that is on the fire, if [the drop] falls opposite the food [in the pot] one only needs [the amount of food in the pot to be] 60 times [the amount of milk] in the drop that was absorbed within [the walls of the pot], this is as if [the drop] fell into the food [itself]. But if [the drop] fell [opposite] a place [in the pot] where there is no food, it spreads out within the walls of the pot until it is next to the food such that there is not 60 times against the drop, that spot on the pot is prohibited, and if one stirs against the prohibited spot on the pot, the food is prohibited. This is how to fix it: do not touch it until it has cooled off. [Isserles:] This applies specifically to an old pot [one that has been used within the last 24 hours]. If [the pot] is new [has not been used within the last 24 hours], in any case one needs 60 times only against the drop that fell on it, as it says later in section 98, concerning the spoon.