יורה דעה נ״וYoreh De'ah 56

Siman 56 of 402 in Yoreh De'ah — 10 se'ifim

הלכות טריפותUnslaughterable Animals· siman 56

Se’if 1א׳

נִטְּלוּ צֹמֶת הַגִּידִין (פי' מָקוֹם שֶׁהַגִּידִין נִקְשָׁרִים יַחַד, לְשׁוֹן מִבַּעַד לְצַמָּתֵךְ (שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים ד, א) ) אוֹ שֶׁנִּפְסְקוּ, טְרֵפָה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁכָּל הָעֶצֶם קַיָּם.

If the junction of the sinews, the tzomet ha-gidin (that is, the place where the sinews are bound together, in the language of "from behind your veil" (Song of Songs 4:1)), was removed, or if they were severed, it is a tereifah (an animal with a fatal defect), even though the whole of the bone stands.

Se’if 2ב׳

צֹמֶת הַגִּידִין הֵם בַּבְּהֵמָה בָּעֶצֶם הָאֶמְצָעִי כְּלַפֵּי חוּץ שֶׁהַזָּנָב נוֹפֵל עָלָיו, וְיֵשׁ מִי שֶׁאוֹמֵר שֶׁהֵם כְּלַפֵּי פְּנִים לְצַד חֲלַל הַבְּהֵמָה. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ לְהַחְמִיר כִּשְׁתֵּי הַסְּבָרוֹת (בֵּית יוֹסֵף בְּשֵׁם ר"י בֵּן חָבִיב וְכֵן פָּסַק מהר"מ אֶלְשַׁקָר תשו' מ"ה), אֲבָל הַסְּבָרָא רִאשׁוֹנָה הִיא עִקָּר (וְהִיא סְבָרַת תוס' וְרַשִׁ"י וְהָרֹא"שׁ וּגְדוֹלֵי צָרְפַת וְאַשְׁכְּנַז).

The tzomet ha-gidin are, in an animal, on the middle bone, on the outer side, upon which the tail falls; and there is one who says that they are on the inner side, toward the cavity of the animal. Hagah [Rema]: And one is to be stringent according to both of the reasonings (Beit Yosef in the name of Rabbi Yosef ben Chaviv, and so the Maharam Alashkar ruled, responsum 45); but the first reasoning is the main one (and it is the reasoning of Tosafot and Rashi and the Rosh and the great ones of France and Ashkenaz).

Se’if 3ג׳

הַתְחָלָתָם לְמַעְלָה מֵהָעַרְקוּם, וְהוּא עֶצֶם קָטָן שֶׁמְּחַבֵּר הַשּׁוֹק לָאַרְכֻּבָּה הַנִּמְכֶּרֶת עִם הָרֹאשׁ, וְעֶצֶם זֶה שֶׁמְּשַׂחֲקִים בּוֹ הַתִּינוֹקוֹת שֶׁקּוֹרִין קוגי"ל, וּלְמַעְלָה מִמֶּנּוּ מִתְחַבְּרִים וְצוֹמְתִים גִּידִים אֵלּוּ, וְעוֹלִים וּמִתְפַּשְּׁטִים בַּשּׁוֹק עַד שֶׁמִּתְרַכְּכִים וְחוֹזְרִים כְּעֵין בָּשָׂר.

Their beginning is above the arkum, which is a small bone that joins the shank to the knee-joint that is sold together with the head; and this is the bone that the children play with, which they call kugil. And above it these sinews come together and are bound, and they rise and spread out in the shank until they soften and turn into something like flesh.

Se’if 4ד׳

נִפְסְקוּ אוֹ נִטְּלוּ כְּנֶגֶד הָעַרְקוּם, כְּשֵׁרָה. לְמַעְלָה מֵהָעַרְקוּם, וְהוּא הַמָּקוֹם שֶׁהַטַּבָּחִים תּוֹלִין בּוֹ, טְרֵפָה.

If they were severed or removed over against the arkum, it is fit. Above the arkum, which is the place where the butchers hang it up, it is a tereifah.

Se’if 5ה׳

שִׁעוּר אָרְכָּן מִמָּקוֹם שֶׁמַּתְחִילִין לִהְיוֹת צוֹמְתִים עַד שֶׁמִּתְפַּשְּׁטִים בַּבָּשָׂר, בִּבְהֵמָה גַּסָה י"ו אֶצְבָּעוֹת וְיֵשׁ מִי שֶׁאוֹמֵר, שֶׁהוּא שִׁעוּר ד' אֶצְבָּעוֹת. וּבִבְהֵמָה דַּקָּה לֹא נָתְנוּ חֲכָמִים שִׁעוּר, אֶלָּא בְּמַרְאִיתָן וּבְמִשּׁוּשׁ, שֶׁכָּל זְמַן שֶׁהֵם לְבָנִים, קָשִׁים וְעָבִים, יֵשׁ לָהֶם דִּין צֹמֶת הַגִּידִין, אֲבָל כְּשֶׁהֵם מַתְחִילִים לְהִתְרַכֵּךְ אוֹ שֶׁהֵם קְטַנִּים וְדַקִּים, אֵין לָהֶם דִּין צֹמֶת הַגִּידִים. וּבְמָקוֹם שֶׁאֵין לְבָנִים כָּל כָּךְ, אֶלָּא לְבָנִים קְצָת וּמַזְהִירִים כְּעֵין זְכוּכִית, לֹא הָוֵי צֹמֶת הַגִּידִים.

The measure of their length, from the place where they begin to be bound until they spread out into the flesh, is in a large animal sixteen fingerbreadths; and there is one who says that it is a measure of four fingerbreadths. And in a small animal the Sages did not give a measure, but rather by their appearance and by handling: for so long as they are white, hard and thick, they have the law of tzomet ha-gidin; but when they begin to soften, or where they are small and thin, they do not have the law of tzomet ha-gidin. And in a place where they are not so white, but only somewhat white and shining like glass, it is not tzomet ha-gidin.

…and 5 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh De'ah — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English rendered from the Hebrew for this app — The Gematria's own rendering program. A rendering of the words, not a ruling; practical halacha is learned with a rav