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The Shulchan Aruch · Yoreh De'ah

יורה דעה ר״פYoreh De'ah 280

Siman 280 of 402 in Yoreh De'ah — 2 se'ifim

הלכות ספר תורהA Torah Scroll· siman 280

Se’if 1א׳

סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה שֶׁנִּקְרְעָה בּוֹ יְרִיעָה בְּתוֹךְ שְׁנֵי שִׁיטוֹת, יִתְפֹּר. בְּתוֹךְ ג', לֹא יִתְפֹּר. בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים, בְּיָשָׁן שֶׁאֵין עִפּוּצוֹ נִכָּר. וְאִם נִכָּר הַגְּוִיל שֶׁהוּא עָפוּץ, תּוֹפֵר אֲפִלּוּ קֶרַע הַבָּא בְּתוֹךְ ג'. אֲבָל לֹא יוֹתֵר (ריב"ש). וְכֵן בֵּין דַּף לְדַף וּבֵין תֵּבָה לְתֵבָה, יִתְפֹּר. וְכָל הַקְּרִיעוֹת אֵין תּוֹפְרִין אוֹתָם אֶלָּא בַּגִּידִים שֶׁתּוֹפְרִין בָּהֶם הַיְרִיעוֹת זוֹ לָזוֹ. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים שֶׁנּוֹהֲגִין לְתָפְרָם בְּמֶשִׁי (ת"ה סי' נ"א וְהָרֹא"שׁ כְּלָל ג' וסה"ת). וְכֵן נוֹהֲגִין הָאִדָּנָא, אֲבָל הָעִקָּר לְתָפְרָם בְּגִידִין, אִם אֶפְשָׁר (ש"ס וּפוֹסְקִים וריב"ש). וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דְּמֻתָּר לְדַבֵּק עָלָיו קְלָף מִבַּחוּץ, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁמֻּתָּר לְתָפְרָם, וּלְדַבֵּק הַקְּרִיעָה עַל יְדֵי כָּךְ (שָׁם סי' ל"א). וְכֵן אִם נֶחְסַר דָּבָר, כּוֹתְבִין עַל הַקְּלָף הַדָּבוּק (מהרי"ק שֹׁרֶשׁ קכ"ב), וְכֵן נָהֲגוּ וְעַיֵּן לְקַמָּן סִימָן ר"ץ. וּבְכָל הַקְּרָעִים יִזָּהֵר שֶׁלֹּא תֶּחְסַר אוֹת אַחַת אוֹ תִּשְׁתַּנֶה צוּרָתָהּ אוֹ תֵּחָלֵק. הַגָּה: וְאִם נֶחְלַק שׁוּם אוֹת עַל יְדֵי הַקְּרִיעָה, פְּסוּלָה, וְלֹא מְהָנֵי מַה שֶׁמְּדַבְּקוֹ מֵאֲחוֹרָיו (שָׁם). וְכֵן יִזָּהֵר שֶׁלֹּא יִתְחַב הַמַּחַט תּוֹךְ הַכְּתָב, אֶלָּא חוּץ לַכְּתָב.

A Torah scroll in which a sheet tore: within two lines, it shall be sewn; within three, it shall not be sewn. In what case are these words said? In an old one whose tanning is not recognisable; but if the gevil (hide prepared whole) is recognisably tanned, he sews even a tear that comes within three — but no more (Rivash). And likewise between column and column and between word and word, it shall be sewn. And all the tears — they sew them only with sinews, with which they sew the sheets one to another. Hagah [Rema]: And there are those who say that they are accustomed to sew them with silk (Terumat haDeshen, siman 51, and the Rosh, klal 3, and Sefer haTerumah). And so they are accustomed nowadays; but the principal thing is to sew them with sinews, if it is possible (the Talmud and the poskim, and Rivash). And there are those who say that it is permitted to paste klaf (the inner layer of the split hide) over it on the outside, wherever it is permitted to sew them, and to join the tear by that means (there, siman 31). And likewise if something was missing, they write on the pasted klaf (Maharik, shoresh 122), and so they are accustomed; and see below, siman 290. And in all the tears he shall be careful that not one letter be missing, or its form changed, or divided. Hagah [Rema]: And if some letter was divided by the tear, it is unfit, and it does not help that he pastes it from behind (there). And likewise he shall be careful that the needle is not thrust into the writing, but outside the writing.

Se’if 2ב׳

סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה שֶׁבָּלוּ מִמֶּנּוּ יְרִיעוֹת וּבָא לְהַחְלִיפָם, אֲפִלּוּ לֹא בָּלוּ מִמֶּנּוּ אֶלָּא אַחַת אוֹ שְׁתַּיִם, צָרִיךְ לְהַחֲלִיף שָׁלֹשׁ, לְפִי שֶׁאִי אֶפְשָׁר שֶׁיִּהְיוּ אוֹתָם שֶׁמַּחֲלִיף דּוֹמוֹת לְגַמְרֵי לַאֲחֵרוֹת וּלְכָךְ צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּהְיוּ לְפָחוֹת שְׁלֹשָׁה דּוֹמוֹת.

A Torah scroll of which sheets wore out, and he comes to replace them: even if only one or two of it wore out, he must replace three; because it is impossible that those he replaces should be entirely like the others, and therefore there must be at least three alike.

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Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh De'ah — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English rendered from the Hebrew for this app — The Gematria's own rendering program. A rendering of the words, not a ruling; practical halacha is learned with a rav