יורה דעה כ״בYoreh De'ah 22

Se’if 1א׳

בְּעוֹף צָרִיךְ לִשְׁחֹט הַוְּרִידִין (פי' חוּטִים שֶׁמֵּהֶן יוֹצֵא הַדָּם וינ"י בלע"ז), אוֹ לְנַקְּבָם בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁהוּא מְפַרְכֵּס שֶׁעֲדַיִן הַדָּם חַם, כְּדֵי שֶׁיֵּצֵא וְלֹא יִתְקָּרֵר בְּתוֹכוֹ; וְאִם לֹא עָשָׂה כֵן, לֹא יִצְּלֶנּוּ שָׁלֵם, וְאִם צְלָאוֹ שָׁלֵם, יַשְׁלִיךְ הַוְּרִידִין וְיַחְתֹּךְ סְבִיבָם כְּדֵי נְטִילָה, שֶׁהוּא כְּעֹבִי אֶצְבַּע. הַגָּה: וְאִם נִמְלַח כָּךְ, מְסִירִין אַחַר כָּךְ הַחוּטִין וְשָׁרֵי (ועי' ס"ק ו') ; וְיֵשׁ מַחֲמִירִים לִקְלֹף סְבִיב הַחוּטִין (אָגוּר בְּשֵׁם מהר"י מוּלִין) ; וְאִם בִּשְּׁלוֹ שָׁלֵם, מְחַטֵּט וּמְנַקֵּר הַחוּטִים; וְהַשְּׁאָר, אִם יֵשׁ בְּכָל מַה שֶׁבַּקְּדֵרָה כְּדֵי לְבַטֵּל הַדָּם שֶׁבְּכָל הַחוּטִין בס', מֻתָּר. הַגָּה: וְאִם הֵסִירוּ הָרֹאשׁ מִמֶּנּוּ, לֹא מִקְרֵי שָׁלֵם (מָרְדְּכַי וְהַגָּהוֹת אֲשֵׁרִ"י וְאָגוּר וּתְשׁוּבַת מַהֲרִי"ל סִימָן נ"ז ע"ש) ; וְלָכֵן נָהֲגוּ לַהֲסִירוֹ מִן הָעוֹפוֹת הַשְּׁלֵמוֹת; וְעַיֵּן לְקַמָּן סִימָן ע"ו אִם לֹא נִשְׁחֲטוּ הַוְּרִידִין.

In a bird one must cut the veins (that is, threads from which the blood comes out, and vini in the vernacular), or pierce them at the hour when it is convulsing, while the blood is still warm, so that it may come out and not grow cold within it; and if he did not do so, he shall not roast it whole; and if he roasted it whole, he shall throw away the veins and cut around them the measure of removal, which is the thickness of a finger. Hagah [Rema]: And if it was salted thus, they remove the threads afterwards and it is permitted (and see se'if katan 6); and there are those who are stringent, to peel away around the threads (Agur in the name of Mahari Mulin); and if he cooked it whole, he digs out and picks out the threads; and as for the rest, if there is in all that is in the pot enough to nullify in sixty the blood that is in all the threads, it is permitted. Hagah [Rema]: And if they removed the head from it, it is not called whole (Mordechai and Hagahot Asheri and Agur and a responsum of the Maharil, siman 57, see there); and therefore they have the practice to remove it from whole birds; and see below, siman 76, as to a case where the veins were not cut.

Se’if 2ב׳

הַבְּהֵמָה אֵין צָרִיךְ לִנְקֹב הַוְּרִידִין בִּשְׁעַת שְׁחִיטָה, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאֵין דֶּרֶךְ לִצְלוֹתָהּ שְׁלֵמָה; אֲבָל אִם רוֹצֶה לִצְלוֹתָהּ שְׁלֵמָה, צָרִיךְ לִנְקֹב וְרִידֶיהָ בִּשְׁעַת שְׁחִיטָה; וְאִם לֹא נִקְּבָם, אָסוּר לִצְלוֹתָהּ אוֹ לְבַשְּׁלָהּ שְׁלֵמָה. הַגָּה: וְאִם צְלָאָהּ אוֹ בִּשְּׁלָהּ שְׁלֵמָה, דִּינָהּ כְּמוֹ בְּעוֹף (בֵּית יוֹסֵף לְדַעַת כַּמָּה פּוֹסְקִים). וּסְתָם עוֹף נִשְׁחֲטוּ הַוְּרִידִין, וּסְתָם בְּהֵמָה לֹא נִשְׁחֲטוּ. וְכָל זֶה כְּשֶׁיָּצָא דָּם בִּשְׁעַת שְׁחִיטָה, אֲבָל אִם לֹא יָצָא דָּם, אֵין חוֹשְׁשִׁין לִשְׁחִיטַת הַוְּרִידִין, דְּהָא לֹא נִתְעוֹרֵר הַדָּם לָצֵאת (ר"ן פ' הַשּׁוֹחֵט בְּשֵׁם רַשְׁבָּ"א וְהוּא בְּמִשְׁמֶרֶת הַבַּיִת דַּף כ').

As for an animal, one need not pierce the veins at the time of the slaughter, because it is not the way to roast it whole; but if he wishes to roast it whole, he must pierce its veins at the time of the slaughter; and if he did not pierce them, it is forbidden to roast it or to cook it whole. Hagah [Rema]: And if he roasted it or cooked it whole, its law is as in a bird (Beit Yosef, according to the opinion of several poskim). And in an unspecified bird the veins were cut, and in an unspecified animal they were not cut. And all this is where blood came out at the time of the slaughter; but if no blood came out, we are not concerned for the cutting of the veins, since the blood was not stirred to come out (Ran, chapter "One who slaughters", in the name of the Rashba, and it is in Mishmeret haBayit, daf 20).