יורה דעה קע״הYoreh De'ah 175

Siman 175 of 402 in Yoreh De'ah — 8 se'ifim

Se’if 1א׳

אֵין פּוֹסְקִין עַל הַפֵּרוֹת. עַל שַׁעַר שֶׁל עֲיָרוֹת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאֵינוֹ קָבוּעַ. אֲבָל פּוֹסְקִים עַל שַׁעַר שֶׁבַּמְּדִינָה, שֶׁהוּא קָבוּעַ. וּמִשֶּׁיָּצָא הַשַּׁעַר שֶׁל מְדִינָה מֻתָּר לְהַקְדִּים מָעוֹת לַחֲבֵרוֹ וְלִפְסֹק עִמּוֹ שֶׁיִּתֵּן לוֹ אוֹתָם פֵּרוֹת כָּל הַשָּׁנָה כְּשִׁעוּר מְעוֹתָיו כְּפִי אוֹתוֹ הַשַּׁעַר, אֲפִלּוּ אִם יִתְיַקְּרוּ וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם אֵין לַמּוֹכֵר פֵּרוֹת. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דְּפוֹסְקִין עַל שַׁעַר שֶׁל עֲיָרוֹת (תּוֹסָפוֹת וְהָרֹא"שׁ וְטוּר וְהַג"א). וְיֵשׁ לְהָקֵל בְּאִסּוּר דְּרַבָּנָן (ד"ע).

They do not contract for produce at the rate of the towns, because it is not fixed; but they do contract at the rate that is in the province, for that is fixed. And from the time that the rate of the province has come out, it is permitted to pay money in advance to his fellow and to contract with him that he shall give him that produce all the year, according to the measure of his money, at that rate — even if they become dearer, and even if the seller has no produce. Hagah [Rema]: And there are those who say that they do contract at the rate of the towns (the Tosafot and the Rosh and the Tur and Hagahot Asheri). And there is ground to be lenient in a prohibition that is by rabbinic law (his own opinion).

Se’if 2ב׳

הָיוּ הַחֲדָשׁוֹת בַּמְּדִינָה ד' סְאִין בְּסֶלַע וִישָׁנוֹת שְׁלֹשָׁה בְּסֶלַע, אֵין פּוֹסְקִין עַל שֶׁיָּצָא הַשַּׁעַר לֶחָדָשׁ וְלַיָּשָׁן.

If the new wheat in the province was four se'ah for a sela and the old three for a sela, they do not contract until the rate has come out for the new and for the old.

Se’if 3ג׳

הָיוּ חִטִּין שֶׁל לָקוֹטוֹת (פֵּרוּשׁ עֲנִיִּים הַמְלַקְטִין לֶקֶט שִׁכְחָה וּפֵאָה) ד' סְאִין בְּסֶלַע וְשֶׁל בַּעַל הַבַּיִת ג', פּוֹסֵק לַלָּקוֹטוֹת כְּשַׁעַר הַלָּקוֹטוֹת. וְלֹא יִפְסֹק לְבַעַל הַבַּיִת עַד שֶׁיִּקָבַּע הַשַּׁעַר לְבַעַל הַבַּיִת.

If the wheat of the gleaners (that is, the poor who glean the gleanings, the forgotten sheaf and the corner of the field) was four se'ah for a sela and that of the householder three, he contracts with the gleaners at the rate of the gleaners; and he does not contract with the householder until the rate for the householder is fixed.

Se’if 4ד׳

אִם הָיָה לַמּוֹכֵר מֵאוֹתוֹ הַמִּין, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעֲדַיִן לֹא נִגְמְרָה מְלַאכְתּוֹ, מֻתָּר לִפְסֹק עָלָיו עַד כְּדֵי הַשִּׁעוּר שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעֲדַיִן לֹא יָצָא הַשַּׁעַר. וְהוּא שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא מְחֻסָר אֶלָּא מְלָאכָה אַחַת אוֹ שְׁתַּיִם, אֲבָל אִם מְחֻסָר שְׁלֹשָׁה מְלָאכוֹת, אָסוּר.

If the seller had of that kind, even though its work has not yet been finished, it is permitted to contract upon it up to the measure that he has, even though the rate has not yet come out. And that is where it lacks only one work or two; but if it lacks three works, it is forbidden.

Se’if 5ה׳

הַפּוֹסֵק עַל הַשַּׁעַר צָרִיךְ שֶׁלֹּא יַרְוִיחַ בַּדָּבָר כְּלוּם, כְּגוֹן שֶׁאִם מִנְהָג שֶׁהַלּוֹקֵחַ נוֹתֵן שְׂכַר הַסַרְסוּר צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּתֵּן הוּא, וְצָרִיךְ שֶׁיְּנַכֶּה לַמּוֹכֵר הַחִסָרוֹן שֶׁרְאוּיִין לְהִתְחַסֵר לְפִי הַמִּדָּה וּלְפִי הַזְּמַן.

One who contracts at the rate must not profit in the matter at all — such as, that if the custom is that the buyer gives the broker's hire, he must give it himself; and he must deduct for the seller the shortfall that they are apt to lose, according to the measure and according to the time.

…and 3 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh De'ah — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English rendered from the Hebrew for this app — The Gematria's own rendering program. A rendering of the words, not a ruling; practical halacha is learned with a rav