יורה דעה קס״חYoreh De'ah 168

Se’if 1א׳

יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁלָּוָה מָעוֹת מֵעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים בְּרִבִּית, וּבִקֵּשׁ לְהַחֲזִירָם לוֹ, וְאָמַר לוֹ חֲבֵרוֹ: תְּנֵם לִי וַאֲנִי אַעֲלֶה לוֹ כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁאַתָּה מַעֲלֶה לוֹ, אָסוּר. וַאֲפִלּוּ כָּתַב יִשְׂרָאֵל שֵׁנִי שְׁטָר בִּשְׁמוֹ לְעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים, וְנָתַן מַשְׁכּוֹנוֹת וְגַם נָתַן הָרִבִּית לָעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים, אָסוּר. וְכָל מַה שֶּׁנָּתַן לָעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים מַפְקִינָן מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל רִאשׁוֹן, דְּהָוֵי רִבִּית קְצוּצָה. (בֵּית יוֹסֵף בְּשֵׁם תְּשׁוּבַת הָרֹא"שׁ כְּלָל ק"ח וכ"מ בַּטּוּר וּבַּפּוֹסְקִים). וְהוּא הַדִּין אִם הַיִּשְׂרָאֵל הָיָה חַיָּב מָעוֹת בְּלֹא רִבִּית, יֵשׁ לוֹ דִּין זֶה. וַאֲפִלּוּ הֶעֱמִידוֹ אֵצֶל הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וְאָמַר לוֹ הָעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים: תְּנֵם לְיִשְׂרָאֵל זֶה וְהִפָּטֵר, וַאֲנִי אַתְנֶה עִמּוֹ שֶׁיִּתֵּן לִי קֶרֶן וְרִבִּית, אָסוּר.

An Israelite who borrowed money from an idolater (oved kokhavim — the standing term for a gentile) at interest and sought to return it to him, and his fellow said to him: give them to me and I will pay him as you pay him — it is forbidden. And even if the second Israelite wrote a document in his own name for the idolater, and gave pledges, and also gave the interest to the idolater, it is forbidden. And whatever he gave to the idolater we recover from the first Israelite, for it is fixed interest (that is, interest stipulated at the time of the loan). (Beit Yosef in the name of a responsum of the Rosh, kelal 108, and so it is implied in the Tur and in the poskim). And the same law applies if the Israelite owed money without interest — this law applies to him. And even if he set him before the idolater and the idolater said to him: give them to this Israelite and be quit, and I will stipulate with him that he give me principal and interest — it is forbidden.

Se’if 2ב׳

אֲבָל אִם קִבֵּל הָעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים הַמָּעוֹת מִיַּד הַיִּשְׂרָאֵל הָרִאשׁוֹן וְנָתַן לַשֵּׁנִי, מֻתָּר אֲפִלּוּ אִם נוֹתֵן הָרִבִּית לְיַד הַיִּשְׂרָאֵל הָרִאשׁוֹן (שָׁם וכ"מ בַּטּוּר וּבַּפּוֹסְקִים).

But if the idolater received the money from the hand of the first Israelite and gave it to the second, it is permitted, even if he gives the interest into the hand of the first Israelite (ibid., and so it is implied in the Tur and in the poskim).

Se’if 3ג׳

וְכֵן אִם הֶעֱמִידוֹ אֵצֶל הָעוֹבְדֵי גִּלּוּלִים וְאָמַר: הַנִּיחֵם עַל גַּבֵּי קַרְקַע, וְכֵן עָשָׂה, וְנִסְתַּלֵּק, וּלְקָחָן הַשֵּׁנִי מִשָּׁם, מֻתָּר. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים אִם אָמַר הָעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים לִתְּנָם לַיִּשְׂרָאֵל הַשֵּׁנִי דֶּרֶךְ פִּקָּדוֹן, וְאַחַר כָּךְ יְהֵא בְּיָדוֹ הַלְוָאָה, דִּשָׁרֵי הוֹאִיל וְלֹא יָצָא מִתַּחַת הָרִאשׁוֹן בְּתוֹרַת הַלְוָאָה. (בֵּית יוֹסֵף בְּשֵׁם תַּלְמִידֵי הָרַשְׁבָּ"א ונ"י). וְאִם הַיִּשְׂרָאֵל הַשֵּׁנִי לֹא עָשָׂה הַלְוָאָה עִם יִשְׂרָאֵל הָרִאשׁוֹן, רַק עִם הָעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים, וְהָעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים אָמַר לוֹ לְקַבְּלָם מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל רִאשׁוֹן, וְהַיִּשְׂרָאֵל רִאשׁוֹן אֵינוֹ רַק כִּשְׁלוּחוֹ שֶׁל עוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים, מֻתָּר אֲפִלּוּ נוֹתֵן הָרִבִּית לְיִשְׂרָאֵל. (שָׁם בְּשֵׁם הַגָּהוֹת מָרְדְּכַי).

And likewise if he set him before the worshippers of idols and said: put them down upon the ground, and he did so and withdrew, and the second took them from there — it is permitted. Hagah [Rema]: And there are those who say that if the idolater said to give them to the second Israelite by way of a deposit, and that afterwards it should be a loan in his hand, that it is permitted, since it did not go out from under the first by way of a loan. (Beit Yosef in the name of the pupils of the Rashba and Nimukei Yosef). And if the second Israelite did not make the loan with the first Israelite but only with the idolater, and the idolater told him to receive them from the first Israelite, and the first Israelite is nothing but the agent of the idolater — it is permitted, even though he gives the interest to an Israelite. (ibid. in the name of Hagahot Mordechai).