יורה דעה קס״אYoreh De'ah 161

Siman 161 of 402 in Yoreh De'ah — 11 se'ifim

Se’if 1א׳

כָּל דָּבָר אָסוּר לִלְווֹת בְּתוֹסֶפֶת, וַאֲפִלּוּ (טוּר בְּשֵׁם רמ"ה) בְּפָחוֹת מִשְּׁוֵה פְּרוּטָה יֵשׁ אִסוּר רִבִּית, אֲבָל אֵין מוֹצִיאִין אוֹתוֹ בְּדַיָּנִין. הַגָּה: כְּלָלָא דְּרִבִּית דְּכָל שֶׁהוּא אֲגַר נָטַר, אָסוּר, בֵּין שֶׁהוּא דֶּרֶךְ מִקָּח בֵּין שֶׁהוּא דֶּרֶךְ הַלְוָאָה, אֶלָּא שֶׁבְּדֶרֶךְ מִקָּח אֵינוֹ רַק אֲבַק רִבִּית שֶׁהוּא מִדְּרַבָּנָן (לְשׁוֹן הַטּוּר).

It is forbidden to borrow anything at all with an increase; and even (Tur in the name of the Ramah) in less than the value of a perutah (the smallest copper coin) there is a prohibition of interest, but the judges do not exact it. Hagah [Rema]: The rule of interest is that whatever is a payment for waiting (agar natar — a charge for the delay of the money) is forbidden, whether it is by way of a sale or by way of a loan; save that by way of a sale it is only the dust of interest, which is by rabbinic law. (the language of the Tur)

Se’if 2ב׳

אֲבַק רִבִּית, אֵינָהּ יוֹצְאָהּ בְּדַיָּנִים. וְאִם בָּא לָצֵאת יְדֵי שָׁמַיִם, חַיָּב לְהַחֲזִיר. מִלְּבַד רִבִּית מֻקְדֶּמֶת וּמְאֻחֶרֶת אֲפִלּוּ לָצֵאת יְדֵי שָׁמַיִם אֵינוֹ חַיָּב לְהַחֲזִיר. (בֵּית יוֹסֵף בְּשֵׁם תְּשׁוּבַת הָרַשְׁבָּ"א).

The dust of interest is not exacted by the judges. And if he comes to fulfil his duty toward Heaven, he is obliged to return it. Apart from interest paid in advance and interest paid afterwards: even to fulfil his duty toward Heaven he is not obliged to return it. (Beit Yosef in the name of a responsum of the Rashba)

Se’if 3ג׳

אֲבַק רִבִּית, אִם תָּפַס לֹוֶה מִשֶּׁל מַלְוֶה, מַפְּקִינָן מִנֵּהּ.

The dust of interest: if the borrower seized from what belongs to the lender, we take it away from him.

Se’if 4ד׳

לֹא אָמְרוּ דַּאֲבַק רִבִּית אֵינָהּ יוֹצְאָהּ בְּדַיָּנִים. אֶלָּא כְּשֶׁאָכַל הַמַּלְוֶה מִדַּעַת הַלֹּוֶה, אֲבָל אִם קֹדֶם שֶׁאָכַל טָעַן עָלָיו שֶׁלֹּא יֹאכַל, וְהוּא הוֹצִיא מִמֶּנּוּ עַל כָּרְחוֹ בְּדִינֵי הָעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים אוֹ בְּדַיַּן יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁטָּעָה וְהִכְרִיחוֹ לְשַׁלֵּם, יוֹצְאָהּ בְּדַיָּנִים.

They said that the dust of interest is not exacted by the judges only where the lender consumed it with the knowledge of the borrower; but if, before he consumed it, he protested against him that he should not consume it, and he took it out of him against his will in the courts of the idolater (oved kokhavim — the standing term for a gentile) or before an Israelite judge who erred and compelled him to pay — it is exacted by the judges.

Se’if 5ה׳

רִבִּית דְּאוֹרָיְתָא שֶׁהוּא בְּדֶרֶךְ הַלְוָאָה בְּדָבָר קָצוּב, יוֹצְאָה בְּדַיָּנִים שֶׁכּוֹפִין וּמַכִּין אוֹתוֹ עַד שֶׁתֵּצֵא נַפְשׁוֹ אֲבָל אֵין בֵּית דִּין יוֹרְדִין לִנְכָסָיו. וְכֵן בְּהִלְוָהוּ עַל חֲצֵרוֹ וְאָמַר לוֹ: עַל מְנָת שֶׁיָּדוּר בּוֹ חִנָּם אוֹ שֶׁיִּשְׂכְּרֶנּוּ לוֹ בְּפָחוֹת וְכַיּוֹצֵא בוֹ.

Interest by Torah law, which is by way of a loan in a fixed amount, is exacted by the judges, for they compel him and beat him until his soul departs; but the court does not descend upon his property. And likewise where he lent to him upon his courtyard and said to him: on condition that he dwell in it for nothing, or that he rent it to him for less, and the like.

…and 6 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh De'ah — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English rendered from the Hebrew for this app — The Gematria's own rendering program. A rendering of the words, not a ruling; practical halacha is learned with a rav