יורה דעה ק״סYoreh De'ah 160

Siman 160 of 402 in Yoreh De'ah — 23 se'ifim

Se’if 1א׳

צָרִיךְ לִזָּהֵר בְּרִבִּית, וְכַמָּה לָאוִין נֶאֶמְרוּ בּוֹ. וְאֲפִלּוּ הַלֹּוֶה הַנּוֹתְנוֹ וְהֶעָרֵב וְהָעֵדִים עוֹבְרִים. הַגָּה: וְאֵין חִלּוּק בֵּין אִם מַלְוֶה לְעָנִי אוֹ לְעָשִׁיר. (הַמ"מ פ"ד מֵהל' מַלְוֶה וְלוֹוֶה). וְהָא דְּלֹוֶה עוֹבֵר, דַּוְקָא בְּרִבִּית דְּאוֹרַיְתָא, אֲבָל בְּרִבִּית דְּרַבָּנָן אֵינוֹ עוֹבֵר אֶלָּא מִשּׁוּם לִפְנֵי עִוֵּר וְגֵו' (וַיִּקְרָא יט, יד). (ר"ן פ' זֶה בּוֹרֵר ובנ"י פא"נ וְכֵן כָּתַב ר' יְרוּחָם ני"ח).

One must be careful in the matter of interest, and several negative commandments were stated concerning it. And even the borrower who gives it, and the surety, and the witnesses, transgress. Hagah [Rema]: And there is no distinction between whether he lends to a poor man or to a rich man. (the Maggid Mishneh, chapter 4 of the Laws of Lender and Borrower) And this, that the borrower transgresses, is specifically in interest by Torah law; but in interest by rabbinic law he transgresses only on account of "before the blind" and so forth (Leviticus 19:14). (the Ran, chapter "This one chooses", and in the Nimukei Yosef, chapter "Which is interest", and so wrote Rabbeinu Yerucham, netiv 18)

Se’if 2ב׳

כָּל הַנּוֹתֵן בְּרִבִּית, נְכָסָיו מִתְמוֹטְטִים, וּכְאִלּוּ כָּפַר בִּיצִיאַת מִצְרַיִם וּבֶאֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל

Everyone who gives at interest, his property crumbles away, and it is as though he had denied the exodus from Egypt and the God of Israel.

Se’if 3ג׳

הַתּוֹלֶה מְעוֹתָיו לוֹמַר שֶׁהֵם שֶׁל עוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים, וּמַלְוֶה אוֹתָם בָּרִבִּית, הקב"ה יִפְרָע מִמֶּנּוּ.

One who hangs his money upon another, to say that it belongs to an idolater (oved kokhavim — the standing term for a gentile), and lends it out at interest — the Holy One, blessed be He, exacts payment from him.

Se’if 4ד׳

אֲפִלּוּ אִם הַלֹּוֶה נוֹתֵן לוֹ יוֹתֵר, מִדַּעְתּוֹ, בִּשְׁעַת הַפֵּרָעוֹן, שֶׁלֹּא הִתְנָה עִמּוֹ, וְאֵינוֹ אוֹמֵר שֶׁנּוֹתְנוֹ לוֹ יוֹתֵר בִּשְׁבִיל רִבִּית, אָסוּר. וּמִיהוּ אִם לֹא הָיוּ הַמָּעוֹת בְּיָדוֹ דֶּרֶךְ הַלְוָאָה, רַק דֶּרֶךְ מֵכֶר, מֻתָּר בִּכְהַאי גַּוְנָא. (בֵּית יוֹסֵף בְּשֵׁם תַּלְמִידֵי רַשְׁבָּ"א וּבַנִּמּוּקִים בְּשֵׁם תוס').

Even if the borrower gives him more of his own accord at the time of repayment, where he did not stipulate with him and he does not say that he gives him the more on account of interest, it is forbidden. But if the money was not in his hand by way of a loan but only by way of a sale, it is permitted in such a case. (Beit Yosef in the name of the disciples of the Rashba, and in the Nimukim in the name of Tosafot)

Se’if 5ה׳

אֲפִלּוּ אִם אָמַר לֵיהּ בִּשְׁעַת לְקִיחַת הָרִבִּית: אֲנִי נוֹתְנוֹ לְךָ בְּמַתָּנָה, אָסוּר לְקַבְּלוֹ מִמֶּנּוּ. אֲבָל אִם לָקַח מִמֶּנּוּ רִבִּית וְצָרִיךְ לְהַחְזִירוֹ לוֹ, מוֹעֶלֶת מְחִילָה לְפָטְרוֹ, כְּמוֹ בְּכָל גֶּזֶל. מַתָּנָה עַל מְנַת לְהַחֲזִיר, בְּרִבִּית, אָסוּר. (ר"ן פ"ב דְּקִדּוּשִׁין).

Even if he said to him at the time of the taking of the interest: I give it to you as a gift — it is forbidden to accept it from him. But if he took interest from him and must return it to him, a waiver avails to release him, as in all robbery. A gift on condition that it be returned, in the case of interest, is forbidden. (the Ran, chapter 2 of Kiddushin)

…and 18 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh De'ah — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English rendered from the Hebrew for this app — The Gematria's own rendering program. A rendering of the words, not a ruling; practical halacha is learned with a rav