אורח חיים שע״הOrach Chayim 375

Se’if 1א׳

מִרְפֶּסֶת שֶׁהוּא דֶּרֶךְ לַעֲלִיּוֹת הַפְּתוּחִים לָהּ וְעוֹמֶדֶת בֶּחָצֵר וְעוֹלִים לָהּ בַּסֻלָּם וּבְנֵי הָעֲלִיּוֹת יוֹרְדִים מִמֶּנָּה לֶחָצֵר וְעוֹבְרִים לִרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, אֵינָם אוֹסְרִים עַל בְּנֵי הֶחָצֵר, דְּסֻלָּם תּוֹרַת פֶּתַח עָלָיו וְהָוֵי כִּשְׁתֵּי חֲצֵרוֹת וּפֶתַח בֵּינֵיהֶם שֶׁאִם רָצוּ מְעָרְבִים יַחַד וְאִם רָצוּ כָּל אֶחָד מְעָרֵב לְעַצְמוֹ, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיְּעָרְבוּ כָּל בְּנֵי מִרְפֶּסֶת לְעַצְמָן, כְּדֵי שֶׁתְּהֵא רֶגֶל הַמֻּתֶּרֶת בִּמְקוֹמָהּ.

What things present in a courtyard do not restrict. Containing 4 sections A balcony that serves as a passageway to upper stories opening onto it, standing in the courtyard, accessed by a ladder, with the upper story residents descending from it to the courtyard and passing through to the public domain — they do not restrict the courtyard residents, since a ladder has the status of an opening, making it like two courtyards with an opening between them, where if they wish they may make a joint eruv and if they wish each may make their own eruv — provided all the balcony residents make their own eruv among themselves so that the permitted foot remains in its place.

Se’if 2ב׳

אִם לֹא עֵרְבוּ יַחַד וְיֵשׁ בֶּחָצֵר תֵּל אוֹ עַמּוּד שֶׁהוּא מִשֻּׁתָּף בֵּין שְׁנֵיהֶם, אִם אֵינָם גְּבוֹהִים י"ט הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ נֶחְשָׁבִים בֵּין הֶחָצֵר וּבֵין הַמִּרְפֶּסֶת וּשְׁנֵיהֶם אֲסוּרִים לְהוֹצִיא שָׁם כֵּלִים שֶׁבַּבָּתִּים. וְאִם הֵם גְּבוֹהִים מִקַּרְקָעִית הֶחָצֵר י"ט וּבְתוֹךְ עֲשָׂרָה לַמִּרְפֶּסֶת (טוּר) וְהֵם בְּתוֹךְ ד' טְפָחִים לַמִּרְפֶּסֶת, בְּנֵי מִרְפֶּסֶת מֻתָּרִים לְפִי שֶׁתַּשְׁמִישׁוֹ (לָהֶם) בְּנַחַת מִלִּבְנֵי הֶחָצֵר. וְאִם הָיוּ רְחוֹקִים מֵהַמִּרְפֶּסֶת ד"ט אוֹ יוֹתֵר, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁגְּבוֹהִים עֲשָׂרָה מִן הֶחָצֵר לְתוֹךְ עֲשָׂרָה לַמִּרְפֶּסֶת (טוּר), הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ בִּכְלַל הֶחָצֵר וְהַמִּרְפֶּסֶת; לְפִי שֶׁשְּׁנֵיהֶם אֶפְשָׁר לְהִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהֶן עַל יְדֵי זְרִיקָה, לְפִיכָךְ שְׁנֵיהֶם אֲסוּרִים לְהוֹצִיא שָׁם כֵּלִים שֶׁשָּׁבְתוּ בַּבָּתִּים עַד שֶׁיְּעָרְבוּ.

If they did not make a joint eruv and there is a mound or pillar in the courtyard shared between the two — if they are not ten handbreadths high, they are considered shared between the courtyard and the balcony and both are forbidden to carry there vessels from the houses. If they are ten handbreadths above the courtyard floor and within ten handbreadths of the balcony and within four handbreadths of the balcony — the balcony residents are permitted since using it is more convenient for them than for the courtyard residents. But if they are four handbreadths or more away from the balcony, even though they are ten handbreadths high from the courtyard and within ten handbreadths of the balcony — they are considered shared between the courtyard and the balcony since both can use them by throwing. Therefore both are forbidden to carry there vessels that rested in the houses until they make an eruv.

Se’if 3ג׳

הָיְתָה מַצֵּבָה אַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים לִפְנֵי הַמִּרְפֶּסֶת, אֵין הַמִּרְפֶּסֶת אוֹסֶרֶת עַל בְּנֵי הֶחָצֵר, שֶׁהֲרֵי נֶחְלְקָה מֵהֶם.

If there was a platform four handbreadths wide in front of the balcony, the balcony does not restrict the courtyard residents since it is thereby separated from them.