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The Shulchan Aruch · Orach Chayim

אורח חיים שס״הOrach Chayim 365

Siman 365 of 697 in Orach Chayim — 8 se'ifim

הלכות ערוביןLaws of Eruvin· siman 365

Se’if 1א׳

מָבוֹי שֶׁנִּפְרַץ בּוֹ פִּרְצָה מִצִּדּוֹ כְּלַפֵּי רֹאשׁוֹ, אִם נִשְׁאַר עוֹמֵד בְּרֹאשׁוֹ פַּס רָחָב אַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים, מֻתָּר, וְהוּא שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא הַפִּרְצָה יָתֵר עַל י'; וְאִם לֹא נִשְׁאַר פַּס ד', אָסוּר אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הָיְתָה הַפִּרְצָה פָּחוֹת מִג"ט.

Laws of an Alleyway That Was Breached. Contianing 8 Sections An alleyway that was breached on its side toward its end — if a post four handbreadths wide remains at its end, it is permitted, provided the breach does not exceed ten handbreadths. If no four-handbreadth post remains, it is forbidden unless the breach is less than three handbreadths.

Se’if 2ב׳

נִפְרַץ מִצִּדּוֹ שֶׁלֹּא כְּלַפֵּי רֹאשׁוֹ, שִׁעוּרוֹ בַּעֲשָׂרָה. אֲפִלּוּ לֹא נִשְׁתַּיֵּר מִן הַכֹּתֶל בַּיְּסוֹד כְּלוּם; וְהוּא דְּלֹא בָּקְעֵי בָּהּ רַבִּים, אֲבָל אִי בָּקְעֵי בָּהּ רַבִּים, אֲפִלּוּ לֹא נִפְרַץ רַק ד"ט, צָרִיךְ לְתַקְּנוֹ שָׁם (הָרִי"ף וְהָרֹא"שׁ וְטוּר).

An alleyway breached on its side not toward its end — the maximum is ten handbreadths, even if nothing remains of the wall at the base.(But if many people pass through it, even a breach of only four handbreadths must be rectified there.)

Se’if 3ג׳

מָבוֹי שֶׁנִּפְרַץ בְּמִלּוּאוֹ לֶחָצֵר, וְנִפְרַץ הֶחָצֵר מִצַּד הַשֵּׁנִי לִרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, אִם לֹא עֵרְבוּ בְּנֵי חָצֵר עִם בְּנֵי הַמָּבוֹי, חָצֵר מֻתָּר אֲפִלּוּ נִפְרַץ נֶגֶד פִּרְצַת הַמָּבוֹי וַאֲפִלּוּ בָּקְעֵי בָּהּ רַבִּים, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא יוֹתֵר מֵעֶשֶׂר; וּמָבוֹי אָסוּר, אֲפִלּוּ אֵינוֹ כְּנֶגֶד פִּרְצַת הֶחָצֵר, דְּכֵיוָן שֶׁלֹּא עֵרְבוֹ עִם הַמָּבוֹי אוֹסֶרֶת עָלָיו; וּכְגוֹן שֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ כְּתֵל הַמָּבוֹי בֶּחָצֵר, בְּעִנְיָן שֶׁאֵין הַגִּפּוּפִין שֶׁנִּשְׁאֲרוּ בֶּחָצֵר נִרְאִין לְמִי שֶׁעוֹמֵד בַּמָּבוֹי, אֲבָל אִם נִרְאִים, עוֹלִים לוֹ מִשּׁוּם לֶחִי וּמֻתָּר. וְאִם עֵרְבוּ בְּנֵי הֶחָצֵר עִם בְּנֵי הַמָּבוֹי, וְהַפִּרְצָה שֶׁבַּמָּבוֹי לֶחָצֵר אֵינָה מִצַּד הֶחָצֵר, וּפִרְצוֹת הֶחָצֵר מִצַּד הַשֵּׁנִי אֵינָן מְכֻוָּנוֹת כְּנֶגֶד פִּרְצַת הַמָּבוֹי, וְהֶחָצֵר שֶׁל רַבִּים, גַּם הַמָּבוֹי מֻתָּר. אֲבָל אִם לֹא עֵרְבוּ, אוֹ אֲפִלּוּ עֵרְבוּ וּפִרְצַת הֶחָצֵר לַמָּבוֹי מִצִּדּוֹ, אוֹ אֲפִלּוּ בְּאֶמְצַע (הֶחָצֵר) וּפִרְצַת הֶחָצֵר מִצַּד הַשֵּׁנִי כְּנֶגְדָּהּ, אוֹ אֲפִלּוּ אֵינָהּ כְּנֶגְדָּהּ וְהֶחָצֵר הוּא שֶׁל יָחִיד, אָסוּר. וְאִם נִפְרַץ לִרְחָבָה פְּחוּתָהּ מִסְאָתַיִם, אוֹ יוֹתֵר עַל סְאָתַיִם וְהֻקַּף לַדִּירָה, דִּינוֹ כְּאִלּוּ נִפְרַץ לֶחָצֵר. אֲבָל אִם יְתֵרָה עַל סְאָתַיִם וְלֹא הֻקְּפָה לַדִּירָה, הָוֵי כְּאִלּוּ נִפְרַץ לְכַרְמְלִית וְצָרִיךְ תִּקּוּן.

An alleyway breached across its full width into a courtyard, and the courtyard is breached on its other side toward a public domain — if the courtyard residents did not make an eruv with the alleyway residents, the courtyard is permitted, even if the breach faces the alleyway's breach and even if many people pass through it, provided it is no more than ten handbreadths. The alleyway is forbidden even if it does not face the courtyard's breach, since not having made an eruv with the alleyway restricts it — this applies when the alleyway walls extend into the courtyard such that the remaining side-sections within the courtyard are not visible to one standing in the alleyway. But if they are visible, they count as a lechi and it is permitted. If the courtyard residents did make an eruv with the alleyway residents, and the breach from the alleyway into the courtyard is not on the courtyard's side, and the courtyard's breach on the other side does not face the alleyway's breach, and the courtyard belongs to many — the alleyway is also permitted. But if they did not make an eruv, or even if they did but the courtyard's breach toward the alleyway is on its side, or even in the middle of the courtyard and the courtyard's breach on the other side faces it, or even does not face it but the courtyard belongs to a single individual — it is forbidden. If the breach opens into an area smaller than two *se'ah*, or larger but enclosed for dwelling purposes, it is treated as a breach into a courtyard. But if it is larger than two *se'ah* and not enclosed for dwelling, it is as if it opened into a *karmelit* and requires rectification.

…and 3 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim — Torat Emet 363 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0