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The Shulchan Aruch · Orach Chayim

אורח חיים רנ״בOrach Chayim 252

Siman 252 of 697 in Orach Chayim — 7 se'ifim

הלכות שבתLaws of Shabbat· siman 252

Se’if 1א׳

מֻתָּר לְהַתְחִיל בִּמְלָאכָה בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת סָמוּךְ לַחֲשֵׁכָה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְגָמְרָהּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם וְהִיא נִגְמֶרֶת מֵאֵלֶיהָ בְּשַׁבָּת, כְּגוֹן: לִשְׁרוֹת דְּיוֹ וְסַמְמָנִין בְּמַיִם וְהֵם נִשְׁרִים כָּל הַשַּׁבָּת, וְלָתֵת אוּנִין (פי' אֲגֻדּוֹת) שֶׁל פִּשְׁתָּן לַתַּנּוּר כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּתְלַבְּנוּ, וְלָתֵת צֶמֶר לְתוֹךְ הַיּוֹרָה שֶׁאֵינָהּ עַל הָאֵשׁ וְהִיא טוּחָה בַּטִּיט, שֶׁאִם הִיא עַל הָאֵשׁ אָסוּר שֶׁמָּא יְחַתֶּה (פי' יְגַלֶּה וְיֵעֹר הַגֶּחָלִים בַּמַּחְתָּה), וַאֲפִלּוּ אֵינָהּ עַל הָאֵשׁ אִם אֵינָהּ טוּחָה בַּטִּיט, אָסוּר, שֶׁמָּא יָגִיס בָּהּ בְּכַף. וְהַמֵּגִיס בַּקְּדֵרָה, אֲפִלּוּ אֵינָהּ עַל הָאֵשׁ, חַיָּב מִשּׁוּם מְבַשֵּׁל; וּמֻתָּר לִפְרֹס מְצוּדוֹת חַיָּה וְעוֹפוֹת וְדָגִים וְהֵם נִצּוֹדִים בְּשַׁבָּת; וּמֻתָּר לִמְכֹּר לְנָכְרִי וּלְהַטְעִינוֹ סָמוּךְ לַחֲשֵׁכָה וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיֵּצֵא מִפֶּתַח בֵּיתוֹ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ מַתִּירִין שֶׁיּוֹצִיא הָנָכְרִי בְּשַׁבָּת אִם יִחֵד לוֹ הָנָכְרִי מָקוֹם מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם בְּבֵית יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְיֵשׁ לְהַחְמִיר (מָרְדְּכַי פ"ק דְּשַׁבָּת) וְע"ל סי' שכ"ה.

It is permitted to start an action on Friday near darkness even though the work cannot be completed on Friday and can only be finished on Shabbat. It is permitted to soak/ dissolve a ink or dye in water if it dissolves during Shabbat. It is permitted to put bundles of flax in the oven in order that they be whitened. It is permitted to put wool inside a large pot that is not on the fire, and it is covered with mud. But if the pot is on the fire it is forbidden, lest one stirs the coals. And even if it is not on the fire but it isn’t covered in mud, it is forbidden, lest he stir it with his hand. The one who stirs the pot even if it is not on the fire is liable because of cooking. It is permitted to spread out traps for animals, birds, and fish even though they will be trapped on Shabbat. It is permitted to sell to non-Jews and load it for him close to dark as long as he leaves the door of his house while it is still day. Rema: And there are those that permit it when the non-Jew leaves on Shabbat if the non-Jew designates a place on the next day in the house of a Jew. And there are those who are strict in this matter (Mordechai). See below Siman 325.

Se’if 2ב׳

וּמֻתָּר לִתֵּן בְּגָדָיו לְכוֹבֵס נָכְרִי, וְעוֹרוֹת לְעַבְּדָן (פי' הָאֻמָּן שֶׁמְּעַבֵּד וּמְתַקֵן הָעוֹרוֹת), סָמוּךְ לַחֲשֵׁכָה אִם קָצַץ לוֹ דָּמִים אוֹ שֶׁעוֹשֶׂה אוֹתָם בְּטוֹבַת הֲנָאָה, וְהוּא שֶׁלֹּא יֹאמַר לוֹ לַעֲשׂוֹת בְּשַׁבָּת וְגַם שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה הָנָּכְרִי הַמְּלָאכָה בְּבֵיתוֹ. הַגָּה: וְאִם לֹא קָצַץ, אָסוּר בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת. וְעַיֵּן לְעֵיל סי' רמ"ז דְּיֵשׁ חוֹלְקִין אִם עוֹשֶׂה לוֹ בְּחִנָּם, דְּהַיְנוּ בְּטוֹבַת הֲנָאָה. וְאִם רָאוּהוּ עוֹשֶׂה מְלַאכְתּוֹ בְּשַׁבָּת אִם הָיָה עוֹשֶׂה בְּטוֹבַת הֲנָאָה, צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר שֶׁלֹּא יַעֲשֶׂה בָּהּ בְּשַׁבָּת. הַגָּה: וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם נְתָנָם לוֹ כַּמָּה יָמִים לִפְנֵי שַׁבָּת.

A person is permitted to give his garments to a non-Jewish launderer and his hides to a non-Jewish leather worker [to work on] close to nightfall [on Friday] if he established a price or he does them for a favor, and he does not tell him to do it on Shabbat, and the non-Jew performs the work in his house. RAMA: If he did not fix (a price) it is forbidden on Erev Shabbat, and see Siman 247 that there is a difference if one does it for free, for this is a favor. If he sees that he performs his work on Shabbat, if it was being done as a favor he must tell him it cannot be done on Shabbat. RAMA: Even if he gave it to him several days before Shabbat

Se’if 3ג׳

וְאִם הָיְתָה מְלָאכָה מְפֻרְסֶמֶת וְיָדוּעַ שֶׁהִיא שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְעוֹשֶׂה אוֹתָהּ בְּמָקוֹם מְפֻרְסָם, טוֹב לְהַחְמִיר וְלֶאֱסֹר.

And if there was a well known melachah, and it is known that it is of a Jew and one performs it in a well publicized place, it is good to be strict and to forbid it.

…and 2 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim — Torat Emet 363 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0