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The Shulchan Aruch · Orach Chayim

אורח חיים קס״טOrach Chayim 169

Siman 169 of 697 in Orach Chayim — 3 se'ifim

הלכות סעודהLaws of the Meal· siman 169

Se’if 1א׳

כָּל דָּבָר שֶׁמְּבִיאִין לִפְנֵי הָאָדָם שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ רֵיחַ וְהָאָדָם תָּאֵב לוֹ, צָרִיךְ לִתֵּן מִמֶּנּוּ לַשַּׁמָּשׁ מִיָּד; וּמִדַּת חֲסִידוּת הוּא לִתֵּן לוֹ מִיָּד מִכָּל מִין וָמִין, וְלֹא יִתֵּן לוֹ כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהַכּוֹס בְּיָדוֹ אוֹ בְּיַד בַּעַל הַבַּיִת וְדַוְקָא לַשַּׁמָּשׁ, אֲבָל לְאַחֵר שֶׁבַּסְּעֻדָּה מֻתָּר לִתֵּן בְּכִי הַאי גַּוְנָא (הר"י סוֹף פֶּרֶק אֵלּוּ דְּבָרִים); וְאָסוּר לִתֵּן לוֹ פְּרוּסַת פַּת, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן יוֹדֵעַ בּוֹ שֶׁנָּטַל יָדָיו.

Anything that is brought before a person that has a fragrance and the person desires it, one must give from it to the meal attendant immediately. And it is a pious practice to give to him immediately from every type. And one should not give to him while the cup is in his hand or in the hand of the host. [And this is specifically regarding the attendant, but regarding another person at the meal, it is permitted to give in this manner.] R' Yonah, chapter "Elu Devarim." And it is forbidden to give him a piece of bread unless he knows that he has washed his hands.

Se’if 2ב׳

לֹא יִתֵּן לֶאֱכֹל אֶלָּא לְמִי שֶׁיּוֹדֵעַ בּוֹ שֶׁיְּבָרֵךְ, וְיֵשׁ מְקִלִּין אִם נוֹתֵן לְעָנִי בְּתוֹרַת צְדָקָה (הר"י סוֹף פֶּרֶק אֵלּוּ דְּבָרִים).

He should not give [food] to eat except to one whom he knows will recite a blessing. And some are lenient if he gives to a poor person as charity [Rabbi Yonah, beginning of chapter 'Elu Devarim'].

Se’if 3ג׳

הַשַּׁמָּשׁ מְבָרֵךְ בּוֹרֵא פְּרִי הַגֶּפֶן עַל כָּל כּוֹס וְכוֹס שֶׁיִּתְּנוּ לוֹ, לְפִי שֶׁהוּא כְּנִמְלָךְ, וּבְרָכָה אַחֲרוֹנָה אֵינוֹ מְבָרֵךְ אֶלָּא לְבַסוֹף; וְאֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ עַל כָּל פְּרוּסָה וּפְרוּסָה אִם יֵשׁ אָדָם חָשׁוּב בַּסְעֻדָּה, שֶׁיּוֹדֵעַ שֶׁיִּתְּנוּ לוֹ כָּל צָרְכּוֹ מִפַּת; וְאִם אֵין אָדָם חָשׁוּב בַּסְעֻדָּה, צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ עַל כָּל פְּרוּסָה וּפְרוּסָה, כְּמוֹ עַל הַיַּיִן. הַגָּה: שְׁנַיִם שֶׁהָיוּ אוֹכְלִין בְּיַחַד, הַשַּׁמָּשׁ אוֹכֵל עִמָּהֶם בְּלֹא נְטִילַת רְשׁוּת, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּצְטָרְפוּ לְזִמּוּן וְע"ל סי' ק"ע. (סכ"א)

The servant recites the blessing "who creates the fruit of the vine" over each and every cup that is given to him, because he is like a king. He recites the final blessing only at the end. He does not need to recite a blessing over each piece of bread if there is an important person at the meal, since he knows they will give him all the bread he needs. But if there is no important person at the meal, he must recite a blessing over each piece of bread, just as he does over the wine. Rema: When two people are eating together, the servant may eat with them without asking permission, so that they may join together for zimmun. [See below, section 170:21]

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Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim — Torat Emet 363 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0