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The Shulchan Aruch · Even HaEzer

אבן העזר נ׳Even HaEzer 50

Siman 50 of 178 in Even HaEzer — 7 se'ifim

הלכות קידושיןLaws of Kiddushin· siman 50

Se’if 1א׳

הַמְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת הָאִשָּׁה, בֵּין שֶׁחָזְרָה הִיא בָּהּ וּבֵין שֶׁחָזַר הוּא, בֵּין שֶׁמֵּת הוּא בֵּין שֶׁמֵּתָה הִיא אוֹ שֶׁגֵּרְשָׁהּ, אֵין הַקִּדּוּשִׁין חוֹזְרִין לְעוֹלָם. אֲפִלּוּ קִדְּשָׁהּ בְּאֶלֶף דִּינָר, הֲרֵי הֵם מַתָּנָה גְּמוּרָה שֶׁאֵין לָהּ חֲזָרָה. וְאִם הָיוּ קִדּוּשֵׁי טָעוּת, חוֹזְרִים הַמָּעוֹת. וְכֵן אִם הָיְתָה מְמָאֶנֶת. וְכֵן אִם הָיוּ קִדּוּשִׁין עַל תְּנַאי וְלֹא נִתְקַיֵּם הַתְּנַאי. וְכֵן אִם הָיוּ קִדּוּשֵׁי סָפֵק. וְכָל זֶה לֹא מַיְרִי אֶלָּא מִן הָאֵרוּסִין, אֲבָל מִן הַנִּשּׂוּאִין, הַקִּדּוּשִׁין חוֹזְרִין (מַהֲרִי"ל סִימָן ס"א):

One who betroths a woman, whether she reneges or he reneges or he dies or she dies or he divorces her, the betrothal money is never returned. Even if he betroths her with a thousand dinar, this is completely a present that is not returned. And if this was a mistaken betrothal, the money is restored. And also if she refuses. And also if the betrothal was conditional and the condition was not fulfilled. And also if the betrothal was doubtful. And all of this is true only from betrothal, but if from marriage, the betrothal money returns (Maharil. siman 61).

Se’if 2ב׳

הַמְקַדֵּשׁ אֲחוֹתוֹ, הַמָּעוֹת מַתָּנָה; מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהַכֹּל יוֹדְעִים שֶׁאֵין קִדּוּשִׁין תּוֹפְסִין בַּעֲרָיוֹת, וְאֵין זֶה טוֹעֶה אֶלָּא גָּמַר וְנָתַן לְשֵׁם מַתָּנָה:

One who betroths his sister, the money is considered a gift. For everyone knows that betrothal doesn't work with forbidden relations, and this was not a mistake. Rather he gave her the money as a gift.

Se’if 3ג׳

הַשּׁוֹלֵחַ סִבְלוֹנוֹת לְבֵית חָמִיו, בֵּין מְרֻבִּין בֵּין מוּעָטִין, בֵּין שֶׁאָכַל שָׁם סְעֻדַּת אֵרוּסִין בֵּין שֶׁלֹּא אָכַל, בֵּין שֶׁמֵּתָה הִיא בֵּין שֶׁמֵּת הוּא, אוֹ שֶׁחָזַר בּוֹ הָאִישׁ, יַחַזְרוּ הַסִבְלוֹנוֹת כֻּלָּם חוּץ מֵהַמַּאֲכָל וְהַמִּשְׁתֶּה. וְכֵן מָעוֹת, וְכֵן כֵּלִים מוּעָטִין שֶּׁשָּׁלַח לָהּ לְהִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ שָׁם בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ, אִם נִשְׁתַּמְּשָׁה בָּהֶם וּבָלוּ אוֹ אָבְדוּ, אֵינָם מִשְׁתַּלְּמִין; אֲבָל אִם הֲיוּ קַיָּמִים, חוֹזֵר הַכֹּל וְגוֹבֶה אוֹתָם בְּבֵית דִּין, שֶׁהַדָּבָר יָדוּעַ שֶׁלֹּא שְׁלָחָם אֶלָּא דֶּרֶךְ נוֹי בִּלְבַד. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דַּאֲפִלּוּ בִּדְבַר מַאֲכָל וּמִשְׁתֶּה וּדְבָרִים מוּעָטִים דְּאֵין חוֹזְרִים, דַּוְקָא כְּשֶׁאָכַל שָׁם הֶחָתָן, וְאָז אֲפִלּוּ מַה שֶּׁהוּא בְּעֵין אֵינוֹ חוֹזֵר, אֲבָל אִי לֹא אָכַל שָׁם, חוֹזֵר הַכֹּל (שָׁם טוּר). חָזְרָה הִיא בָּהּ, חוֹזֵר הַכֹּל. וַאֲפִלּוּ הַמַּאֲכָל וְהַמַּשְׁקֶה נוֹתֶנֶת דָּמָיו בְּזוֹל, דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁאִם הָיוּ דְּמֵי הַמַּאֲכָל וְהַמַּשְׁקֶה שִׁשָּׁה, מְשַׁלֶּמֶת אַרְבָּעָה. וְאִם הָיָה מִנְהָג הַמְּדִינָה שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה כָּל אָדָם סְעֻדָּה וְיַאֲכִיל לְרֵעָיו אוֹ יְחַלֵּק מָעוֹת לַשַּׁמָּשִׁים וְלַחַזָּנִים וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּהֶם, וְעָשָׂה כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁעוֹשִׂים כָּל הָעָם, וְחָזְרָה בָּה, מְשַׁלֶּמֶת הַכֹּל, שֶׁהֲרֵי גָּרְמָה לוֹ לְאַבֵּד מָמוֹן; וְהוּא שֶׁיִהְיוּ לוֹ עֵדִים כַּמָּה הוֹצִיא. (וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דְּכָל זֶה מַיְרֵי בַּמֶּה שֶׁשָּׁלַח לְאַחַר אֵרוּסִין, אֲבָל קֹדֶם אֵרוּסִין, לְאַחַר שִׁדּוּכִין, חוֹזֵר הַכֹּל (נִמּוּקֵי יוֹסֵף פֶּרֶק מִי שֶׁמֵּת וְכֵן כָּתַב הָרִיטְבָ"א). וְיֵשׁ חוֹלְקִים (בֵּית יוֹסֵף בְּשֵׁם הָרַשְׁבָּ"א):

If one sends weddings gifts to [his betrothed at] his father-in-law's home, whether many or few, whether he had eaten a betrothal banquet there or not, whether he or she died, or if the man broke it off, the gifts must all be returned, with the exception of food and drink. Similarly, money and small vessels that he sent her to use in her father's home: if she used them and they wore out or were lost, they are not repaid. However, if they are extant, it all goes back, and he may collect them through the court, for it is well known that he sent them only ornamentally. Rem"a: Some say that even food, beverages, and small things are not returned only if the groom had eaten there. In that case, even what is still extant is not returned. But if he had not eaten there, it is all returned (Tur, op. cit.). If she broke it off, everything is returned. Even food and drink she must give him at its low price - that is, if the price of the food and drink was six, she pays four. If the local custom was that every man makes a banquet and feeds his friends, or distributes monies to beadles, cantors, and others like them, and he did as everyone does, whereupon she broke it off, she must repay it all, for she caused him to lose money. This is only if he has witnesses to his expenses. Rem"a: Some say that all of this applies to what he sent after betrothal, but prior to betrothal, but after engagement, everything is refunded (Nimukei Yosef to ch. "Mi She-meit" and Ritva). Some disagree (Beit Yosef, citing Rashba).

…and 2 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Even HaEzer — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0