אבן העזר כ״חEven HaEzer 28

Se’if 1א׳

הַמְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת הָאִשָּׁה בְּגָזֵל אוֹ בִּגְנֵבָה אוֹ בְּחָמָס, אִם נִתְיָאֲשׁוּ הַבְּעָלִים, וְנוֹדַע שֶׁקָּנָה אוֹתוֹ דָּבָר בְּיֵאוּשׁ, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְאִם לָאו, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. הַגָּה: קִדְּשָׁהּ בְּגָזֵל אוֹ גְּנֵבַת עוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים, הָוֵי מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת דְּהָא אֵינָהּ צְרִיכָה לְהַחֲזִיר רַק מִכֹּחַ קִדּוּשׁ הַשֵּׁם (מהרי"ו סִי' קל"ח). קִדְּשָׁהּ בְּגָזֵל אַחַר יֵאוּשׁ לְבַד, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת מִדְּרַבָּנָן (רַבֵּנוּ יְרוּחָם):

One who marries a woman [with money that was acquired] by robbery, or theft, or force: if the original owners have despaired [of recovering the money] and it is known that he acquired the object through their despair, then she is married. If not, she is not married. Rem"a: If he marries her with [with money that was acquired] by robbery or theft from a non-Jew, she is married, since he only has to return it because of the import of sanctifying God's name. If he marries her after [the original owner's] despair alone, she is married rabbinically.

Se’if 2ב׳

גָּזַל אֶת הָאִשָּׁה אוֹ גְּנָבָהּ אוֹ חֲמָסָהּ, וְחָזַר וְקִדְּשָׁהּ בַּגָּזֵל אוֹ בַּגְּנֵבָה וּבֶחָמָס שֶׁלָּהּ, וְאָמַר לָהּ: הֲרֵי אַתְּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לִי בּוֹ, אִם לֹא קָדַם בֵּינֵיהֶם שִׁדּוּכִים וְנָטְלָה וְשָׁתְקָה, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. אֲבָל אִם שִׁדֵּךְ תְּחִלָּה, דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁנִּתְרַצֵּית לִשָּׂא אוֹתוֹ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא הָיוּ שָׁוִין בִּנְתִינַת הַנְּדוּנְיָא (הַגָּהוֹת אַלְפָסִי פ"ק דְּקִדּוּשִׁין), אוֹ אֲפִלּוּ לֹא שִׁדֵּךְ תְּחִלָּה, וּכְשֶׁאָמַר לָהּ: הִתְקַדְּשִׁי לִי בָּזֶה וּנְתָנוֹ בְּיָדָהּ, אָמְרָה: הֵן, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת, וְצָרִיךְ לְשַׁלֵּם לָהּ גְּזֵלוֹתֶיהָ (הָרַ"ן פ"ק דְּקִדּוּשִׁין). אֲבָל אִם אַחַר שֶׁבָּא לְיָדָהּ אָמַר: הִתְקַדְּשִׁי לִי בּוֹ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאָמְרָה: הֵן, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁשִּׁדֵּךְ תְּחִלָּה. וְאֵינָהּ נֶאֱמֶנֶת לוֹמַר שֶׁבִּתְחִלָּה קִבְּלָה לְשֵׁם קִדּוּשִׁין (כ"כ הָרַ"ן בְּשֵׁם הָרַשְׁבָּ"א, וְהַב"י הֵבִיאוֹ):

If he stole from the woman or robbed her or deceived her, he returns to her and betroths her with what was stolen, robbed or deceived from her, and he says to her, "Thus, you are betrothed to me with this". If there was not, prior [to this] an arrangement [to be married] between them, and she takes it and is silent, they are not betrothed. But if they had an arrangement [to be married] beforehand, Rem"a: She was appeased to marry him, even though that they did not arrange the giving of the dowry (Haghot Alfasi, Kiddushin Chapter 1) or even if there was no arrangement between them, and when he says to her: "Be betrothed unto me with this" and he put it in her hand, and she says, "yes", they are betrothed. Rem"a: And it would be necessary to pay her what was stolen from her (Ran, Kiddushin Chapter 1). But if it were after he put it into her hand, and he said "Be betrothed unto me with this", and even if she were to say "yes", they are not betrothed, even if they had an arrangement beforehand. Rem"a: And she is not believed to say that she received it before, in the name of betrothal (So too the Ra"n in the name of the Rashba, and the Beit Yosef brings him).

Se’if 3ג׳

וְכֵן אִם הֶחֱזִיר לָהּ חוֹב שֶׁהָיָה לָהּ אֶצְלוֹ, וְאָמַר לָהּ: כַּנְּסִי סֶלַע זוֹ שֶׁאֲנִי חַיָּב לִיכִי וַהֲרֵי אַתְּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לִי בּוֹ, קֹדֶם שֶׁתִּטְּלֶנּוּ, וּנְטָלַתּוּ וְשָׁתְקָה, אִם הָיוּ בֵּינֵיהֶם שִׁדּוּכִין הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְאִם לֹא שִׁדֵּךְ, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת עַד שֶׁתֹּאמַר: הֵן. אֲבָל אִם לְאַחַר שֶׁנְּתָנוֹ בְּיָדָהּ אָמַר לָהּ: הֲרֵי אַתְּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לִי בּוֹ, אֲפִלּוּ אָמְרָה: הֵן, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁשִּׁדֵּךְ תְּחִלָּה. הַגָּה: וְכָל זֶה שֶׁאָמַר לָהּ: כַּנְּסִי סֶלַע שֶׁאֲנִי חַיָּב לָךְ. אֲבָל אָמַר לָהּ: כַּנְּסִי סֶלַע זוֹ, סְתָמָא, וְחָזַר וְאָמַר: הִתְקַדְּשִׁי לִי בּוֹ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁחַיָּב לָהּ גַּם כֵּן, וְהִגִּיעַ זְמַן הַפֵּרָעוֹן, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת, וְאֵינָהּ יְכוֹלָה לוֹמַר: לְפֵרָעוֹן קִבַּלְתִּיו (הָרַ"ן פ"ק דְּקִדּוּשִׁין). אָמַר לָהּ: כַּנְּסִי סֶלַע זוֹ שֶׁאֲנִי חַיָּב לָךְ, וְחָזַר וְאָמַר: לֹא לְשֵׁם פֵּרָעוֹן אֲנִי נוֹתְנוֹ לָךְ, רַק לְשֵׁם קִדּוּשִׁין, יֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דְּהָוֵי מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת אֲפִלּוּ לֹא שִׁדֵּךְ (שָׁם בְּשֵׁם בה"ג וְהָרַמְבַּ"ם). בִּקֵּשׁ מִמֶּנָּה שֶׁתַּלְוֶה לוֹ מָעוֹת עַל מַשְׁכּוֹן, וְנָתְנָה לוֹ הַמָּעוֹת, וְכַאֲשֶׁר נוֹתֵן לָהּ הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן אָמַר לָהּ: הִתְקַדְּשִׁי לִי בּוֹ, וְקִבְּלַתּוּ וְשָׁתְקָה, הָוֵי סְפֵק קִדּוּשִׁין (תְּשׁוּבַת הָרַשְׁבָּ"א סִי' תשע"ג):

Similarly, if he returned an outstanding debt that he had with her, and he said, "Take this coin that I owe you and become betrothed to me with it" before he gave it to her, and she received it in silence, if they were engaged to be married, she is betrothed. If they were not engaged, she is not betrothed unless she said, "agreed." If after he gave it to her he said, "you are betrothed to me through it," even if she agrees, she is not betrothed even though they were engaged. Rem"a: All of this is if he said to her, "take this coin that I owe you," but if he said, "take this coin" without further comment, and then he said, "become betrothed to me through it," even though he owed it to her, and the time for repayment had arrived, she is betrothed, and she may not say, "I received it as repayment." If he said to her, "take this coin that I owe you" and then he said, "I did not give it as repayment, but as betrothal," some authorities say that she is betrothed even if they were not engaged. If he asked her to lend him money with collateral, and she gave him the money, and when he gave her the collateral he said, "become betrothed to me through it," and she received it silently, this is a case of doubtful betrothal.