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The Shulchan Aruch · Even HaEzer

אבן העזר קס״וEven HaEzer 166

Siman 166 of 178 in Even HaEzer — 9 se'ifim

הלכות יבוםLaws of Yibbum· siman 166

Se’if 1א׳

הַיְבָמָה הוֹלֶכֶת אַחַר הַיָּבָם בְּמָקוֹם שֶׁהוּא שָׁם, וּבֵית דִּין נוֹתְנִים לוֹ עֵצָה הַהוֹגֶנֶת לִשְׁנֵיהֶם, אִם לְיַבֵּם אוֹ לַחֲלֹץ. הַגָּה: וְדַוְקָא שֶׁהַיָּבָם בִּמְקוֹם דִּירָתוֹ, וְהוּא בִּמְקוֹם בֵּית דִּין; אֲבָל אִם הָלַךְ לְמָקוֹם אַחֵר, אֵין כּוֹפִין הַיְבָמָה לֵילֵךְ אַחֲרָיו (נ"י סוֹף פֶּרֶק זֶה בּוֹרֵר). וְכֵן אִם הוּא דָּר בֵּין הַכּוּתִים אוֹ בֵּין הֶדְיוֹטוֹת שֶׁאֵין יוֹדְעִין סֵדֶר חֲלִיצָה, אֵין לַדַּיָּנִין לֵילֵךְ אַחֲרָיו, אֶלָּא כּוֹפִין אוֹתוֹ לֵילֵךְ לִמְקוֹם וַעַד, וְיִפְטֹר יְבִמְתּוֹ (הַגָּהוֹת אַלְפָסִי פ' מִצְוַת חֲלִיצָה):

A yevama (widow subject to levirate marriage) goes [to court] according to the place of the yavam (living brother of her husband), and the court advises them appropriately, whether to consummate levirate marriage or to undergo chalitza (ceremony to break levirate bond). Rama: This rule applies when the yavam is in his place of residence, and there is a court in town. But if he has traveled elsewhere, we do not force the widow to go after him (Nimukei Yosef, end of chapter Zeh Borer - Sanhedrin). Similarly if he lives among Kuthites (non-Jews) or non-educated [Jews] who do not know the rules of chalitza, the judges are not required to go after him, but can force him to come to the place of assembly (court) and he frees his yevama (Hagahot Alfasi chapter Mitzvat Chalitza - Yevamot).

Se’if 2ב׳

מִן הַתּוֹרָה אֵין צָרִיךְ לְקַדְּשָׁהּ, אֶלָּא בָּא עָלֶיהָ. וַחֲכָמִים תִּקְּנוּ שֶׁלֹּא יָבֹא עָלֶיהָ עַד שֶׁיְּקַדְּשֶׁנָּה בִּפְנֵי עֵדִים, בְּכֶסֶף אוֹ בִּשְׁטָר, וְהוּא נִקְרָא מַאֲמָר. הַגָּה: וְאִם קִדְּשָׁהּ בִּשְׁטָר, נַמֵּי מִקְּרֵי מַאֲמָר (מ"מ פ"ב). וַאֲפִלּוּ נָתַן לָהּ פְּרוּטָה וְאָמַר לָהּ: הֲרֵי אַתְּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לִי בְּזוֹ וּבְקִדּוּשֵׁי אָחִי, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת, דְּהָוֵי כְּמִלְוֶה וּפְרוּטָה (רִיבָ"שׁ סִימָן קס"ב). וּצְרִיכָה גַּם כֵּן חֻפָּה אַחַר קִדּוּשִׁין, כְּמוֹ שְׁאָר אִשָּׁה. וְיָכוֹל לַעֲשׂוֹת מַאֲמָר עַל יְדֵי שָׁלִיחַ, כְּמוֹ בִּשְׁאָר קִדּוּשִׁין (שָׁם סִימָן א'). וְאִם בָּא עָלֶיהָ בְּלֹא מַאֲמָר, קָנָה, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לַחֲזֹר וּלְקַדֵּשׁ, וּמַכִּין אוֹתוֹ מַכַּת מַרְדּוּת. וְדַוְקָא שֶׁבָּא עָלֶיהָ בִּפְנֵי עֵדִים:

According to the Torah, he doesn't need to marry her, rather "come unto her" (have relations). And the Rabbis decreed that he shouldn't "come unto her" until he marries her in front of witnesses, with money or document, and that's called Ma'amar. Ram"a: And if he marries her with a document, that's also called Ma'amar. And even if he gave to her a peruta and says to her, "Behold you are married to me with this and with my brother's marriage," behold [she] is married, since it's like a loan and a peruta (Riva"sh Siman 162). And she also needs the wedding canopy after the marriage, like 0ther woman. And he can do Ma'amar through an agent, like other marriages (ad loc Siman 1). And if he comes unto her without Ma'amar, he acquires her, and he doesn't have to redo and marry her, and we whip him rebellious lashes. Ram"a: And specifically when he comes unto her in front of witnesses.

Se’if 3ג׳

אֵין עוֹשִׂין בָּהּ מַאֲמָר, אֶלָּא מִדַּעְתָּהּ. וּקְטַנָּה שֶׁנִּתְאַלְמְנָה מֵהָאֵרוּסִין, אֵין עוֹשִׂין בָּהּ מַאֲמָר אֶלָּא מִדַּעַת אָבִיהָ:

We don't do Ma'amar with except with her consent. And a minor that was widowed from bethrotal, we only do Ma'amar with her with the consent of her father.

…and 4 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Even HaEzer — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0

English rendered from the Hebrew for this app — The Gematria's own rendering program. A rendering of the words, not a ruling; practical halacha is learned with a rav