הלכות פסולי המוקדשין י״דSacrifices Rendered Unfit 14

Halacha 1א׳

אֵין הַמַּחֲשָׁבָה הוֹלֶכֶת אֶלָּא אַחַר הָעוֹבֵד. אֲבָל מַחֲשֶׁבֶת בַּעַל הַקָּרְבָּן אֵינָהּ מוֹעֶלֶת כְּלוּם. אֲפִלּוּ שָׁמַעְנוּ הַבְּעָלִים שֶׁפִּגְּלוּ וְהָיְתָה מַחֲשֶׁבֶת הָעוֹבֵד נְכוֹנָה הֲרֵי זֶה כָּשֵׁר:

The intention follows only the one who performs the service; but the intention of the owner of the offering avails nothing. Even if we heard the owners render it piggul, an offering rejected by a wrong intention, if the intention of the one performing the service was proper, it is fit.

Halacha 2ב׳

וְאֵין הַמַּחְשָׁבָה מוֹעֶלֶת אֶלָּא מִמִּי שֶׁהוּא רָאוּי לַעֲבוֹדָה. וּבַדָּבָר הָרָאוּי לַעֲבוֹדָה. וּבְמָקוֹם רָאוּי לַעֲבוֹדָה. מִמִּי שֶׁהוּא רָאוּי כֵּיצַד. אֶחָד מִן הַפְּסוּלִין לַעֲבוֹדָה שֶׁקִּבֵּל הַדָּם. אוֹ הוֹלִיךְ. אוֹ זָרַק. וְחִשֵּׁב בִּשְׁעַת הָעֲבוֹדָה מַחֲשֶׁבֶת מָקוֹם אוֹ מַחֲשֶׁבֶת הַזְּמַן. לֹא פָּסַל בְּמַחֲשַׁבְתּוֹ. לְפִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ רָאוּי לַעֲבוֹדָה. וְאוֹתוֹ הַדָּם שֶׁקִּבֵּל אוֹ שֶׁזָּרַק מִקְצָתוֹ יִשָּׁפֵךְ לָאַמָּה. וְאִם נִשְׁאַר דַּם הַנֶּפֶשׁ יַחְזֹר הָרָאוּי לַעֲבוֹדָה וִיקַבֵּל בְּמַחְשָׁבָה נְכוֹנָה. אֲבָל אִם חָשַׁב הַפָּסוּל בִּשְׁעַת שְׁחִיטָה פָּסַל בְּמַחֲשַׁבְתּוֹ. שֶׁהַשְּׁחִיטָה כְּשֵׁרָה בִּפְסוּלִין כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ. יֵשׁ קָרְבָּנוֹת שֶׁאִם נַעֲשׂוּ שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׁמָן כְּשֵׁרִין כְּמוֹ שֶׁיִּתְבָּאֵר. לְפִיכָךְ אִם קִבֵּל הַדָּם כֹּהֵן זֶה שֶׁאֵינוֹ רָאוּי לַעֲבוֹדָה. אוֹ הוֹלִיכוֹ. אוֹ זְרָקוֹ. פָּסַל הַזֶּבַח כְּאִלּוּ עֲשָׂאָהוּ לִשְׁמוֹ שֶׁהוּא פָּסוּל. וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ דַּם הַנֶּפֶשׁ וְחָזַר הַכָּשֵׁר וְקִבֵּל וְזָרַק כְּבָר נִפְסַל הַזֶּבַח. וְלֹא מִפְּנֵי מַחֲשֶׁבֶת שִׁנּוּי הַשֵּׁם פָּסַל אוֹתוֹ אֶלָּא מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא פָּסוּל לַעֲבוֹדָה כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ:

And the intention avails only from one who is fit for the service, and in a thing fit for the service, and in a place fit for the service. From one who is fit — how so? One of those disqualified for the service who received the blood, or carried it, or dashed it, and who at the hour of the service formed an intention of place or an intention of time, has not made it unfit by his intention, since he is not fit for the service; and that blood which he received, or part of which he dashed, is poured out into the channel. And if the life-blood remained, one fit for the service returns and receives it with proper intention. But if the disqualified man formed an intention at the hour of slaughtering, he has made it unfit by his intention, since slaughtering is valid when done by those disqualified, as we have explained. There are offerings which, if they were performed not for their own sake, are fit, as will be explained. Therefore, if this priest who is unfit for the service received the blood, or carried it, or dashed it, he has made the sacrifice unfit, as though he had performed it for its own sake, which is unfit; and even though there is life-blood and one who is fit returned and received and dashed, the sacrifice has already been made unfit. And it is not on account of an intention of change of name that he made it unfit, but because he is unfit for the service, as we have explained.

Halacha 3ג׳

בְּדָבָר הָרָאוּי לַעֲבוֹדָה כֵּיצַד. מִנְחַת הָעֹמֶר שֶׁקְּמָצָהּ שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׁמָהּ הֲרֵי זוֹ כְּמִי שֶׁנַּעֲשֵׂית לִשְׁמָהּ וּשְׁיָרֶיהָ נֶאֱכָלִין. מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא מִן הַשְּׂעוֹרִים וְאֵין הַשְּׂעוֹרִים דָּבָר הָרָאוּי לִשְׁאָר קָרְבָּנוֹת. וְכֵן הַמְחַשֵּׁב בְּמִנְחַת קְנָאוֹת וְהַלְּבוֹנָה עָלֶיהָ קֹדֶם שֶׁיְּלַקֵּט הַלְּבוֹנָה אֵין מַחְשַׁבְתּוֹ מוֹעֶלֶת שֶׁהֲרֵי אֵינָהּ דָּבָר הָרָאוּי לַעֲבוֹדָה. וְכֵן כָּל כַּיּוֹצֵא בָּזֶה:

In a thing fit for the service — how so? The omer meal-offering, of which he took the handful not for its own sake, is as one performed for its own sake, and its remnants are eaten, since it is of barley, and barley is not a thing fit for the rest of the offerings. And so too one who forms an intention concerning the meal-offering of jealousy while the frankincense is still upon it, before he gathers the frankincense — his intention does not avail, since it is not a thing fit for the service. And so with all the like of this.