הלכות שגגות ט׳Offerings for Unintentional Transgressions 9

Chapter 9 of 15 in Offerings for Unintentional Transgressions — 13 halachot

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Halacha 1א׳

עַל חָמֵשׁ עֲבֵרוֹת מֵבִיא קָרְבַּן אָשָׁם וְהוּא הַנִּקְרָא אָשָׁם וַדַּאי שֶׁהֲרֵי אֵינוֹ בָּא מִשּׁוּם סָפֵק. וְאֵלּוּ הֵן. עַל שִׁפְחָה חֲרוּפָה וְעַל הַגֵּזֶל וְעַל הַמְּעִילָה וְעַל טֻמְאַת נָזִיר וְעַל הַצָּרַעַת כְּשֶׁיִּטְהַר מִמֶּנָּה. עַל שִׁפְחָה חֲרוּפָה כֵּיצַד. הַבָּא עַל שִׁפְחָה חֲרוּפָה בֵּין בְּזָדוֹן בֵּין בִּשְׁגָגָה מֵבִיא אָשָׁם. וְהוּא שֶׁתִּהְיֶה גְּדוֹלָה וּמְזִידָה וּבִרְצוֹנָהּ וְתִהְיֶה בְּעוּלָה כְּדַרְכָּהּ וּבִגְמַר בִּיאָה כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּלְקֶה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יט כ) "בִּקֹּרֶת תִּהְיֶה" (ויקרא יט כא) "וְהֵבִיא אֶת אֲשָׁמוֹ" הִיא לוֹקָה וְהוּא מֵבִיא קָרְבָּן:

For five transgressions one brings a guilt-offering, and this is what is called a certain guilt-offering, since it does not come on account of a doubt. And these are they: for a designated maidservant, for robbery, for trespass upon consecrated property, for a nazirite's defilement, and for leprosy, when he is purified from it. For a designated maidservant, how so? One who has intercourse with a designated maidservant, whether deliberately or unwittingly, brings a guilt-offering; and that is when she is of age and acted deliberately and willingly, and was lain with in the ordinary manner and to the completion of intercourse, so that she is flogged, as it is said (Leviticus 19:20-21), "there shall be an inquest... and he shall bring his guilt-offering": she is flogged and he brings an offering.

Halacha 2ב׳

וּמִפִּי הַשְּׁמוּעָה לָמְדוּ שֶׁבִּזְמַן שֶׁהִיא חַיֶּבֶת מַלְקוֹת הוּא חַיָּב בְּקָרְבָּן וּבִזְמַן שֶׁהִיא פְּטוּרָה מִן הַמַּלְקוֹת הוּא פָּטוּר מִן הַקָּרְבָּן:

And from tradition they learned that whenever she is liable to flogging he is liable to an offering, and whenever she is exempt from flogging he is exempt from the offering.

Halacha 3ג׳

בֶּן תֵּשַׁע שָׁנִים וְיוֹם אֶחָד שֶׁבָּא עַל שִׁפְחָה חֲרוּפָה. הִיא לוֹקָה וְהוּא מֵבִיא קָרְבָּן. וְיֵרָאֶה לִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מֵבִיא עַד שֶׁיַּגְדִּיל וְיִהְיֶה בֶּן דַּעַת:

A boy of nine years and one day who has intercourse with a designated maidservant — she is flogged and he brings an offering. And it appears to me that he does not bring it until he grows up and is of understanding.

Halacha 4ד׳

כְּבָר בֵּאַרְנוּ בְּהִלְכוֹת בִּיאוֹת אֲסוּרוֹת מַה הִיא הַשִּׁפְחָה הַחֲרוּפָה הָאֲמוּרָה בַּתּוֹרָה. וְשֶׁאֵינָן חַיָּבִין עַד שֶׁיִּבְעל כְּדַרְכָּהּ וְיִגְמֹר. לְפִיכָךְ אִם אָמְרוּ לוֹ שְׁנַיִם בָּעַלְתָּ שִׁפְחָה חֲרוּפָה וְהוּא אוֹמֵר לֹא בָּעַלְתִּי נֶאֱמָן וְאֵינוֹ מֵבִיא קָרְבָּן עַל פִּיהֶן. שֶׁהֲרֵי הוּא יוֹדֵעַ אִם גָּמַר בִּיאָתוֹ אוֹ לֹא גָּמַר וְזֶה שֶׁאָמַר לֹא בָּעַלְתִּי כְּלוֹמַר לֹא גָּמַרְתִּי:

We have already explained in the Laws of Forbidden Intercourse what the designated maidservant spoken of in the Torah is, and that they are not liable until he lies with her in the ordinary manner and completes the act. Therefore, if two men said to him, "You lay with a designated maidservant," and he says, "I did not lie with her," he is believed and does not bring an offering upon their word; for he himself knows whether he completed his act or did not complete it, and in saying "I did not lie with her" he means, "I did not complete the act."

Halacha 5ה׳

הַבָּא עַל הַשִּׁפְחָה בִּיאוֹת הַרְבֵּה אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא אָשָׁם אֶחָד. כֵּיצַד. הַבָּא עַל הַשִּׁפְחָה בִּיאוֹת הַרְבֵּה בְּזָדוֹן אוֹ שֶׁבָּא עָלֶיהָ בִּשְׁגָגָה וְנוֹדַע לוֹ וְחָזַר וּבָא עָלֶיהָ בִּשְׁגָגָה וְנוֹדַע לוֹ. אֲפִלּוּ מֵאָה פְּעָמִים בְּמֵאָה הַעֲלָמוֹת. מַקְרִיב אָשָׁם אֶחָד וּמִתְכַּפֵּר לוֹ עַל הַכּל עַל הַזְּדוֹנוֹת שֶׁבָּהּ וְעַל הַשְּׁגָגוֹת. בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים בְּשִׁפְחָה אַחַת. אֲבָל הַבָּא עַל שְׁפָחוֹת הַרְבֵּה אֲפִלּוּ בְּהֶעְלֵם אַחַת חַיָּב אָשָׁם עַל כָּל שִׁפְחָה וְשִׁפְחָה:

One who has intercourse with the maidservant many times is liable to only one guilt-offering. How so? One who has intercourse with the maidservant many times deliberately, or who had intercourse with her unwittingly and it became known to him, and he went back and had intercourse with her unwittingly and it became known to him — even a hundred times in a hundred lapses of awareness — offers one guilt-offering, and atonement is made for him for all of it, for the deliberate acts within it and for the unintentional ones. To what does this apply? To one maidservant. But one who has intercourse with many maidservants, even in a single lapse of awareness, is liable to a guilt-offering for each and every maidservant.

…and 8 more halachot in this chapter.

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Mishneh Torah, Torat Emet 363 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: rendered from the Hebrew for this app — our own, not a borrowed translation