הלכות עבודה זרה וחוקות הגויים ד׳Foreign Worship and Customs of the Nations 4

Halacha 1א׳

מַדִּיחֵי עִיר מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ נִסְקָלִין אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא עָבְדוּ עֲבוֹדַת כּוֹכָבִים אֶלָּא הִדִּיחוּ אֶת יוֹשְׁבֵי עִירָם עַד שֶׁעָבְדוּ אוֹתָהּ. וְאַנְשֵׁי הָעִיר הַמֻּדָּחִין נֶהֱרָגִין בְּסַיִף וְהוּא שֶׁעָבְדוּ עֲבוֹדַת כּוֹכָבִים אוֹ שֶׁקִּבְּלוּהָ עֲלֵיהֶם בֶּאֱלוֹהַּ. וְאַזְהָרָה לַמַּדִּיחַ מִנַּיִן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר לֹא יִשָּׁמַע עַל פִּיךָ:

Those who seduce a city of Israel to idolatry are put to death by stoning, even if they themselves did not worship an idol but only seduced the inhabitants of their city to do so. The seduced inhabitants are put to death by the sword, provided that they worshipped an idol or accepted it as a god. Whence is the prohibition of seduction to idolatry inferred ? From the text "Neither let it be heard out of thy mouth (Ex. 23:13).

Halacha 2ב׳

אֵין הָעִיר נַעֲשֵׂית עִיר הַנִּדַּחַת עַד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מַדִּיחֶיהָ מִתּוֹכָהּ וּמֵאוֹתוֹ הַשֵּׁבֶט שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר מִקִּרְבֶּךָ (דברים יג יד) "וַיַּדִּיחוּ אֶת יוֹשְׁבֵי עִירָם". וְעַד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מַדִּיחֶיהָ שְׁנַיִם אוֹ יֶתֶר עַל שְׁנַיִם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים יג יד) "יָצְאוּ אֲנָשִׁים בְּנֵי בְלִיַּעַל וַיַּדִּיחוּ אֶת ישְׁבֵי עִירָם". וְעַד שֶׁיַּדִּיחוּ רֻבָּהּ. וְיִהְיוּ הַמֻּדָּחִין מִמֵּאָה וְעַד רֻבּוֹ שֶׁל שֵׁבֶט. אֲבָל אִם הֻדַּח רֻבּוֹ שֶׁל שֵׁבֶט דָּנִין אוֹתָם כִּיחִידִים שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים יג טז) "ישְׁבֵי הָעִיר" לֹא כְּפָר קָטָן וְלֹא כְּרַךְ גָּדוֹל. וְכָל פָּחוֹת מִמֵּאָה כְּפָר קָטָן. וְרֻבּוֹ שֶׁל שֵׁבֶט כְּרַךְ גָּדוֹל. וְכֵן אִם הִדִּיחוּהָ נָשִׁים אוֹ קְטַנִּים אוֹ שֶׁהִדִּיחָהּ יָחִיד אוֹ שֶׁהֻדְּחָה מִעוּטָהּ אוֹ שֶׁהֻדְּחוּ מֵאֲלֵיהֶן אוֹ שֶׁהָיוּ מַדִּיחֶיהָ מִחוּצָה לָהּ אֵין דָּנִין בָּהּ דִּין עִיר הַנִּדַּחַת אֶלָּא הֲרֵי הֵן כִּיחִידִים שֶׁעָבְדוּ עֲבוֹדַת כּוֹכָבִים וְסוֹקְלִין כָּל מִי שֶׁעָבַד וּמָמוֹנָן לְיוֹרְשֵׁיהֶן כִּשְׁאָר הֲרוּגֵי בֵּית דִּין:

A city does not become a seduced city unless those who have led it astray belong to it and are of the same tribe as the rest of its inhabitants, as it is said, "From the midst of thee, and they have drawn away the inhabitants of their city" (Deut. 13:14); unless the seducers are two or more than two, as it is said "Certain base fellows are gone out…. and have drawn away the inhabitants of their city" (ibid 13:14); and unless those seduced are the majority of its inhabitants and number from one hundred up to the majority of the tribe. But if the majority of a tribe has been led astray, they are judged individually, as it is said, "the inhabitants of that city" (Deut. 13:16), that is, not of a small village nor of a large capital. A population of less than a hundred forms a small village and the majority of a tribe constitutes a large capital. So too, if women or children have seduced it, or a single male adult has done so, or a minority only of its inhabitants have been led astray, or if they have gone astray of themselves, or the seducers came from outside—in all these cases, the law of the seduced city is not applied to it; the inhabitants are regarded as individuals who have worshipped idolatry. Whoever has transgressed is put to death by stoning, while the transgressors' property passes to their heirs, as in the case of other malefactors, executed by sentence of a judicial court.

Halacha 3ג׳

אֵין דָּנִין עִיר הַנִּדַּחַת אֶלָּא בְּבֵית דִּין שֶׁל אֶחָד וְשִׁבְעִים שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים יז ה) "וְהוֹצֵאתָ אֶת הָאִישׁ הַהוּא אוֹ אֶת הָאִשָּׁה הַהִיא אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ אֶת הַדָּבָר הָרָע הַזֶּה אֶל שְׁעָרֶיךָ", יְחִידִים נֶהֱרָגִים בְּבֵית דִּין שֶׁל כָּל שַׁעַר וְשַׁעַר וְאֵין הַמְרֻבִּים נֶהֱרָגִין אֶלָּא בְּבֵית דִּין הַגָּדוֹל:

A seduced city may only be tried by a Court of seventy-one judges, as it is said "Then shalt thou bring forth that man or that woman who have done this evil thing unto thy gates" (Deut. 17:5), which means that individual offenders are executed by the sentence of a court at the gate (Tribal court of twenty-three judges); but majorities of cities are only executed if tried and sentenced by the Supreme Court (Seventy-one judges).