הלכות עבודה זרה וחוקות הגויים י״אForeign Worship and Customs of the Nations 11

Halacha 1א׳

אֵין הוֹלְכִין בְּחֻקּוֹת הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וְלֹא מִדַּמִּין לָהֶן לֹא בְּמַלְבּוּשׁ וְלֹא בְּשֵׂעָר וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּהֶן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא כ כג) "וְלֹא תֵלְכוּ בְּחֻקּוֹת הַגּוֹי". וְנֶאֱמַר (ויקרא יח ג) "וּבְחֻקֹּתֵיהֶם לֹא תֵלֵכוּ". וְנֶאֱמַר (דברים יב ל) "הִשָּׁמֶר לְךָ פֶּן תִּנָּקֵשׁ אַחֲרֵיהֶם". הַכּל בְּעִנְיָן אֶחָד הוּא מַזְהִיר שֶׁלֹּא יִדְמֶה לָהֶן. אֶלָּא יִהְיֶה הַיִּשְׂרָאֵל מֻבְדָּל מֵהֶן וְיָדוּעַ בְּמַלְבּוּשׁוֹ וּבִשְׁאָר מַעֲשָׂיו כְּמוֹ שֶׁהוּא מֻבְדָּל מֵהֶן בְּמַדָּעוֹ וּבְדֵעוֹתָיו. וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר (ויקרא כ כו) "וָאַבְדִּל אֶתְכֶם מִן הָעַמִּים". לֹא יִלְבַּשׁ בְּמַלְבּוּשׁ הַמְיֻחָד לָהֶן. וְלֹא יְגַדֵּל צִיצִית רֹאשׁוֹ כְּמוֹ צִיצִית רֹאשָׁם. וְלֹא יְגַלֵּחַ מִן הַצְּדָדִין וְיַנִּיחַ הַשֵּׂעָר בָּאֶמְצַע כְּמוֹ שֶׁהֵן עוֹשִׂין וְזֶה הַנִּקְרָא בְּלוֹרִית. וְלֹא יְגַלֵּחַ הַשֵּׂעָר מִכְּנֶגֶד פָּנָיו מֵאֹזֶן לְאֹזֶן וְיַנִּיחַ הַפֶּרַע מִלְּאַחֲרָיו כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁעוֹשִׂין הֵן. וְלֹא יִבְנֶה מְקוֹמוֹת כְּבִנְיַן הֵיכָלוֹת שֶׁל עַכּוּ"ם כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּכָּנְסוּ בָּהֶן רַבִּים כְּמוֹ שֶׁהֵן עוֹשִׂין. וְכָל הָעוֹשֶׂה אַחַת מֵאֵלּוּ וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּהֶן לוֹקֶה:

We do not follow the statutes of the idolaters, nor make ourselves like them — neither in dress, nor in hair, nor in anything of that kind — as it is said (Leviticus 20:23), "And you shall not walk in the statutes of the nation," and it is said (Leviticus 18:3), "And in their statutes you shall not walk," and it is said (Deuteronomy 12:30), "Take heed to yourself, lest you be ensnared to follow them." All of these are one matter: he is warning that one should not make himself like them; rather the Israelite should be set apart from them and recognizable by his dress and by the rest of his deeds, just as he is set apart from them in his knowledge and in his opinions. And so it says (Leviticus 20:26), "And I have set you apart from the peoples." He shall not wear a garment that is peculiar to them; he shall not let the lock of his head grow as the lock of their head; he shall not shave the sides and leave the hair in the middle in the way that they do — and this is what is called a belorit; he shall not shave the hair from the front of his face, from ear to ear, and leave the growth behind, in the manner that they do; and he shall not build places after the fashion of the temples of the idolaters, so that many should enter into them as they do. And anyone who does one of these things, or anything like them, is flogged.

Halacha 2ב׳

עַכּוּ"ם שֶׁהָיָה מִסְתַּפֵּר מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל כֵּיוָן שֶׁהִגִּיעַ לִבְלוֹרִיתוֹ קָרוֹב שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת לְכָל רוּחַ שׁוֹמֵט אֶת יָדוֹ:

An idolater who was having his hair cut by an Israelite: once the Israelite reaches his belorit, within about three fingerbreadths on every side, he withdraws his hand.

Halacha 3ג׳

יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁהָיָה קָרוֹב לַמַּלְכוּת וְצָרִיךְ לֵישֵׁב לִפְנֵי מַלְכֵיהֶם וְהָיֳה לוֹ גְּנַאי לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא יִדְמֶה לָהֶן הֲרֵי זֶה מֻתָּר לִלְבּשׁ בְּמַלְבּוּשֵׁיהֶן וּלְגַלֵּחַ כְּנֶגֶד פָּנָיו כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁהֵן עוֹשִׂין:

An Israelite who is close to the kingdom and needs to sit before their kings, and for whom it is a disgrace not to resemble them — he is permitted to wear their garments and to shave the front of his face in the manner that they do.