הלכות טומאת מת כ״דDefilement by a Corpse 24

Halacha 4ד׳

כֹּתֶל שֶׁבֵּין שְׁנֵי בָּתִּים וְטֻמְאָה בְּתוֹךְ הַכֹּתֶל. בַּיִת הַקָּרוֹב לַטֻּמְאָה טָמֵא וְהַקָּרוֹב לַטָּהֳרָה טָהוֹר. הָיְתָה מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה שְׁנֵיהֶן טְמֵאִין. הָיְתָה הַטֻּמְאָה בְּאֶחָד מִשְּׁנֵי הַבָּתִּים וְהַכֵּלִים בְּתוֹךְ הַכֹּתֶל מֵחֶצְיוֹ וּכְלַפֵּי טֻמְאָה טְמֵאִים מֵחֶצְיוֹ וּכְלַפֵּי טָהֳרָה טְהוֹרִין מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה טְמֵאִין. וְכֵן מַעֲזִיבָה שֶׁבֵּין הַבַּיִת וְהָעֲלִיָּה וְהַטֻּמְאָה בְּתוֹךְ מַעֲזִיבָה. מֵחֶצְיוֹ וּלְמַטָּה הַבַּיִת טָמֵא וְהָעֲלִיָּה טְהוֹרָה מֵחֶצְיָהּ וּלְמַעְלָה הָעֲלִיָּה טְמֵאָה וְהַבַּיִת טָהוֹר מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה שְׁנֵיהֶן טְמֵאִין. הָיְתָה טֻמְאָה בְּאֶחָד מֵהֶן וְכֵלִים בְּתוֹךְ הַמַּעֲזִיבָה מֵחֶצְיָהּ וּכְלַפֵּי טֻמְאָה טְמֵאִין מֵחֶצְיָהּ וּכְלַפֵּי טָהֳרָה טְהוֹרִין מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה שְׁנֵיהֶן טְמֵאִין. הָיְתָה הַמַּעֲזִיבָה לַאֲוִיר וְטֻמְאָה בְּתוֹכָהּ מֵחֶצְיָהּ וּלְמַטָּה הַבַּיִת טָמֵא וְהָעוֹמֵד מִלְּמַעְלָה אֲפִלּוּ כְּנֶגֶד הַטֻּמְאָה טָהוֹר שֶׁהֲרֵי פָּשְׁטָה הַטֻּמְאָה בְּכָל הַבַּיִת. הָיְתָה הַטֻּמְאָה מֵחֶצְיָהּ וּלְמַעְלָה הַבַּיִת טָהוֹר וְהָעוֹמֵד מִלְּמַעְלָה כְּנֶגֶד הַטֻּמְאָה טָמֵא. מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה הַבַּיִת טָמֵא וְהָעוֹמֵד מִלְּמַעְלָה כְּנֶגֶד הַטֻּמְאָה טָמֵא שֶׁהֲרֵי אִי אֶפְשָׁר לְצַמְצֵם:

A wall that is between two houses, with the impurity within the wall: the house that is nearer to the impurity is impure, and the one that is nearer to the pure side is pure; if it was half and half, both of them are impure. If the impurity was in one of the two houses and the vessels were within the wall: from its half toward the impurity, they are impure; from its half toward the pure side, they are pure; half and half, they are impure. And so too the plaster flooring that is between the house and the upper storey, with the impurity within the flooring: from its half and downwards, the house is impure and the upper storey is pure; from its half and upwards, the upper storey is impure and the house is pure; half and half, both of them are impure. If the impurity was in one of them and vessels were within the flooring: from its half toward the impurity, they are impure; from its half toward the pure side, they are pure; half and half, both are impure. If the flooring was open to the air and the impurity was within it: from its half and downwards, the house is impure, and one who stands above, even opposite the impurity, is pure, since the impurity has spread through the whole house. If the impurity was from its half and upwards, the house is pure and one who stands above opposite the impurity is impure. Half and half, the house is impure and one who stands above opposite the impurity is impure, since it is impossible to be exact.

Halacha 5ה׳

וְכֵן כֹּתֶל הַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ אֶת הַבַּיִת יִדּוֹן מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה. כֵּיצַד. כֹּתֶל שֶׁהוּא לַאֲוִיר וְגַג הַבַּיִת סָמוּךְ לַכֹּתֶל וְאֵינוֹ מֻרְכָּב עַל הַכֹּתֶל וְטֻמְאָה רְצוּצָה בְּתוֹךְ הַכֹּתֶל הָיְתָה מֵחֶצְיוֹ וּלְפָנִים הַבַּיִת טָמֵא וְהָעוֹמֵד מִלְּמַעְלָה עַל רֹאשׁ הַכֹּתֶל טָהוֹר כְּעוֹמֵד עַל גַּג הַבַּיִת. הָיְתָה מֵחֶצְיוֹ וְלַחוּץ הַבַּיִת טָהוֹר וְהָעוֹמֵד מִלְּמַעְלָה כְּנֶגֶד הַטֻּמְאָה טָמֵא שֶׁהֲרֵי לֹא פָּשְׁטָה הַטֻּמְאָה בְּתוֹךְ הַבַּיִת. הָיְתָה הַטֻּמְאָה מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה הַבַּיִת טָמֵא וְהָעוֹמֵד מִלְּמַעְלָה טָהוֹר שֶׁהֲרֵי פָּשְׁטָה הַטֻּמְאָה בַּבַּיִת. נָטַל מֵהַכֹּתֶל מִבִּפְנִים אוֹ שֶׁהוֹסִיף בַּכֹּתֶל מִבַּחוּץ עַד שֶׁנִּמְצֵאת הַטֻּמְאָה מֵחֲצִי כֹּתֶל וּלְפָנִים הַבַּיִת טָמֵא. נָטַל מִבַּחוּץ אוֹ שֶׁהוֹסִיף בָּעֳבִי הַכֹּתֶל מִבִּפְנִים עַד שֶׁנִּמְצֵאת הַטֻּמְאָה מֵחֲצִי כֹּתֶל וְלַחוּץ הַבַּיִת טָהוֹר. הָיְתָה הַטֻּמְאָה נְתוּנָה עַל גַּבֵּי הַכֹּתֶל אֲפִלּוּ מֵחֶצְיוֹ וּלְפָנִים הַבַּיִת טָהוֹר:

And so too a wall that serves the house is judged half and half. How so? A wall that is open to the air, with the roof of the house adjoining the wall but not resting upon the wall, and compressed impurity within the wall: if it was from its half and inwards, the house is impure, and one who stands above upon the top of the wall is pure, like one who stands upon the roof of the house. If it was from its half and outwards, the house is pure, and one who stands above opposite the impurity is impure, since the impurity has not spread within the house. If the impurity was half and half, the house is impure and one who stands above is pure, since the impurity has spread through the house. If he took away from the wall on the inside, or added to the wall on the outside, until the impurity is found to be from the half of the wall and inwards, the house is impure. If he took away on the outside, or added to the thickness of the wall on the inside, until the impurity is found to be from the half of the wall and outwards, the house is pure. If the impurity was placed upon the top of the wall, then even from its half and inwards, the house is pure.