שביעית ג׳Sheviit 3

Perek 3 of 10 in Sheviit — 10 mishnayot

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Mishnah 1א׳

מֵאֵימָתַי מוֹצִיאִין זְבָלִים לְאַשְׁפַתּוֹת. מִשֶּׁיִּפְסְקוּ עוֹבְדֵי עֲבוֹדָה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, מִשֶּׁיִּבַשׁ הַמָּתוֹק. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, מִשֶּׁיִּקְשֹׁר:

From when can one take out dung to the dung-heaps? From the time the workers cease their work--these are the words of Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yehudah says, from when the "sweet stuff" has dried out. Rabbi Yossi says, from when they are tied [the "sweet stuff" is so dried it forms knots].

Mishnah 2ב׳

עַד כַּמָּה מְזַבְּלִין, עַד שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁלֹשׁ אַשְׁפַּתּוֹת לְבֵית סְאָה שֶׁל עֶשֶׂר עֶשֶׂר מַשְׁפֵּלוֹת שֶׁל לֶתֶךְ לֶתֶךְ. מוֹסִיפִין עַל הַמַּשְׁפֵּלוֹת, וְאֵין מוֹסִיפִין עַל הָאַשְׁפַּתּוֹת. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אַף עַל הָאַשְׁפַּתּוֹת:

How much dung may be deposited? Three dung-heaps to every Beit Se'ah [an area of 50 x 50 cubits] [consisting of a minimum of] ten baskets of a Letekh [specific unit of volume] each. One may add to the [number of] baskets, but not to the [number of] heaps. Rabbi Shimon says, even to the [number of] heaps.

Mishnah 3ג׳

עוֹשֶׂה אָדָם אֶת שָׂדֵהוּ שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁלֹשׁ אַשְׁפַּתּוֹת לְבֵית סְאָה. יָתֵר מִכָּאן, מַחֲצִיב, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹסְרִין, עַד שֶׁיַּעֲמִיק שְׁלֹשָׁה, אוֹ עַד שֶׁיַּגְבִּיהַּ שְׁלֹשָׁה. עוֹשֶׂה אָדָם אֶת זִבְלוֹ אוֹצָר. רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹסֵר, עַד שֶׁיַּעֲמִיק שְׁלֹשָׁה, אוֹ עַד שֶׁיַּגְבִּיהַּ שְׁלֹשָׁה. הָיָה לוֹ דָבָר מֻעָט, מוֹסִיף עָלָיו וְהוֹלֵךְ. רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן עֲזַרְיָה אוֹסֵר, עַד שֶׁיַּעֲמִיק שְׁלֹשָׁה, אוֹ עַד שֶׁיַּגְבִּיהַּ שְׁלֹשָׁה, אוֹ עַד שֶׁיִּתֵּן עַל הַסָּלַע:

A person may make up to three heaps of manure per Beit Se'ah. Rabbi Shimon says more. The sages forbid [more] unless he has lowered [the surface] three [handbreadths] or raised [the surface] up three [handbreadths]. A person may heap up his manure into one great heap. Rabbi Me'ir forbids, unless he has deepened three [handbreadths] or raised up three [handbreadths]. If he has a small amount, he may continue adding to it. Rabbi Elazar ben Azaryah forbids, unless he has deepened three [handbreadths] or raised up three [handbreadths] or places it on rock.

Mishnah 4ד׳

הַמְדַיֵּר אֶת שָׂדֵהוּ, עוֹשֶׂה סַהַר לְבֵית סָאתַיִם, עוֹקֵר שָׁלֹשׁ רוּחוֹת וּמַנִּיחַ אֶת הָאֶמְצָעִית. נִמְצָא מְדַיֵּר בֵּית אַרְבַּעַת סְאִין. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, בֵּית שְׁמוֹנַת סְאִין. הָיְתָה כָל שָׂדֵהוּ בֵּית אַרְבַּעַת סְאִין, מְשַׁיֵּר מִמֶּנָּה מִקְצָת, מִפְּנֵי מַרְאִית הָעַיִן, וּמוֹצִיא מִן הַסַּהַר וְנוֹתֵן לְתוֹךְ שָׂדֵהוּ כְּדֶרֶךְ הַמְזַבְּלִין:

One who pens in cattle in his field [and thereby collects manure therein] may put up an enclosure over two Beit Se'in. [He may later] uproot three sides, and leave the middle [fence, and then re-fence on the other side of that remaining fence]. So it turns out, he has penned in cattle in [an area of] four Beit Se'in. Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says, [an area of] eight Beit Se'in. If his entire field is four Beit Se'in, he should leave aside a portion of it, on account of mar'it ha'ayin [an action or situation which might be misinterpreted by the casual viewer, who might think it involves a transgression where there is none, or come to permit forbidden actions based on what he has seen]. [When the penned-in area is full,] he may remove [the manure] from the enclosure and put it in his field in the manner of those who deposit manure.

…and 6 more mishnayot in this perek.

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Mishnah, Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0