מעילה ה׳Meilah 5

Mishnah 1א׳

הַנֶּהֱנֶה שָׁוֶה פְרוּטָה מִן הַהֶקְדֵּשׁ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא פָגַם, מָעַל, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, כָּל דָּבָר שֶׁיֶשׁ בּוֹ פְגָם, לֹא מָעַל עַד שֶׁיִּפְגֹּם. וְכָל דָּבָר שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ פְגָם, כֵּיוָן שֶׁנֶּהֱנָה, מָעַל. כֵּיצַד. נָתְנָה קַטְלָא בְצַוָּארָהּ, טַבַּעַת בְּיָדָהּ, שָׁתְתָה בְכוֹס שֶׁל זָהָב, כֵּיוָן שֶׁנֶּהֱנֵית, מָעֲלָה. לָבַשׁ בְּחָלוּק, כִּסָּה בְטַלִּית, בִּקַּע בְּקֻרְדֹּם, לֹא מָעַל עַד שֶׁיִּפְגֹּם. תָּלַשׁ מִן הַחַטָּאת כְּשֶׁהִיא חַיָּה, לֹא מָעַל עַד שֶׁיִּפְגֹּם. כְּשֶׁהִיא מֵתָה, כֵּיוָן שֶׁנֶּהֱנָה, מָעָל:

One who derived even a perutah's [a coin of minimum value] worth of benefit from Temple property, even if he did not decrease its value has violated meilah, these are the words of Rabbi Akiva. The Sages say: anything that can be devalued, one has not violated meilah until its value has actaully decreased. Anything that is not able to be devalued, as soon as he derives benefit from it, has violated meilah. How so? If she [a woman] placed a necklace [belonging to the Temple treasury] around her neck or a ring [belonging to the Temple treasury] on her hand or if one drank from the golden cup [belonging to the Temple treasury] , as soon as he [or she] derived benefit from it, he [or she] has violated meilah. If one wore a shirt or covered himself with a cloak or chopped [wood] with an axe [all of which belonged to the Temple treasury], has not violated meilah until he decreases its value. If he derived benefit from a chatat [sin offering] while it is still alive, he has not violated meilah until he decreases its value. Once it is dead, he violates meilah as soon as he derives benefit from it.

Mishnah 2ב׳

נֶהֱנָה בְכַחֲצִי פְרוּטָה וּפָגַם בְּכַחֲצִי פְרוּטָה, אוֹ שֶׁנֶּהֱנָה בְשָׁוֶה פְרוּטָה בְּדָבָר אֶחָד וּפָגַם בְּשָׁוֶה פְרוּטָה בְּדָבָר אַחֵר, הֲרֵי זֶה לֹא מָעַל, עַד שֶׁנֶּהֱנֶה בְשָׁוֶה פְרוּטָה וְיִפְגֹּם בְּשָׁוֶה פְרוּטָה בְּדָבָר אֶחָד:

If one derived benefit [from an item of Temple treasury property] worth a half a perutah and caused its devaluation of a half a perutah or if he derived a perutah's worth of benefit from one item [of Temple treasury property] and decreased the value of another item by a perutah, he has not violated meilah until he derives a perutah's worth of benefit and causes a perutah's worth of loss to the same item.