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שמות רבה ל״גShemot Rabbah 33

Parashah 33 of 52 in Shemot Rabbah — 8 sections

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Section 1א׳

וְיִקְחוּ לִי תְּרוּמָה, הֲדָא הוּא דִּכְתִיב (משלי ד, ב): כִּי לֶקַח טוֹב נָתַתִּי לָכֶם תּוֹרָתִי אַל תַּעֲזֹבוּ, אַל תַּעֲזֹבוּ אֶת הַמִּקָּח שֶׁנָּתַתִּי לָכֶם, יֵשׁ לְךָ אָדָם שֶׁלּוֹקֵחַ מִקָּח, יֵשׁ בּוֹ זָהָב אֵין בּוֹ כֶסֶף, יֵשׁ בּוֹ כֶסֶף אֵין בּוֹ זָהָב, אֲבָל הַמִּקָּח שֶׁנָּתַתִּי לָכֶם יֵשׁ בּוֹ כֶסֶף, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים יב, ז): אִמְרוֹת ה' אֲמָרוֹת טְהֹרוֹת כֶּסֶף צָרוּף. יֵשׁ בּוֹ זָהָב, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים יט, יא): הַנֶּחֱמָדִים מִזָּהָב וּמִפָּז רָב. יֵשׁ אָדָם לוֹקֵחַ שָׂדוֹת אֲבָל לֹא כְרָמִים, כְּרָמִים וְלֹא שָׂדוֹת, אֲבָל הַמִּקָּח הַזֶּה יֵשׁ בּוֹ שָׂדוֹת וְיֵשׁ בּוֹ כְּרָמִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שיר השירים ד, יג): שְׁלָחַיִךְ פַּרְדֵּס רִמּוֹנִים. יֵשׁ לְךָ אָדָם לוֹקֵחַ מִקָּח וּבְנֵי אָדָם אֵינָן יוֹדְעִין מַהוּ, אֲבָל מִשְֹּׂכַר הַסַּרְסוּר נִתְוַדַּע מַה לָּקַח. כָּךְ הַתּוֹרָה אֵין אָדָם יוֹדֵעַ מַה הִיא, אֶלָּא מִשָֹּׂכָר שֶׁלָּקַח משֶׁה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות לד, כט): וּמשֶׁה לֹא יָדַע כִּי קָרַן עוֹר פָּנָיו בְּדַבְּרוֹ אִתּוֹ. וְיֵשׁ לְךָ מִקָּח שֶׁמִּי שֶׁמְּכָרוֹ נִמְכָּר עִמּוֹ, אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, מָכַרְתִּי לָכֶם תּוֹרָתִי, כִּבְיָכוֹל נִמְכַּרְתִּי עִמָּהּ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְיִקְחוּ לִי תְּרוּמָה, מָשָׁל לְמֶלֶךְ שֶׁהָיָה לוֹ בַּת יְחִידָה, בָּא אֶחָד מִן הַמְּלָכִים וּנְטָלָהּ, בִּקֵּשׁ לֵילֵךְ לוֹ לְאַרְצוֹ וְלִטֹּל לְאִשְׁתּוֹ. אָמַר לוֹ: בִּתִּי שֶׁנָּתַתִּי לְךָ יְחִידִית הִיא, לִפְרשׁ מִמֶּנָּה אֵינִי יָכוֹל, לוֹמַר לְךָ אַל תִּטְלָהּ אֵינִי יָכוֹל לְפִי שֶׁהִיא אִשְׁתֶּךָ, אֶלָּא, זוֹ טוֹבָה עֲשֵׂה לִי, שֶׁכָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁאַתָּה הוֹלֵךְ קִיטוֹן אֶחָד עֲשֵׂה לִי, שֶׁאָדוּר אֶצְלְכֶם, שֶׁאֵינִי יָכוֹל לְהַנִּיחַ אֶת בִּתִּי. כָּךְ אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, נָתַתִּי לָכֶם אֶת הַתּוֹרָה, לִפְרשׁ הֵימֶנָּה אֵינִי יָכוֹל, לוֹמַר לָכֶם אַל תִּטְלוּהָ אֵינִי יָכוֹל, אֶלָּא בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁאַתֶּם הוֹלְכִים בַּיִת אֶחָד עֲשׂוּ לִי שֶׁאָדוּר בְּתוֹכוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות כה, ח): וְעָשׂוּ לִי מִקְדָּשׁ.

“Speak to the children of Israel, and they shall take Me a gift; from every man whose heart pledges, you shall collect My gift” (Exodus 25:2). “They shall take Me a gift” – that is what is written: “For a good lesson [lekaḥ] I have given you: My Torah, do not forsake it” (Proverbs 4:2). Do not forsake the acquisition [mikaḥ] that I gave to you. You have a person who acquires an acquisition, there is gold in it but there is no silver in it, there is silver in it but there is no gold in it. But the acquisition that I gave you, there is silver in it, as it is stated: “The sayings of the Lord are pure sayings, like silver purified” (Psalms 12:7), and there is gold in it, as it is stated: “They are more desirable than gold, than quantities of fine gold” (Psalms 19:11). There is a person who acquires fields but not orchards, orchards but not fields; but this acquisition, there are fields in it and there are orchards in it, as it is stated: “Your irrigated fields are an orchard of pomegranates” (Song of Songs 4:13). You have a person who acquires an acquisition, but people do not know what it is. However, from the fee of the intermediary it is known what he acquired. So too, the Torah, people know what it is only from the reward that Moses received, as it is stated: “Moses did not know that the skin of his face was radiant as He spoke with him” (Exodus 34:29). You have an acquisition that the one who sold it is sold with it. The Holy One blessed be He said to Israel: I sold you the Torah; as it were, I was sold with it, as it is stated: “And they shall take Me a gift.” This is analogous to a king who had an only daughter. One of the kings came and took her [as a wife], and sought to go to his land and take his wife [with him]. He said to him: ‘My daughter whom I gave to you is an only child. To part from her, I am unable; to say to you do not take her, I am unable, because she is your wife. Rather, do this favor for me; wherever you go, prepare a small bedroom for me, so I can live with you, as I cannot forsake my daughter.’ So too, the Holy One blessed be He said to Israel: ‘I gave you the Torah. To leave it, I am unable. To say to you do not take it, I am unable. Rather, every place you go, build a house for Me so I may reside in it,’ as it is stated: “They shall craft a Sanctuary for Me, [and I will dwell among them]” (Exodus 25:8).

Section 2ב׳

דָּבָר אַחֵר, וְיִקְחוּ לִי תְּרוּמָה, הֲדָא הוּא דִּכְתִיב (תהלים סח, יט): עָלִיתָ לַמָּרוֹם שָׁבִיתָ שֶׁבִי, כָּל עִלּוּיֶיךָ לֹא הָיָה אֶלָּא מִן הַמָּרוֹם, עָלִיתָ לַמָּרוֹם, (שמות יט, ג): וּמשֶׁה עָלָה אֶל הָאֱלֹהִים, (שמות כ, כא): וּמשֶׁה נִגַּשׁ אֶל הָעֲרָפֶל. שָׁבִיתָ שֶׁבִי, מֶלֶךְ בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁחֲיָלוֹתָיו נִשְׁבִּים הוּא מֵצַר, תֹּאמַר אַף כָּאן כָּךְ, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר (תהלים סח, יט): לָקַחְתָּ. וּבְשָׁעָה שֶׁאָדָם מוֹכֵר הוּא מֵצַר, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר (תהלים סח, יט): מַתָּנוֹת בָּאָדָם, אָמַר לָהֶם כָּךְ אֲנִי מַעֲלֶה עֲלֵיכֶם כְּאִלּוּ מַתָּנָה נְתַתִּיהָ לָכֶם. (תהלים סח, יט): אַף סוֹרְרִים, אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְמשֶׁה, מָה עוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים אוֹמְרִין שֶׁאֵינִי חוֹזֵר עִמָּהֶם עַל שֶׁעָבְדוּ עֲבוֹדַת כּוֹכָבִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים ט, יב): סָרוּ מַהֵר, אֲפִלּוּ סוֹרְרִים הֵן אֵינִי מַנִּיחַ אוֹתָם וְעִמָּהֶם אֲנִי דָּר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: אַף סוֹרְרִים לִשְׁכֹּן יָהּ אֱלֹהִים.

Another matter: “They shall take Me a gift” – that is what is written: “You ascended on high; you took captives; [you acquired gifts among men; even the deviant, for the Lord God to dwell there]” (Psalms 68:19); all your greatness was only from On High. “You ascended On High” – “Moses ascended to God” (Exodus 19:3), “and Moses approached the thick cloud” (Exodus 20:18). “You took captives” – a king, when his armies are taken captive, he is troubled. Would you say the same is true here? The verse states: “You acquired” (Psalms 68:19) – when a person sells, he is distressed. The verse states: “Gifts among men” (Psalms 68:19) – this is what He said to them: ‘I ascribe in your regard as though I gave it to you as a gift.’ “Even the deviant” (Psalms 68:19) – the Holy One blessed be He said to Moses: ‘What are the idolaters saying? That I will not return to be with [Israel] because they engaged in idol worship, as it is stated: “They have quickly deviated” (Deuteronomy 9:12). Even if they are deviant, I will not forsake them, and I will reside with them,’ as it is stated: “Even the deviant, for the Lord God to dwell” (Psalms 68:19).

Section 3ג׳

דָּבָר אַחֵר, וְיִקְחוּ לִי תְּרוּמָה, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (שיר השירים ה, ב): אֲנִי יְשֵׁנָה וְלִבִּי עֵר, אָמְרָה כְּנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲנִי יָשַׁנְתִּי לִי מִן הַקֵּץ, אֶלָּא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עֵר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים עג, כו): צוּר לְבָבִי וְחֶלְקִי אֱלֹהִים לְעוֹלָם. אֲנִי יְשֵׁנָה מִן הַמִּצְווֹת, אֲבָל זְכוּת אֲבוֹתַי עוֹמֶדֶת לִי וְלִבִּי עֵר. אֲנִי יְשֵׁנָה מִמַעֲשֵׂה הָעֵגֶל, וְלִבִּי עֵר, וְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מַרְתִּיק עָלַי, הֱוֵי: וְיִקְחוּ לִי תְּרוּמָה. (שיר השירים ה, ב): פִּתְחִי לִי אֲחֹתִי רַעְיָתִי, עַד מָתַי אֶהְיֶה מִתְהַלֵּךְ בְּלֹא בַּיִת, (שיר השירים ה, ב): שֶׁרֹאשִׁי נִמְלָא טָל, אֶלָּא עֲשׂוּ לִי מִקְדָּשׁ שֶׁלֹא אֶהְיֶה בַּחוּץ.

Another matter: “They shall take Me a gift” – that is what is written: “I am asleep, but my heart is awake” (Song of Songs 5:2). The congregation of Israel said: I went to sleep regarding the end of days, but the Holy One blessed be He is awake, as it is stated: “God is the Rock of my heart and my portion forever” (Psalms 73:26). “I am asleep” from the mitzvot, but the merit of my patriarchs stands for me, and “my heart is awake.” I am asleep” due to the act of the Calf, “but my heart is awake,” and the Holy One blessed be He cleaves to me; that is, “they shall take Me a gift.” Open for me, my sister, my love” (Song of Songs 5:2) – until when will I be proceeding without a house, “for my head is filled with dew” (Song of Songs 5:2). Rather, “craft a sanctuary for Me” (Exodus 25:8), so I will not be outside.

…and 3 more sections in this chapter.

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Shemot Rabbah — Midrash Rabbah, TE edition, via Sefaria

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