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The Zohar · Chayei Sara

זוהר, חיי שרה כ״אZohar, Chayei Sara 21

Section 21 of 27 in Chayei Sara — 5 segments

Segment 1א׳

רִבִּי אֶלְעָזָר פָּתַח וְאָמַר, (תהילים קי״ט:י״ח) גַּל עֵינַי וְאַבִּיטָה נִפְלָאוֹת מִתּוֹרָתֶךָ. כַּמָה אִינוּן בְּנִי נְשָׁא טִפְּשִׁין דְּלָא יָדְעִין וְלָא מִסְתַּכְּלִין לְאִשְׁתַּדְּלָא בְּאוֹרַיְיתָא, בְּגִין דְּאוֹרַיְיתָא כָּל חַיִּין וְכָל חֵירוּ וְכָל טוּב בְּעַלְמָא דֵין וּבְעַלְמָא דְאָתֵי. (ההוא חירו דעלמא דין ודעלמא דאתי איהו) (נ"א ההוא חירו דעלמא דאתי איהו חיין בעלמא דין). חַיִּין אִינוּן בְּעַלְמָא דֵין דְּיִזְכּוּן לְיוֹמִין שְׁלֵמִין בְּהַאי עַלְמָא כְּמָא דְאַתְּ אָמֵר, (שמות כ״ג:כ״ו) אֶת מִסְפַּר יָמֶיךָ אֲמַלֵּא. וּלְיוֹמִין אֲרִיכִין בְּעַלְמָא דְאָתֵי. בְּגִין דְּאִינוּן חַיִּין שְׁלֵימִין, אִינוּן חַיִּין דְּחֵידוּ, חַיֵּי בְּלָא עֲצִיבוּ, חַיִּין דְּאִינוּן חַיִּין. חֵירוּ בְּעַלְמָא דֵין חֵירוּ דְּכֹלָּא, דְּכָל מַאן דְּאִשְׁתָּדַּל בְּאוֹרַיְיתָא לָא יָכְלִין לְשַׁלְטָאָה עֲלוֹי כָּל עַמִּין דְּעַלְמָא.

R. Eleazar discoursed on the verse: Open thou mine eyes, that I may behold wondrous things out of thy law (Ps. 119, 18). ‘How devoid of discernment,’ he said, ‘are those sons of men who abide in ignorance of the Torah and pay no regard to its study. For it is the Torah that spells life and freedom and felicity in this world and in the world to come. It is life in this world, earning for its devotees fulness of days, as it says, “the number of thy days I will fulfil” (Ex. 23, 26), as well as length of days in the world to come; for the Torah is the very fulness of life, life of bliss without any gloom; it is freedom in this world, complete freedom; for when a man applies himself to the study of the Torah all the nations of the world cannot prevail against him.

Segment 2ב׳

וְאִי תֵימָא אִינוּן בְּנִי שְׁמַד. גְּזֵרָה הִיא מִלְּעֵילָא כְּגוֹן רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא וְחֲבֵרוֹי, וְכָךְ סָלִיק בְּמַחֲשָׁבָה. חֵירוּ דְּמַלְאַךְ הַמָּוֶת דְּלָא יָכִיל לְשַׁלְטָאָה עֲלוֹי, וְהָכִי הוּא וַדַּאי דְּאִי אָדָם הֲוָה אִתְדָּבַּק בְּאִילָנָא דְחַיֵּי דְּאִיהוּ אוֹרַיְיתָא, לָא גָרִים מוֹתָא לֵיהּ וּלְכָל עַלְמָא. וּבְגִין כָּךְ כַּד יָהַב קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא אוֹרַיְיתָא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל מַה כְּתִיב בָּהּ חָרוּת עַל הַלּוּחוֹת וְהָא אוּקְמוּהָ. וְאִלְמָלֵא אִינוּן לָא חָטוּ וְשָׁבְקוּ אִילָנָא דְחַיֵּי, לָא גָרְמוּ מוֹתָא לְעַלְמָא כְּמִלְקַדְּמִין. וְקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא אָמַר (תהילים פ״ב:ו׳) אֲנִי אָמַרְתִּי אֱלֹהִים אַתֶּם וּבְנֵי עֶלְיוֹן כֻּלְּכֶם. חֲבַלְתּוּן גַּרְמֵיכוֹן אָכֵן כְּאָדָם תְּמוּתוּן וְגו'. וְעַל דָּא כָּל מַאן דְּאִשְׁתָּדַּל בְּאוֹרַיְיתָא לָא יָכִיל לְשַׁלְטָאָה עֲלוֹי הַהוּא חִוְיָא בִּישָׁא דְּאַחְשִׁיךְ עָלְמָא.

Such a one also obtains deliverance from the angel of death, who has no power over him. (You may object, What of the martyrs who suffered in times of persecution, such as R. Akibah and his colleagues? These suffered, however, under a special decree from on high in accordance with a special purpose.) Assuredly, had Adam held fast to the tree of life, which is nothing else but the Torah, he would not have brought death upon himself and upon the rest of the world. Hence, in connection with the giving of the Law it is written, “Heruth (freedom) on the tables” (Ex. 32, 16), as explained elsewhere. And had Israel not sinned and forsaken the tree of life they would not have brought death anew into the world. Hence God could say to them, in the words of the Psalmist, “I said, Ye are godlike beings, and all of you sons of the Most High” (Ps. 82, 6), but ye have done hurt to yourselves, and so: “verily like Adam shall ye die, etc.” (Ibid.). Thus whoever applies himself to the study of the Torah is not subject to the power of the evil serpent, the darkener of the world.’

Segment 3ג׳

אָמַר רַבִּי יֵיסָא אִי הָכִי משֶׁה אַמַּאי מִית, דְּאִי הָכִי כֵּיוָן דְּלָא חָב לָא יְמוּת (ואמאי ימות). אָמַר לֵיהּ וַדַּאי מִית, אֲבָל לָא שָׁלָטָא בֵּיהּ קָאַמְרִינָן, אֶלָּא לָא מִית עַל יְדוֹי וְלָא אִסְתָּאַב בֵּיהּ, וְלָא מִית וַדַּאי אֶלָּא אִתְדָּבַּק בִּשְׁכִינְתָּא וְאָזִיל לְחַיֵּי עָלְמָא.

R. Yesa put the question: ‘If that is so, why did Moses die, he having committed no sin?’ R. Eleazar replied: ‘Moses assuredly died, but not by the power of the evil serpent, and so he was not defiled by his hands. Besides, from another aspect, he did not die, but was only drawn up by the Shekinah and departed to eternal life, as has already been explained in connection with the passage, “And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a living man, etc.” (II Sam. 23, 20).

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Zohar — Vocalized Zohar, Israel 2013, via Sefaria

English: The Zohar — Soncino Press, London 1933 (public domain)