The Jerusalem Talmud
כתובות י״גKetubot 13
Perek 13 of 13 in Ketubot — 11 halakhot
Halakhah 1א׳
Mishnah
משנה: שְׁנֵי דַיָינֵי גְזֵילוֹת הָיוּ בִירוּשָׁלֵם אַדְמוֹן וְחָנָן בֶּן אַבְשָׁלוֹם. חָנָן אוֹמֵר שְׁנֵי דְבָרִים אַדְמוֹן אוֹמֵר שִׁבְעָה. מִי שֶׁהָלַךְ לוֹ לִמְדִינַת הַיָּם וְאִשְׁתּוֹ תוֹבַעַת מְזוֹנוֹת חָנָן אָמַר תִּישָּׁבַע בַּסּוֹף וְלֹא תִישָּׁבַע בַּתְּחִילָּה. נֶחְלְקוּ עָלָיו בְּנֵי כֹהֲנִים גְדוֹלִים וְאָמרוּ תִּישָׁבַע בַּתְּחִילָּה וּבַסּוֹף. אָמַר רִבִּי דוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינָס כְּדִבְרֵיהֶן. אָמַר רַבָּן יוֹחָנָן בֶּן זַכַּאי יָפֶה אָמַר חָנָן לֹא תִישָׁבַע אֶלָּא לַבְּסוֹף.
MISHNAH: Two robbery judges were in Jerusalem, Admon and Ḥanan ben Absalom. Ḥanan said two things and Admon seven. If somebody went overseas and his wife now is demanding sustenance, Ḥanan says that she is made to swear in the end. The High Priests’ sons disagreed with him and said, she is made to swear in the beginning and in the end; Rebbi Dosa ben Hyrkanos endorsed their statement. Rabban Joḥanan ben Zakkai said, Ḥanan said correctly that she is made to swear only in the end.
Halakhah
הלכה: שְׁנֵי דַיָינֵי גְזֵילוֹת הָיוּ בִירוּשָׁלֵם כול׳. לֹא כֵן אָמַר רִבִּי פִינְחָס בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי הוֹשַׁעְיָה. אַרְבַּע מְאוֹת וְשִׁשִּׁים בָּתֵּי כְנֵיסִיּוֹת הָיוּ בִירוּשָׁלֵם וְכָל אַחַת וְאַחַת הָיָה לָהּ בֵּית סֵפֶר וּבֵית תַּלְמוּד. בֵּית סֵפֶר לְמִקְרָא ובֵית תַּלְמוּד לַמִּשְׁנָה. וְאֵילּוּ הֵם מְמוּנִּין עַל הַגֶּזֶל. לְּלַמְּדָךְ שֶׁכָּל מִי שֶׁהוּא סִפֵּיקָה בְּיָדוֹ לִמְחוֹת וְאֵינוֹ מַמְחֶה קַלְקָלָה תְלוּיָּה בוֹ. תַּנֵּי בְשֵׁם רִבִּי נָתָן. אַף נָחוּם הַמָּדִי הָיָה עִמָּהֶן. עַל דַּעְתֵּיהּ דְּרִבִּי נָתָן שְׁלֹשָׁה דַיָינֵי גְזֵילוֹת הָיוּ בִירוּשָׁלֵם.
HALAKHAH: “Two robbery judges were in Jerusalem,” etc. Did not Rebbi Phineas say in the name of Rebbi Hoshaia: 469 synagogues were in Jerusalem and each one of them had a Book house and a study house; the Book house for Scripture and the study house for Mishnah? But these two were appointed for robberies; to teach you that if anybody has the power to intervene, if he does not exercise his power the misconduct is attributed to him. It was stated in the name of Rebbi Nathan: Naḥum the Mede also was with them. In Rebbi Nathan’s opinion, three robbery judges were in Jerusalem.
רִבִּי חִזְקִיָּה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי אָחָא. רִבִּי הָיָה דוֹרֵשׁ גֹ מִקְרָייוֹת לִשְׁבָח. וַתֵּשֶׁב בְּפֶתַח עֵינַיִם. וְאֶיפְשַׁר כֵּן. אֲפִילוּ זוֹנָה שֶׁבַּזּוֹנוֹת אֵינָהּ עוֹשָׂה כֵן. אֶלָּא שֶׁתָּלַת עֵינֶיהָ לַפֶּתַח שֶׁכָּל עֵינַיִים מְצַפּוֹת לוֹ. אָמְרָה לְפָנָיו. רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁלְּעוֹלָם. אַל אֵצֵא רֵיקָם מִבַּיִת זֶה. דָּבָר אַחֵר. וַתֵּשֶׁב בְּפֶתַח עֵינַיִם. שֶׁפָּתְחָה לוֹ הָעֵינַיִם וְאָמְרָה לוֹ. פְּנוּיָה אֲנִי וּטְהוֹרָה אֲנִי. וְעֵלִי זָקֵן מְאֹד וגו׳. אֵת אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁכְּבוּן. יַשְׁכִּיבוּן כְּתיב. אָמַר רִבִּי. שֶׁהָיוּ הַנָּשִׁים מֵבִיאוֹת קִינֵּיהֶן לִיטָּהֵר לְבַעֲלֵיהֶן וְהָיוּ מַשְׁהִין אוֹתָן. וּמַעֲלֶה עֲלֵיהֶן הַכָּתוּב כְּאִילּוּ הֵן שׁוֹכְבִין עִמָּן. אָמַר רִבִּי תַנְחוּמָא. הָדָא הִיא דּוּ מְקַנְתֵּר לוֹן. לָמָּה תִבְעֲטוּ בְּזִבְחִי וּבְמִנְחָתִי. אִין תֵּימַר. עֲבֵירָה חֲמוּרָה יֵשׁ כָּאן. מַבְרִיחָן מִן הַחֲמוּרָה וּמְקַנְתְּרָן בַּקַּלָּה. וְלֹא הָלְכוּ בָנָיו בִּדְרָכָיו. שֶׁהָיוּ נוֹטְלִין מַעֲשֵׂר וְדָנִין. אָמַר רִבִּי בְּרֶכְיָה. מַבְרַכְתָּה הָיְתָה עוֹבֶרֶת וְהָיוּ מַנִּיחִין צוֹרְכֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְעוֹסְקִין בַּפְּרַגְמַטָּיָא.
Rebbi Ḥizqiya in the name of Rebbi Aḥa: Rebbi used to explain three verses for praise. “She sat at the entrance to the double spring.” Is this possible? Even the most brazen whore would not do that. But she lifted her eyes to the door to which all hope is directed; she said before Him: Master of the universe, do not let me leave this house empty. Another explanation: “She sat at the entrance to the double spring;” she opened his eyes and told him, I am single and pure. “And Eli was very old; …, that they slept with.” It is written “they bedded them”. Rebbi said, the women were bringing their nests to become purified for their husbands and they were deferring the sacrifices; the verse counts it as if they had slept with them. Rebbi Tanḥuma said, that is what he scolds them for: “Why do you disregard my slaughter sacrifice and my flour sacrifice?” Could he remove them from the serious sin and scold them for the simple one? “His sons did not walk in his ways,” that they were taking tithe and judging. Rebbi Berekhiah said, a camel caravan was passing by, they neglected public needs and dealt in merchandise.
מַעֲשֶׂה בְירִבִּי ישְׁמָעֵאל שֶׁפָּסַק מְזוֹנוֹת לְאִשָּׁה בְשׁוּקֵי בְּצִיפּוֹרִי. מַה בְשׁוּקֵי מִשּׁוּקֵי. שָׁמַע רִבִּי וָמַר. מָאן אָמַר לֵיהּ שֶׁלֹּא שִׁילַּח לָהּ. מָאן אָמַר לִי שֶׁלֹּא הִנִּיחַ לָהּ. עָבְרִין יָדְעִין. רִבִּי הִילָא אָמַר. רִבִּי בָּעֵי. מִיסְבַּר סְבַר רִבִּי דְּלֵית מַתְנִיתָא בְאֵשֶׁת אִישׁ אֶלָּא בְאַלְמָנָה. אָמַר. שְׁמוּאֵל וְרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ תְּרֵיהוֹן אָמְרִין. בְּאַלְמָנָה הִיא מַתְנִיתָא. אָמַר רִבִּי אָבִין. תַּנֵּי דְבֵית רִבִּי כֵּן. מִי שֶׁיָּצָא לִמְדִינַת הַיָּם וְאִשְׁתּוֹ תוֹבַעַת מְזוֹנוֹת. הֲווֹן בְּעֵיי מֵימַר. מָאן דָּמַר. בְּאֵשֶׁת אִישׁ הִיא מַתְנִיתָא. כַּתְּחִילָּה שֶׁלֹּא שִׁילַּח לָהּ. בַּסּוֹף שֶׁלֹּא הִטְמִינָה וְשֶׁלֹּא הֶעֱרִימָה. מָאן דָּמַר. בְּאַלְמָנָה הִיא מַתְנִיתָא. כַּתְּחִילָּה שֶׁלֹּא הִנִּיחַ לָהּ. בַּסּוֹף שֶׁלֹּא הִטְמִינָה וְשֶׁלֹּא הֶעֱרִימָה. אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל אַחֲוָה דְרִבִּי בְּרֶכְיָה. בְּשֶׁלֹּא מָחֲלָה לִיתוֹמִים עַל כְּתוּבָּתָהּ.
It happened that Rebbi Ismael allotted sustenance to a woman in the markets of Sepphoris. What means “in the markets”? From the markets. Rebbi heard this and said, who told him that he did not send her? Who told me that he did not leave for her? Do the passers-by know? Rebbi Hila said, this is what Rebbi asked: Rebbi is of the opinion that the Mishnah does not speak of a married woman but of a widow. He said, Samuel and Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish both say, the Mishnah deals with a widow. It was stated in the House of Rebbi thus: “If somebody left for overseas and his wife demands sustenance.” They wanted to say, for him who says, the Mishnah speaks of a married woman, “in the beginning” that he did not send her, “in the end” that she did not put aside and did not act dishonestly. For him who says, the Mishnah speaks of a widow, “in the beginning” that he did not leave for her, “in the end” that she did not put aside and did not act dishonestly. Samuel, Rebbi Berekhiah’s brother, said, that she did not renounce her ketubah in the orphans’ favor.
הֲרֵי שֶׁיָּצָא הוּא וְאִשְׁתּוֹ לִמְדִינַת הַיָּם וּבָאָת וְאָמְרָה. מֵת בַּעֲלִי. תִּזּוֹן וְתִיטּוֹל כְּתוּבָּתָהּ. גֵּירְשָׁנִי בַעֲלִי. תִּזּוֹן מִכְּתוּבָּתָהּ. מַה נַפְשָׁךְ. אִם הִיא אֵשֶׁת אִישׁ מִשֶׁלְּבַעֲלָהּ הִיא נִיזּוֹנֶת. אִם אֵינָהּ אֵשֶׁת אִישׁ מִכְּתוּבָּתָהּ הִיא נִיזּוֹנֶת. הֲרֵי מִשֶּׁבָּא מִמְּדִינַת הַיָּם וְאִשְׁתּוֹ תוֹבַעַת מְזוֹנוֹת וְאָמַר. יֵצְאוּ מַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיהָ בִמְזוֹנֹתֶיהָ. שׁוֹמְעִין לוֹ. וְאִם פָּסְקוּ בֵית דִּין מַה שֶׁפָּסְקוּ פָסְקוּ. רִבִּי יִרְמְיָה אָמַר. בְּשֶׁאֵין מַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיהָ כְדֵי מְזוֹנָהּ. כְּהָדָא שׁוֹמְעִין לוֹ. כְּמָאן דָּמַר. אֵין מְזוֹנוֹת לְאִשָּׁה מִדְּבַר תּוֹרָה. כְּהָדָא דְתַנֵּי. אֵין בֵּית דִּין פּוֹסְקִין לְאִשָּׁה מְזוֹנוֹת מִדְּמֵי שְׁבִיעִית. אֲבָל נִיזּוֹנֶת הִיא עִם בַּעֲלָהּ בַּשְּׁבִיעִית. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר. בְּשֶׁיֵּשׁ מַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיהָ כְדֵי מְזוֹנָהּ. כְּהָדָא מַה שֶׁפָּסְקוּ פָסְקוּ. תִּיפְתָּר בְּשֶׁפָּסְקוּ יֶתֶר.
If somebody together with his wife left for overseas, then she returns and says, my husband died, she shall be supported and collect her ketubah. My husband divorced me, she shall be supported from her ketubah since, as you take it, if she be a married woman, she must be supported from her husband’s; if she is no longer a married woman, she can be supported from her ketubah. “If somebody returns from overseas and his wife requests support but he says, let her earnings cover her sustenance, one listens to him. But if the court had allotted, what they allotted, they have allotted.” Rebbi Jeremiah said, if her earnings are not enough for her support. In this case, does one listen to him? Following him who says, there is no support for the wife in biblical law, as we have stated: “The court will not determine food for a wife from Sabbatical money, but she may be given Sabbatical produce to eat at her husband’s.” Rebbi Yose says, if her earnings are sufficient for her support. In that case, why what they allotted, they have allotted? Explain it, if they allotted excess.
הֲרֵי שֶׁהָיָה נָתוּן בִּמְדִינַת הַיָּם וְאָמַר. יִינָּתֵנוּ אֵילּוּ לְבָנָיו. בְּנוֹתָיו בִּכְלָל. אִם (בַּשְּׁבִיעִית) [בִּשְׁעָת מִיתָא] אָמַר. יִינָּתֵנוּ אֵילּוּ לְבָנָיו. אֵין בְּנוֹתָיו בִּכְלָל.
If somebody was overseas and said, certain things should be given to his sons, his daughters are included. If he said that when he was dying, certain things should be given to his sons, his daughters are not included.
רִבִּי זְעִירָא רַב חֲנַנְאֵל בְּשֵׁם רַב רִבִּי זְעִירָא בְּשֵׁם אַבָּא בַּר יִרְמְיָה. שְׁנֵי דְבָרִים אָמַר חָנָן הֲלָכָה כְיוֹצֵא בוֹ. שִׁבְעָה דְבָרִים אָמַר אַדְמוֹן אֵין הֲלָכָה כְיוֹצֵא בוֹ. רִבִּי בָּא בַּר זַבְדָּא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יִצְחָק בַּר חֲקוּלָה. בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁשָּׁנִינוּ אָמַר רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל. רוֹאֶה אֲנִי אֶת דִּבְרֵי אַדְמוֹן הֲלָכָה כְיוֹצֵא בוֹ.
Rebbi Ze‘ira, Rav Ḥananel in the name of Rav; Rebbi Ze‘ira in the name of Abba bar Jeremiah: Practice follows Ḥanan in his two statements; practice does not follow Admon in his seven statements. Rebbi Abba bar Zavda in the name of Rebbi Isaac bar Ḥaqula: In every case in which Rabban Simeon ben Gamliel said, I am convinced by Admon’s statement, practice follows him.
Halakhah 2ב׳
Mishnah
משנה: מִי שֶׁהָלַךְ לִמְדִינַת הַיָּם וְעָמַד אֶחָד וּפִירְנֵס אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ חָנָן אָמַר אִיבֵּד אֶת מָעוֹתָיו. נֶחְלְקוּ עָלָיו בְּנֵי כֹהֲנִים גְדוֹלִים וְאָמרוּ יִשָּׁבַע כַּמָּה הוֹצִיא וְיִטּוֹל. אָמַר רִבִּי דוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינָס כְּדִבְרֵיהֶן. אָמַר רַבָּן יוֹחָנָן בֶּן זַכַּאי יָפֶה אָמַר חָנָן הִנִּיחַ מָעוֹתָיו עַל קֶרֶן הַצְּבִי.
MISHNAH: If somebody went overseas and another person provided for his wife, Ḥanan says, he lost his money. The High Priests’ sons disagreed with him and said, let him swear on what he expended, that she shall collect; Rebbi Dosa ben Hyrkanos endorsed their statement. Rabban Joḥanan ben Zakkai said, Ḥanan said correctly that he put his money on a deer’s antler.
Halakhah
הלכה: מִי שֶׁהָלַךְ לוֹ לִמְדִינַת הַיָּם כול׳. רִבִּי בָּא בַּר מָמָל בָּעֵי. הַפּוֹרֵעַ שְׁטַר חוֹבוֹ לַחֲבֵירוֹ שֶׁלֹּא מִדַּעְתּוֹ. תַּפְלוּגְתָא דְּחָנָן וּבְנֵי כֹהֲנִים גְּדוֹלִים. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי. טַעֲמוֹן דִבְנֵי כֹהֲנִים גְּדוֹלִים. תַּמָּן לֹא עָלְתָה עַל דַּעְתּוֹ שֶׁתָּמוּת אִשְׁתּוֹ בְּרָעָב. בְּרַם הָכָא מְפַיֵיס הֲוֵינָא לֵיהּ הוּא מְחֵיל לִי. הַגַּע בְּעַצְמָךְ דַהֲוָה גַבֵּיהּ מַשְׁכּוֹן. מְפַיֵיס הֲוֵינָא לֵיהּ וְהוּא יְהַב לִי מַשְׁכּוֹנִי. עַד כְּדוֹן בְּבַעַל חוֹב שֶׁאֵינוֹ דוֹחֵק. וַאֲפִילוּ בְּבַעַל חוֹב שֶׁהוּא דוֹחֵק. שְׁמָעִינָן מִן הָדָא. וְשׁוֹקֵל אֶת שִׁקלוֹ. וְלֹא שָׁקַל אֵין ממַשְׁכְּנִין אוֹתוֹ. הָדָא אָמְרָה. וַאֲפִילוּ בְּבַעַל חוֹב שֶׁהוּא דוֹחֵק. תֵּדַע לָךְ שֶׁהוּא כֵן. דְּתַנִּינָן. וּמַקְרִיב עָלָיו קִינֵּי זָבִין וְקִינֵּי זָבוֹת קִינֵּי יוֹלְדוֹת חַטָּאוֹת וַאֲשָׁמוֹת. לֹא בְּשֶׁלֹּא̇ נָתַן לְתוֹךְ יָדוֹ כְּלוּם. [וָכָא בְּשֶׁלֹּא יַכְנִס לְתוֹךְ יָדָיו כְּלוּם.]
HALAKHAH: “If somebody went overseas,” etc. Rebbi Abba bar Mamal asked: If somebody pays off somebody else’s debt without the latter’s knowledge, is that the disagreement of Ḥanan and the High Priests’ sons? Rebbi Yose said, there the reason of the High Priest’s sons is that he would not expect his wife to starve. But here, [the debtor could say:] “I could negotiate with him and he would forgive some.” Think of it, if [the loan] was on a pledge! “I could negotiate with him and he would return my pledge.” So far about a creditor who does not push [for repayment]. Even for a creditor who pushes, we can hear from the following: “He may give his šeqel.” If somebody does not pay his šeqel, does one not take a pledge from him? This says, even for a creditor who pushes. You should know that this is so, as we have stated: “He can bring for him nests for males or females suffering from genital discharges, nests for childbirth, purification and reparation offerings” since nothing of these comes to [the other person’s] hand. And here also, that nothing should come into his hand.
רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי אָמַר. אֵין לָךְ נִתְפַּס עַל חֲבֵירוֹ וְחַיָיב לִיתֵּן לֹו אֶלָּא בְּאַרְנוֹן וּבְגוּלְגּוֹלֶת. רַב אָמַר. כָּל הַנִּתְפַּס עַל חֲבֵירוֹ חַיָיב לִיתֵּן לוֹ. חֵיילֵיהּ דְּרַב מִן הָדָא. הַגּוֹזֵל שָׂדֶה וּנְטָלוּהָ מֵצִיקִין. וְלֹא שָׁמַע מַה דְּאָמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. קְנָס קָנְסוּ בְּגוֹזְלָן. רִבִּי אָבִין בָּעֵי. וְהָהֵן דַּהֲוָה רַבָּה. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֵּירִבִּי בּוּן וְרִבִּי חִיָיה בַּר לוּלְיָינִי. תְּרֵיהוֹן בְּשֵׁם שְׁמוּאֵל אָמְרֵי. חַד אָמַר. כְּאַרְנוֹן וּכְגוּלגּוֹלֶת. וְחָרָנָה אָמַר. אֵינָהּ כְּאַרְנוֹן וּכְגוּלגּוֹלֶת.
Rebbi Joshua ben Levi says, nobody is held responsible for his neighbor except for annona and head-tax. Rav said, anything for which one is held responsible for one’s neighbor has to be repaid. The strength of Rav is from the following: “He who appropriated a field and oppressors took it.” He did not hear that Rebbi Joḥanan said, they exacted a fine from a robber. Rebbi Abin asked, what is greater? Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun, and Rebbi Ḥiyya ben Julianus both said in the name of Samuel; one said, it is like annona and head-tax; the other said, it is not like annona and head-tax.
תַּמָּן תַּנִּינָן. מְרַפְּאֵהוּ רִיפּוּי נֶפֶשׁ אֲבָל לֹא רִיפּוּי מָמוֹן. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה וְרִבִּי יוֹסֵי. חַד אָמַר. כָּאן בִּמְדִירָה מִגּוּפוֹ כָּאן בִּמְדִירָה מִנְכָסָיו. וְחָרָנָה אָמַר. כָּאן בְּשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ מִי יְרַפְּאֶנּוּ וְכָאן בְּשֶׁאֵין לוֹ מִי יְרַפְּאֶנּוּ. אִם מִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ מִי יְרַפְּאֶנּוּ אֲפִילוּ רְפוּאַת נֶפֶשׁ לֹא יְרַפְּאֶנּוּ. שֶׁלֹּא מִן הַכֹּל אָדָם זוֹכֶה לְהִתְרַפּאוֹת.
There, we have stated: “He heals him in the sense of personal healing but not in the sense of financial healing.” Rebbi Judan and Rebbi Yose. One of them said, here if the vow refers to his body, there if the vow refers to his property. But the other said, here if he has somebody else who can heal him, there if there is nobody else who can heal him. If he has somebody else who can heal him, he should not be able to heal him personally! Not by everybody is a person successfully healed.
וְלֹא נִיכְסֵי הַמַּחֲזִיר הֵן שֶׁהֵן אֲסוּרִין לְבַעַל הַפָּרָה. עוּלָּא בַּר יִשְׁמָעֵאל בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי יִצְחָק. כְּשֶׁהָיוּ נְכָסָיו שֶׁלָּזֶה אֲסוּרִין לָזֶה וּנְכָסָיו שֶׁלָּזֶה אֲסוּרִין לָזֶה.
Is not the property of the finder forbidden to the owner of the cow? Ulla bar Ismael in the name of Rebbi Isaac: If each man’s property was forbidden to the other.
מָאן תַּנָּא תִּפּוֹל הֲנָיָיה לְהֶקְדֵּשׁ. רִבִּי מֵאִיר. דְּרִבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר. מוֹעֲלִין בָּאֲסוּרוֹת. רִבִּי אָבוּן בַּר חִיָיה בָּעֵי. נָדַר מִן הַכִּכָּר מָהוּ לְחַמֵּם בּוֹ אֶת יָדָיו. נִישְׁמְעִינָהּ מִן הָדָא. אָמַר. הָכִּיכַּר הַזֶּה הֶקְדֵּשׁ. אֲכָלוֹ בֵּין הוּא בֵין אַחֵר מָעַל. לְפִיכָךְ יֵשׁ לוֹ פִדְיוֹן. אִם אָמַר. הֲרֵי זֶה עָלַי. אֲכָלוֹ מָעַל בּוֹ בְטוֹבַת הֲנָאָה. דִּבְרֵי רִבִּי מֵאִיר. אֲחֵרִים לֹא מָעֲלוּ. לְפִיכָךְ אֵין לוֹ פִדְיוֹן. לֹא אָמַר אֶלָּא אֲכָלוֹ. הָא לְחַמֵּם בּוֹ אֶת יָדָיו מוּתָּר. תַּלְמִידוֹי דְּרִבִּי יוֹנָה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי בּוּן בַּר חִיָיה. כֵּינִי בָאוֹמֵר. לֹא אוֹכְלֶינּוֹ וְלֹא אַטְעַמֶּינּוֹ. לֹא אֲסָרוֹ עָלָיו אֶלָּא לַאֲכִילָה. עַד כְּדוֹן צְרִיכָה נָדַר מִן הַכִּכָּר מָהוּ לְחַמֵּם בּוֹ אֶת יָדָיו.
Who is the Tanna of “the gain should be given to the sacred fund”? Rebbi Meïr! For Rebbi Meïr said, one commits sacrilege with prohibitions. Rebbi Abun bar Ḥiyya asked: If somebody made a vow [to forbid] a loaf to himself, can he use it to warm his hands? Let us hear from the following: “If he said, this loaf shall be dedicated, if he or another person ate it, they committed sacrilege; therefore, it can be redeemed. But if he said, it is for me [as if dedicated], if he ate it he committed sacrilege on goodwill but others would not commit sacrilege.” He said only, if he ate it. Therefore, to warm his hands is permitted. The students of Rebbi Jonah in the name of Rebbi Abun bar Ḥiyya: That is if he said I shall not eat it nor taste it; if he forbade only eating to himself. But the question was, if somebody made a vow [to forbid] a loaf to himself, can he use it to warm his hands?
דְּתַנֵּי. מִי שֶׁהָלַךְ לִמְדִינַת הַיָּם וְעָמַד אֶחָד וּפִירְנֵס אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ. אָמַר רִבִּי חַגַּיי. לֹא אָמַר אֶלָּא אַחֵר. הָא הָאָב גּוֹבֶה. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר. בֵּין אָב בֵּין אַחֵר אֵינוֹ גוֹבֶה. וְאַתְיָין אִילֵּין פְּלוּגְוָותָא כְּהַלֵּין פְּלוּגְוָותָא. דְּתַנִּינָן תַּמָּן. וְזַכַּאי בִּמְצִיאָתָהּ וּבְמַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיהָ וּבְהֵפֵר נְדָרֶיהָ וּמְקַבֵּל גִּיטָּהּ וְאֵינוֹ אוֹכֵל פֵּירוֹת בְּחַיֶּיהָ. וְחַיָיב בִּמְזוֹנוֹתֵיהָ וּבְפִירְקוֹנָהּ וּבִקְבוּרָתָהּ. אָמַר רִבִּי חַגַּיי. לֹא אָמְרוּ אֶלָּא הָאָב. הָא אַחֵר אֵינוֹ גוֹבֶה. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר. בֵּין אָב בֵּין אַחֵר גּוֹבֶה. עַל דַּעְתֵּיהּ דְּרִבִּי חַגַּיי. בֵּין לִקְבוּרָה בֵין לִמְזוֹנוֹת הָאָב גּוֹבֶה אַחֵר אֵינוֹ גוֹבֶה. עַל דַּעְתֵּיהּ דְּרִבִּי יוֹסֵי. לִקְבוּרָה בֵּין אָב בֵּין אַחֵר גּוֹבֶה. שֶׁלֹּא עָלַת עַל דַּעַת שֶׁתְּהֵא אִשְׁתּוֹ מוּשְׁלֶכֶת לַכְּלָבִים. וּבִמְזוֹנוֹת בֵּין אָב בֵּין אַחֵר אֵינוֹ גוֹבֶה.
As it was stated: “If somebody went overseas and another person provided for his wife.” Rebbi Ḥaggai said, they said only, another. Therefore, the father can recover. Rebbi Yose says, neither the father nor a third party can recover. There is a parallel disagreement, as we have stated there: “He has the right to what she finds and to her earnings, to dissolve her vows, and to receive her bill of divorce, but cannot eat usufruct in her lifetime… He is required to pay for her upkeep, her ransom, and her burial.” Rebbi Ḥaggai said, they said only, the father. Therefore, a third party cannot recover. Rebbi Yose says, both the father or a third party can recover. In the opinion of Rebbi Ḥaggai, both for burial as for upkeep the father can recover, a third party cannot recover. In the opinion of Rebbi Yose, for burial both the father and also a third party can recover because it is unthinkable that his wife should be thrown to the dogs. For sustenance, neither the father nor a third party can recover.
The Jerusalem Talmud, edition by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer, De Gruyter 1999–2015, via Sefaria — CC BY
English: The Jerusalem Talmud, translation by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer, De Gruyter 1999–2015, via Sefaria — CC BY