יורה דעה שנ״דYoreh De'ah 354

Se’if 1א׳

עִיר שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהּ שְׁנֵי מֵתִים, מוֹצִיאִין אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹן וְאַחַר כָּךְ מוֹצִיאִין הַשֵּׁנִי. וְאִם הָיוּ מְלִינִים הָרִאשׁוֹן, מוֹצִיאִין הַשֵּׁנִי. חָכָם וְתַלְמִיד חָכָם, מוֹצִיאִין הֶחָכָם. תַּלְמִיד חָכָם וְעַם הָאָרֶץ, מוֹצִיאִין תַּלְמִיד חָכָם. אִישׁ וְאִשָּׁה, מוֹצִיאִין הָאִשָּׁה, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁקְּרוֹבָה לְבֵית הַנִּוּוּל. הוֹצִיאוּ הָרִאשׁוֹן וּקְבָרוּהוּ, אֵין עוֹמְדִין עָלָיו בְּשׁוּרָה, וְאֵין אוֹמְרִים עָלָיו בִּרְכַּת אֲבֵלִים וְלֹא תַּנְחוּמֵי אֲבֵלִים, עַד שֶׁיּוֹצִיאוּ הַשֵּׁנִי. הוֹצִיאוּ הַשֵּׁנִי וּקְבָרוּהוּ, בָּאִים וְעוֹמְדִים בְּשׁוּרָה, מְנַחֲמִים וּפוֹטְרִים אֶת הָרַבִּים; וְאֵין מְנַחֲמִים שְׁנֵי אֲבֵלִים כְּאֶחָד, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הָיָה כְּבוֹדָם שָׁוֶה וְקִלּוּסָן שָׁוֶה.

A city wherein two corpses are [awaiting burial], one brings out the first one1The one who died first. and then one brings out the second one.2If the reason for adopting this procedure is that the obligation to bury the first corpse took effect first, then if they both died on the Sabbath at which time the obligation to bury the dead does not take effect, this ruling would not apply. But if the reason is that the first corpse emits a bad odour of decay before the second corpse, the above distinction with respect to the Sabbath would not apply — P.Tesh. If one kept over3Lit. ‘they kept over night.’ If they desire to keep over the first corpse for the sake of his honour, e.g., to wait for the arrival of relatives, or to bring a coffin or burial garments for him (v. infra § 357), they need not keep over the second one on account of the first, since the first corpse will not be brought out for burial at present in any case —TaZ, ShaK. the first [corpse], one brings out the second one. [If] a Hakam and a Talmid5 Glos. Hakam4Sem. has only ‘Talmid.’ It follows that Talmid Ḥakam here means ‘a disciple of a Ḥakam’ in contradistintion to the same term used elsewhere. Kid. 49b; E.H. § 38, 27-28 for the meaning of Ḥakam, and Talmid. Cf. also Ta‘an. 10b, Tosaf. s.v. איזהו; M.Abr. O.Ḥ. § 575 beg. [are awaiting burial], one brings out [first] the Hakam; [if] a Talmid Hakam and an Am Ha-arez,4Sem. has only ‘Talmid.’ It follows that Talmid Ḥakam here means ‘a disciple of a Ḥakam’ in contradistintion to the same term used elsewhere. Kid. 49b; E.H. § 38, 27-28 for the meaning of Ḥakam, and Talmid. Cf. also Ta‘an. 10b, Tosaf. s.v. איזהו; M.Abr. O.Ḥ. § 575 beg. one brings out [first] the Talmid Hakam;6Sem. adds, ‘If both are Ḥakamim or both are Talmidim, or both are Ame Ha-areẓ, they bring out (for burial) the first,’ i.e., the one who died first. [if] a man and a woman, one brings out the woman [first],7Even if the man died first — R. A. Eger. Tashbeẓ states that in this respect there is no difference between a young girl, an elderly woman, and a pregnant or nursing woman — P.Tesh. for she is prone8Lit. ‘near.’ [to be subjected] to pudendal9בית refers euphemistically to the pudenda. This is on account of propriety. Sem. does not have בית. Cf. infra § 355 and Mishna M.K. 27a. disgrace. [After] one brought out the first one and buried him, one does not stand in the line [of comforters] for him, nor does one recite the mourners' benediction for him, nor does one offer condolence to the mourners10In order not to delay the burial of the second — ShaK. until one brings out the second one. [After] one has brought out the second one and buried him, comforters come and stand in the line11The line of comforters is formed for both sets of mourners simultaneously — ShaK. Another reading in Sem. has, ‘and they come and stand in line and comfort.’ and [then the mourners] give leave of departure to the many [comforters].12 M.K. 27a. Two [separate] mourners are not comforted simultaneously13Only one after another or they divide themselves into two groups and they each comfort the respective mourners — ShaK. unless their [degree] of honour and praise is equal.14Sem(H). XI, Thus also Asheri M.K. Sem. ibid. adds here, ‘they do not bring out two corpses on one bier unless their (degree of) honour and praise is equal.’