The Shulchan Aruch · Orach Chayim
אורח חיים ס״גOrach Chayim 63
Siman 63 of 697 in Orach Chayim — 9 se'ifim
הלכות קריאת שמעLaws of Reciting Shema· siman 63
Se’if 1א׳
קוֹרֵא אוֹתָהּ מְהַלֵּךְ, אוֹ עוֹמֵד, אוֹ שׁוֹכֵב, אוֹ רוֹכֵב עַל גַּבֵּי בְּהֵמָה, אוֹ יוֹשֵׁב, אֲבָל לֹא פְּרַקְדָּן, דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁפָּנָיו טוּחוֹת בַּקַּרְקַע, אוֹ מֻשְׁלָךְ עַל גַּבּוֹ וּפָנָיו לְמַעְלָה, אֲבָל קוֹרֵא וְהוּא שׁוֹכֵב עַל צִדּוֹ: הַגָּה: מֵאַחַר שֶׁכְּבָר שׁוֹכֵב וְאִכָּא טִרְחָא לַעֲמֹד (הר"י פ' מִי שֶׁמֵּתוֹ): וְאִם הָיָה בַּעַל בָּשָׂר הַרְבֵּה, וְאֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְהִתְהַפֵּךְ עַל צִדּוֹ, אוֹ שֶׁהָיָה חוֹלֶה, נוֹטֶה מְעַט לְצִדּוֹ וְקוֹרֵא.
[The Laws regarding the requirement] to sit at the time of the recitation of the Shema and to not sleep [during it] - and it contains 9 se'ifim One may recite it [i.e. the Sh'ma] walking, standing, lying, riding on the back of an animal, or sitting, but not "p'rakdan", that is, with one's face into the ground or cast on one's back with one's face upwards, but one may recite while lying on their side. Rem"a: Since one was already lying and it is troublesome to stand up [Ri on the chapter "one whose dead" (B'rakhot 3)] And if one was very heavyset and not able to turn over onto their side or was sick, then they [should] incline a little towards their side and recite [the Sh'ma].
Se’if 2ב׳
מִי שֶׁרוֹצֶה לְהַחְמִיר לַעֲמֹד כְּשֶׁהוּא יוֹשֵׁב, וְלִקְרוֹתָהּ מְעֻמָּד נִקְרָא עֲבַרְיָן.
One who wants to be stringent to stand when one is sitting [in order to] to recite it standing is called a sinner.
Se’if 3ג׳
הָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ [בַּדֶּרֶךְ] וְרָצָה לִקְרוֹת קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע, צָרִיךְ לַעֲמֹד בְּפָסוּק רִאשׁוֹן.
If one was walking on the way and needs to recite the Recitation of the Sh'ma, they must stand [still] during the first verse.
Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim — Torat Emet 363 edition, via Sefaria — public domain
English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0