אורח חיים תי״גOrach Chayim 413

Se’if 1א׳

הַמְעָרֵב לְרַבִּים מִשֶּׁלּוֹ, אוֹמֵר: הֲרֵי עֵרוּב זֶה בִּשְׁבִיל כָּל בְּנֵי הָעִיר, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיְּהֵא בּוֹ מְזוֹן שְׁתֵּי סְעֻדּוֹת לְכָל אֶחָד וְכָל מִי שֶׁיִּרְצֶה יִסְמֹךְ עָלָיו. וְצָרִיךְ לִזְכּוֹת לָהֶם עַל יְדֵי אַחֵר הָרָאוּי, כְּמוֹ בְּעֵרוּבֵי חֲצֵרוֹת. וְעַיֵּן לְעֵיל סי' שס"ו ס"י. וְצָרִיךְ לְהוֹדִיעָם. וְכָל מִי שֶׁהוֹדִיעוֹ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, אֲפִלּוּ לֹא גָּמַר בְּלִבּוֹ לִסְמֹךְ עָלָיו מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם אֶלָּא לְאַחַר שֶׁחָשְׁכָה, הָוֵי עֵרוּב. אֲבָל אִם לֹא הוֹדִיעוֹ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לִסְמֹךְ עָלָיו לְאַחַר שֶׁתֶּחְשַׁךְ. וְכֵן מִי שֶׁהִנִּיחַ עֵרוּב לְכָל שַׁבְּתוֹת הַשָּׁנָה, וְאָמַר: אֵיזֶה מֵהֶם שֶׁאֶרְצֶה אֵלֵךְ וְאֶסְמֹךְ עָלָיו, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא גָּמַר בְּלִבּוֹ עַד לְמָחָר, יָכוֹל לִסְמֹךְ עָלָיו. וְכֵן מִי שֶׁשָּׁמַע שֶׁיֵּשׁ לְחָכָם לָבוֹא, וְאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ לְאֵיזֶה רוּחַ, וְהִנִּיחַ שְׁנֵי עֵרוּבִים וְאָמַר: לְאוֹתוֹ צַד שֶׁיָּבֹא הֶחָכָם יַקְנֶה לִי עֵרוּב לָרוּחַ שֶׁיָּבֹא לוֹ הֶחָכָם, קָנָה לוֹ. אוֹ אָמַר: אִם לֹא יָבֹא כְּלָל אֶהְיֶה כִּבְנֵי עִירִי, אוֹ אִם יָבוֹאוּ שְׁנַיִם לַמָּקוֹם שֶׁאֶרְצֶה אֵלֵךְ, הַכֹּל לְפִי תְּנָאוֹ. וְכֵן אִם אָמַר לִשְׁנַיִם אוֹ לִשְׁלֹשָׁה: הֲרֵינִי מְעָרֵב עַל אֵיזֶה מִכֶּם שֶׁאֶרְצֶה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא בֵּרֵר אֶת מִי רָצָה עַד שֶׁתֶּחְשַׁךְ, הָוֵי עֵרוּב.

Laws of one who makes an eruv for many. Contains one section One who makes an eruv for many from his own food says "this eruv is for all the townspeople, and whoever wishes may rely on it" — provided it contains two meals' worth for each person. He must transfer ownership to them through another suitable person, as with eruv of courtyards (see above Siman 366, section 10), and he must inform them. Whoever he informed before Shabbat — even if that person did not resolve in his mind to rely on it while it was still day but only after nightfall — it is a valid eruv. But if he did not inform him before Shabbat, he cannot rely on it after nightfall. Similarly, one who placed an eruv for all the Shabbatot of the year and said "whichever one I choose I will go and rely on it" — even if he did not resolve in his mind until the next day, he may rely on it. Similarly, one who heard that a scholar was coming and did not know from which direction, and placed two eruvs and said "whichever direction the scholar comes from, that eruv shall take effect for me" — the eruv in the direction the scholar came from takes effect. Or if he said "if he does not come at all I will be like the townspeople," or "if two scholars come I will go wherever I wish" — everything follows his condition. Similarly, if he said to two or three people "I hereby make an eruv for whichever of you I choose" — even if he did not specify whom he chose until nightfall, it is a valid eruv.