The Shulchan Aruch · Even HaEzer
אבן העזר ל״חEven HaEzer 38
Siman 38 of 178 in Even HaEzer — 39 se'ifim
הלכות קידושיןLaws of Kiddushin· siman 38
Se’if 1א׳
הַמְקַדֵּשׁ עַל תְּנַאי, אִם נִתְקַיֵּם הַתְּנַאי, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְאִם לָאו, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת, בֵּין שֶׁיִּהְיֶה הַתְּנַאי מִן הָאִישׁ בֵּין שֶׁיִּהְיֶה מִן הָאִשָּׁה:
One who betroths conditionally, if the condition is fulfilled, she is betrothed. And if not, she is not betrothed, whether the condition was from the man or from the woman.
Se’if 2ב׳
כָּל תְּנַאי צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת בּוֹ אַרְבַּע דְּבָרִים, וְאֵלּוּ הֵן: שֶׁיִּהְיֶה כָּפוּל, וְשֶׁיִּהְיֶה הֵן שֶׁלּוֹ קֹדֶם לְלָאו, וְשֶׁיִּהְיֶה הַתְּנַאי קֹדֶם לַמַּעֲשֶׂה, וְשֶׁיִּהְיֶה הַתְּנַאי דָּבָר שֶׁאֶפְשָׁר לְקַיְּמוֹ. וְאִם חָסֵר הַתְּנַאי אֶחָד מֵהֶם, הֲרֵי הַתְּנַאי בָּטֵל, כְאִלּוּ אֵין שָׁם תְּנַאי כְּלָל, אֶלָּא תִּהְיֶה מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת מִיָּד, כְּאִלּוּ לֹא הִתְנָה כְּלָל. הִזְכִּיר לָאו קֹדֶם לְהֵן וְחָזַר וְהִזְכִּיר הַלָּאו אַחַר הֵן, הָוֵי תְּנַאי כְּאִלּוּ הִזְכִּיר הֵן קֹדֶם לְלָאו (הָרַ"ן פֶּרֶק מִי שֶׁאֲחָזוֹ):
Any condition needs to include four components, as follows: It must be two-sided, its "yes" has to precede its "no," the condition must precede the action, and the condition has to be something that is possible to fulfill. And if the condition is missing any of them, the condition is thereby nullified, as if there was no condition there at all; instead, she becomes betrothed immediately, as if he had not specified a condition at all. If he mentioned the "no" before the "yes" and went back and mentioned the "no" after the "yes," it is a [valid] condition, as if he had mentioned the "yes" before the "no" (the Ra"n on Chapter "One who Grabbed").
Se’if 3ג׳
כָּל הָאוֹמֵר: "מֵעַכְשָׁו", אוֹ "עַל מְנָת", אֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לִכְפֹּל תְּנָאוֹ וְלֹא לְהַקְדִּים תְּנַאי לְמַעֲשֶׂה, אֲבָל צָרִיךְ לְהַתְנוֹת בְּדָבָר שֶׁאֶפְשָׁר לְקַיְּמוֹ. יֵשׁ חוֹלְקִים וְאוֹמְרִים דַּאֲפִלּוּ בְּאוֹמֵר: "מֵעַכְשָׁו", אוֹ "עַל מְנָת", צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת בַּתְּנַאי כָּל הָאַרְבָּעָה דְּבָרִים. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דַּאֲפִלּוּ לֹא פֵּרַשׁ כָּל דִּינֵי תְּנַאי, רַק אָמַר סְתָם שֶׁמַּתְנֶה כִּתְנַאי בְּנֵי גָּד וּבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן, הָוֵי תְּנַאי גָּמוּר (הַגָּהוֹת מַיְמוֹנִי פֶּרֶק ו'):
Anyone who says "from now" or "on condition" does not need to make his condition two-fold or to make the condition precede the action, but he needs to make the condition on something that is possible to fulfill. There are those who disagree and say that even one who says "from now" or "on condition" needs all four aspects in the condition. Rem"a: And there are those who say that even if he did not specify all of the rules of the condition, but just simply said that he is making a condition like the condition of the children of Gad and the children of Reuvein, it is a complete condition (Hagahot Maymoni, Chapter 6).
Shulchan Aruch, Even HaEzer — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain
English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0