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The Shulchan Aruch · Even HaEzer

אבן העזר קל״דEven HaEzer 134

Siman 134 of 178 in Even HaEzer — 10 se'ifim

הלכות גיטיןLaws of Gittin· siman 134

Se’if 1א׳

צָרִיךְ שֶׁיְּבַטֵּל כָּל מוֹדָעָה קֹדֶם שֶׁיִּתֵּן הַגֵּט. שֶׁאִם מָסַר מוֹדָעָא בִּפְנֵי שְׁנַיִם וְאָמַר: גֵּט שֶׁאֲנִי רוֹצֶה לִתֵּן לְאִשְׁתִּי דְּעוּ שֶׁאֲנִי אָנוּס לִתְּנוֹ וְלָכֵן אֲנִי אוֹמֵר בִּפְנֵיכֶם שֶׁיְּהֵא בָּטֵל, הֲרֵי הוּא בָּטֵל, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא לָקַח בְּקִנְיָן. הַגָּה: וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא מָסַר בִּפְנֵי שְׁנֵי עֵדִים בְּיַחַד, רַק בָּזֶה שֶׁלֹּא בִּפְנֵי זֶה, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ כְּשֵׁרִים (רִיבָ"שׁ סִימָן רל"ב). אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין מַכִּירִין אֶת אָנְסוֹ. וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם הָאֹנֶס שֶׁאָמַר הָיָה שֶׁקֶר. וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁנְּתָנוֹ אַחַר כָּךְ, לֹא אָמְרִינָן שֶׁבִּטֵּל הַמּוֹדָעָא שֶׁמָּסַר, עַד שֶׁיֹּאמַר בְּפֵרוּשׁ שֶׁמְּבַטֵּל הַמּוֹדָעָא וְאָז הִיא בְּטֵלָה, וְאֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ קִנְיָן:

One needs to nullify all of his possessions before he gives a get. Because if he gives over his belongings in front of two people and says: the get that I want to give to my wife, know that I am forced to give, and therefore, I am saying that in front of you, it should be nullified, so it's nullified, although he did not take from his belongings. The Rama Comments that even though he gave it over in front of two witnesses at different times, only this one and not that one, alone they are kosher (Rivash Siman 232). Even if you say there is not a source for the rape. And even if the rape reported was a lie. And even if you say that it is possible after this, we do not say that this testimony was nullified, until proof is given that this report is nullified. And there is no need for an acquisition.

Se’if 2ב׳

לָכֵן צָרִיךְ שֶׁיְּבַטֵּל קֹדֶם כְּתִיבַת הַגֵּט כָּל מוֹדָעָא שֶׁמָּסַר, וְיֹאמַר כֵּן: הֲרֵינִי מְבַטֵּל כָּל מוֹדָעָא שֶׁמָּסַרְתִּי עַל גֵּט זֶה. וְכֵן אֲנִי מְבַטֵּל כָּל דָּבָר שֶׁגּוֹרֵם כְּשֶׁיִּתְקַיְּמוּ אוֹתָן הַדְּבָרִים בִּטּוּל לְגֵט זֶה. וְכֵן אֲנִי מֵעִיד עַל עַצְמִי שֶׁלֹּא מָסַרְתִּי דָּבָר עַל הַגֵּט שֶׁיְּבֻטַּל הַגֵּט מֵחֲמָתוֹ, וַהֲרֵינִי פּוֹסֵל כָּל עֵד אוֹ עֵדִים שֶׁיָּעִידוּ שֶׁמָּסַרְתִּי אוֹ שֶׁאָמַרְתִּי שׁוּם דָּבָר שֶׁיְּבֻטַּל מֵחֲמָתוֹ גֵּט זֶה אוֹ שֶׁיּוּרַע כֹּחוֹ שֶׁל גֵּט זֶה מֵחֲמַת אוֹתָהּ מוֹדָעָא אוֹ אוֹתוֹ דִּבּוּר. הַגָּה: וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דְּסָגֵי אִם אוֹמֵר שֶׁמְּבַטֵּל מוֹדָעָא וּמוֹדָעָא דְּמוֹדָעָא עַד סוֹף כָּל מוֹדָעֵי (טוּר בְּשֵׁם הָרֹא"שׁ), וְכֵן נוֹהֲגִין, אַךְ טוֹב לְכַתְּחִלָּה לָחוּשׁ וְלוֹמַר כַּסְּבָרָא הָרִאשׁוֹנָה:

Therefore, he needs to nullify before the writing of the bill of divorce any protest(of annulment) that he has made, and he should say as such: behold I am nullifying any protest I informed on this bill of divorce. And so too I am nullifying any thing that will cause, when they are established, the nullification of the establishment of this bill of divorce. And so too I am testifying on myself that I did not inform any matter that will cause this bill of divorce to be nullified, and behold I am invalidating any witness or witnesses that will testify that I informed or said anything that will cause the bill of divorce to be nullified or that will weaken the power of the bill because of this protest or speech. Rem''a: And there are those that say it is enough if he says he is canceling any protest or protest of a protest until the end of all possible protests. And so too we practice, but it is better a priori to be cautious and to hold like the first position.

Se’if 3ג׳

נָהֲגוּ לְהַצְרִיךְ בִּטּוּל מוֹדָעָא אַף לַמְגָרֵשׁ מֵרְצוֹנוֹ. הַגָּה: וּמִיהוּ, אִם שָׁכַח מִלְּבַטֵּל, כָּשֵׁר (מ"כ בְּשֵׁם הָרֹא"שׁ), מֵאַחַר שֶׁמְּגָרֵשׁ מֵרְצוֹנוֹ (מ"כ בְּשֵׁם מהר"ל). וְנָהֲגוּ עוֹד לְבַטֵּל מוֹדָעָא קֹדֶם שֶׁיְּצַוֶּה לִכְתֹּב קֹדֶם הַנְּתִינָה (בְּמָרְדְּכַי). וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ אוֹמְרִים שֶׁאִם בִּטֵּל הַגֵּט בֵּין כְּתִיבָה לִנְתִינָה לֹא הָיָה מוֹעִיל אַחַר כָּךְ בִּטּוּל מוֹדָעָא לְגָרֵשׁ בְּאוֹתוֹ גֵּט, וְלָכֵן אֵין מַנִּיחִין אוֹתוֹ לֵילֵךְ עַד שֶׁיִּתֵּן הַגֵּט, אֲפִלּוּ הָכִי מַחֲמִירִין גַּם כֵּן לְבַטֵּל מוֹדָעָא בִּשְׁעַת נְתִינָה (עַיֵּן בְּב"י):

They practiced to require a nullification of a protest that even the divorcer made on his own accord. Rem''a: However, if he forgets to nullifying, it is Kosher, since he divorced on his own accord. They practiced also to nullify a protest before he commands to write, before the giving. Despite the fact that there are those that say that even if he cancels the bill of divorce between the writing and the giving, it is not effective after nullification of the protest to divorce with that same bill. Therefore, we do not suggest to him to leave until he gives the bill of divorce. Even in this case, there are those who are stringent to nullify the protest even in the time of giving.

…and 5 more se'ifim in this siman.

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Shulchan Aruch, Even HaEzer — Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0