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The Rambam · Sefer Kinyan

הלכות מכירה א׳Sales 1

Chapter 1 of 30 in Sales — 20 halachot

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Halacha 1א׳

הַמִּקָח אֵינוֹ נִקְנֶה בִּדְבָרִים. וַאֲפִלּוּ הֵעִידוּ עֲלֵיהֶם עֵדִים. כֵּיצַד. בַּיִת זֶה אֲנִי מוֹכֵר לְךָ. יַיִן זֶה אֲנִי מוֹכֵר לְךָ. עֶבֶד זֶה אֲנִי מוֹכֵר לְךָ. וּפָסְקוּ הַדָּמִים וְרָצָה הַלּוֹקֵחַ וְאָמַר קָנִיתִי. וְרָצָה הַמּוֹכֵר וְאָמַר מָכַרְתִּי. וְאָמְרוּ לָעֵדִים הֱווּ עָלֵינוּ עֵדִים שֶׁמָּכַר זֶה וְשֶׁלָּקַח זֶה. הֲרֵי זֶה אֵינוֹ כְּלוּם וּכְאִלּוּ לֹא הָיוּ בֵּינֵיהֶם דְּבָרִים מֵעוֹלָם. וְכֵן בְּנוֹתֵן מַתָּנָה וּמְקַבְּלָהּ:

A purchase is not sold by what one says, even when witnesses testify on such. How [does this work]? [If a seller says to an buyer for example] "This house I sell to you", "This wine I sell to you", "This slave I sell to you", then they decide a price. The buys wants [such a deal] and says, "I purchased it", and the seller wants [such a deal] and says, "I sold it". They say to witnesses, "Be witnesses for us so that [you can testify] that one sold and one bought". Indeed however, this [their testimony] is worthless, and it is as if they never talked. This is true for the giving and receiving of gifts.

Halacha 2ב׳

אֲבָל אִם נִקְנָה הַמִּקָּח בְּאֶחָד מֵהַדְּבָרִים שֶׁהוּא נִקְנֶה בָּהֶם קָנָה הַלּוֹקֵחַ וְאֵינָן צְרִיכִין לְעֵדִים כְּלָל וְאֵין אֶחָד מֵהֶן יָכוֹל לַחְזֹר בּוֹ:

But if a purchase is sold by one of the ways in which it can be sold [properly], the buyer acquires it and there is no need for witnesses at all. Neither one of them [the seller and the buyer] can renege on such.

Halacha 3ג׳

וּבְמָה יִקָּנֶה הַמִּקָּח. הַקַּרְקָעוֹת בְּאֶחָד מִשְּׁלֹשָׁה דְּבָרִים. בְּכֶסֶף. אוֹ בִּשְׁטָר. אוֹ בַּחֲזָקָה:

And by what is the purchase acquired? Landed property by one of three things: by money, or by deed, or by chazakah, an act of taking possession.

…and 15 more halachot in this chapter.

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Mishneh Torah, Torat Emet 363 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0

English: rendered from the Hebrew for this app — our own, not a borrowed translation