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The Rambam · Sefer Zemanim

הלכות שביתת עשור ב׳Rest on the Tenth of Tishrei 2

Chapter 2 of 3 in Rest on the Tenth of Tishrei — 11 halachot

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Halacha 1א׳

הָאוֹכֵל בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים מַאֲכָלִין הָרְאוּיִין לֶאֱכל לָאָדָם כְּכוֹתֶבֶת הַגַּסָּה שֶׁהִיא פָּחוֹת מִכְּבֵיצָה כִּמְעַט הֲרֵי זֶה חַיָּב. וְכָל הָאֳכָלִים מִצְטָרְפִין לְשִׁעוּר זֶה. וְכֵן הַשּׁוֹתֶה מַשְׁקִין הָרְאוּיִין לִשְׁתִיַּת אָדָם כִּמְלוֹא לֻגְמָיו שֶׁל שׁוֹתֶה כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד לְפִי לֻגְמָיו חַיָּב. וְכַמָּה מְלוֹא לֻגְמָיו כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּסַלְּקֵם לְצַד אֶחָד וְיֵרָאֶה מָלֵא לֻגְמָיו. וְשִׁעוּר זֶה בְּאָדָם בֵּינוֹנִי פָּחוֹת מֵרְבִיעִית. וְכָל הַמַּשְׁקִין מִצְטָרְפִין לְשִׁעוּר זֶה. וְהָאֲכִילָה וּשְׁתִיָּה אֵין מִצְטָרְפִין לְשִׁעוּר אֶחָד:

One who eats on the Day of Atonement foods fitting for human consumption of the size of a thick date which is slightly smaller than an egg, is liable. All foods combine to this measure. Similarly, one who drinks beverages fitting for human drinking of the [full] volume of the cheek of the drinker--each drinker according to his cheek--is liable. How much is the [full] volume of his cheek? It is such that if he pushed [the liquid] to one side, it looks like his cheek is full. This measure in an average person is less than a revi'it [specific unit of volume]. All beverages combine to this measure, but eating and drinking do not combine to one measure.

Halacha 2ב׳

אֶחָד הָאוֹכֵל אֳכָלִים הַמֻּתָּרִים אוֹ שֶׁאָכַל דְּבָרִים הָאֲסוּרִין כְּגוֹן פִּגּוּל וְנוֹתַר וְטֶבֶל וּנְבֵלוֹת וּטְרֵפוֹת וְחֵלֶב אוֹ דָּם הוֹאִיל וְאָכַל אֳכָלִים הָרְאוּיִין לָאָדָם הֲרֵי זֶה חַיָּב כָּרֵת מִשּׁוּם אוֹכֵל בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים:

Whether one eats permitted foods or forbidden foods, such as sacrificial meat that was slaughtered with the intent to eat it after the designated timeframe, sacrificial meat that was [actually] left over past the time frame, untithed food, meat from an unslaughtered [or improperly slaughtered] animal, meat from an animal with a mortal defect, forbidden fat, or blood, seeing as he ate foods fitting for human consumption, he is liable to excision for eating on the Day of Atonement.

Halacha 3ג׳

אָכַל אוֹ שָׁתָה פָּחוֹת מִשִּׁעוּר זֶה אֵינוֹ חַיָּב כָּרֵת. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא אָסוּר מִן הַתּוֹרָה בַּחֲצִי שִׁעוּר אֵין חַיָּבִין כָּרֵת אֶלָּא עַל כַּשִּׁעוּר. וְהָאוֹכֵל אוֹ הַשּׁוֹתֶה חֲצִי שִׁעוּר מַכִּין אוֹתוֹ מַכַּת מַרְדּוּת:

If one ate or drank less than this measure, he is not liable to excision [because] although [consuming] a partial measure is Biblically forbidden, people are not liable to excision except for a [full] measure. And one who eats or drinks a partial measure receives rabbinic lashes.

…and 6 more halachot in this chapter.

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Mishneh Torah, Torat Emet 363 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0