הלכות מחוסרי כפרה א׳Offerings for Those with Incomplete Atonement 1

Halacha 1א׳

אַרְבָעָה הֵן הַנִּקְרָאִין מְחֻסְּרֵי כַּפָּרָה. הַזָּבָה. וְהַיּוֹלֶדֶת. וְהַזָּב. וְהַמְצֹרָע. וְלָמָּה נִקְרָאוּ מְחֻסְּרֵי כַּפָּרָה שֶׁכָּל אֶחָד מֵהֶן אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁטָּהַר מִטֻּמְאָתוֹ וְטָבַל וְהֶעֱרִיב שִׁמְשׁוֹ עֲדַיִן הוּא חָסֵר וְלֹא גָּמְרָה טָהֳרָתוֹ כְּדֵי לֶאֱכל בְּקָדָשִׁים עַד שֶׁיָּבִיא קָרְבָּנוֹ. וְקֹדֶם שֶׁיָּבִיא כַּפָּרָתוֹ אָסוּר הוּא לֶאֱכל בְּקָדָשִׁים כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ בִּפְסוּלֵי הַמֻּקְדָּשִׁין:

Four are called those with incomplete atonement: the woman with a flux, the woman after childbirth, the man with a flux, and the leper. And why are they called those with incomplete atonement? Because each of them, although he has become pure of his impurity and has immersed and the sun has set upon him, is still lacking, and his purification is not complete for the eating of consecrated food until he brings his offering. And before he brings his atonement he is forbidden to eat consecrated food, as we have explained in the Laws of Sacrifices Rendered Unfit.

Halacha 2ב׳

גֵּר שֶׁמָּל וְטָבַל וַעֲדַיִן לֹא הֵבִיא קָרְבָּנוֹ. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא אָסוּר לֶאֱכל בְּקָדָשִׁים עַד שֶׁיָּבִיא קָרְבָּנוֹ אֵינוֹ מִמְּחֻסְּרֵי כַּפָּרָה. שֶׁקָּרְבָּנוֹ עִכְּבוֹ לִהְיוֹת גֵּר גָּמוּר וְלִהְיוֹת כְּכָל כְּשֵׁרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמִפְּנֵי זֶה אֵינוֹ אוֹכֵל בְּקָדָשִׁים שֶׁעֲדַיִן לֹא נַעֲשָׂה כִּכְשֵׁרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל. וְכֵיוָן שֶׁיָּבִיא קָרְבָּנוֹ וְיֵעָשֶׂה יִשְׂרָאֵל כָּשֵׁר אוֹכֵל בְּקָדָשִׁים. הֵבִיא פְּרֵדָה אַחַת בְּשַׁחֲרִית אוֹכֵל בְּקָדָשִׁים לָעֶרֶב וְיָבִיא פְּרֵדָה שְׁנִיָּה. שֶׁקָּרְבָּנוֹ שֶׁל גֵּר עוֹלַת בְּהֵמָה אוֹ שְׁנֵי בְּנֵי יוֹנָה אוֹ שְׁתֵּי תּוֹרִים וּשְׁנֵיהֶן עוֹלָה. כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ בְּמַעֲשֵׂה הַקָּרְבָּנוֹת:

A convert who was circumcised and immersed and has not yet brought his offering — although he is forbidden to eat consecrated food until he brings his offering, he is not among those with incomplete atonement; for his offering holds him back from being a full convert and from being like all fit Israelites, and it is on this account that he does not eat consecrated food, since he has not yet become like fit Israelites. And once he brings his offering and becomes a fit Israelite, he eats consecrated food. If he brought one bird of the pair in the morning, he eats consecrated food in the evening and brings the second bird; for a convert's offering is an animal burnt-offering, or two young pigeons or two turtledoves, both of them burnt-offerings, as we have explained in the Laws of Sacrificial Procedure.

Halacha 3ג׳

הַזָּב וְהַזָּבָה קָרְבָּן כָּל אַחַת מֵהֶן שְׁתֵּי תּוֹרִים אוֹ שְׁנֵי בְּנֵי יוֹנָה אֶחָד עוֹלָה וְאֶחָד חַטָּאת. וְהַיּוֹלֶדֶת קָרְבָּנָהּ כֶּבֶשׂ עוֹלָה וּבֶן יוֹנָה אוֹ תּוֹר חַטָּאת. וְאִם אֵין יָדָהּ מַשֶּׂגֶת מְבִיאָה שְׁתֵּי תּוֹרִים אוֹ שְׁנֵי בְּנֵי יוֹנָה אֶחָד עוֹלָה וְאֶחָד חַטָּאת. וְהַמְצֹרָע קָרְבָּנוֹ שְׁלֹשָׁה כְּבָשִׂים אֶחָד עוֹלָה וְאֶחָד אָשָׁם. וְכִשְׂבָּה לְחַטָּאת. וְאִם אֵין יָדוֹ מַשֶּׂגֶת מֵבִיא קֵן אֶחָד עוֹלָה וְאֶחָד חַטָּאת וְכֶבֶשׂ לְאָשָׁם:

The man with a flux and the woman with a flux — the offering of each of them is two turtledoves or two young pigeons, one a burnt-offering and one a sin-offering. And the woman after childbirth — her offering is a lamb as a burnt-offering and a young pigeon or a turtledove as a sin-offering; and if her means do not suffice, she brings two turtledoves or two young pigeons, one a burnt-offering and one a sin-offering. And the leper — his offering is three lambs, one a burnt-offering and one a guilt-offering, and a ewe-lamb as a sin-offering; and if his means do not suffice, he brings one pair of birds, one a burnt-offering and one a sin-offering, and a lamb as a guilt-offering.