הלכות טומאת צרעת ט״זDefilement by Leprosy 16

Halacha 1א׳

בַּיִת הַמְנֻגָּע אָב מֵאֲבוֹת הַטֻּמְאוֹת כָּל הַנּוֹגֵעַ בּוֹ נִטְמָא. וְכֵן אֲבָנִים שֶׁחוֹלְצִין מִמֶּנּוּ אַחַר הֶסְגֵּר אוֹ אֲבָנִים וְעֵצִים וְעָפָר שֶׁל בַּיִת כְּשֶׁנּוֹתְצִין אוֹתוֹ כֻּלָּן אֲבוֹת טֻמְאוֹת. וְכָל כְּזַיִת מֵהֶם מְטַמֵּא אָדָם וְכֵלִים בְּמַגָּע וּבְמַשָּׂא וּבְבִיאָה. כֵּיצַד. אִם נִכְנַס כְּזַיִת מֵהֶן לְבַיִת טָהוֹר נִטְמָא כָּל אֲשֶׁר בַּבַּיִת מֵאָדָם וְכֵלִים שֶׁכֻּלָּן מְטַמְּאִין בְּבִיאָה כְּאָדָם מְצֹרָע וְכֻלָּן אֲסוּרִין בַּהֲנָאָה. וְאִם שְׂרָפָן וְעָשָׂה מֵהֶן סִיד הֲרֵי זֶה אָסוּר בַּהֲנָאָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יד מד) "צָרַעַת מַמְאֶרֶת" תֵּן בּוֹ מְאֵרָה וְאַל תֵּהָנֶה בּוֹ. וְכֻלָּן מְשַׁלְּחִין אוֹתָן חוּץ לָעִיר אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָהּ מֻקֶּפֶת חוֹמָה:

A leprous house is a primary source of impurity: everyone who touches it becomes impure. And so too the stones that they draw out of it after the shutting up, or the stones and the timbers and the earth of the house when they pull it down — all of them are primary sources of impurity, and every olive's bulk of them conveys impurity to a person and to vessels by contact, by carrying and by entry. How so? If an olive's bulk of them entered a pure house, all that is in the house has become impure, both persons and vessels, for they all convey impurity by entry, as a leprous person does. And all of them are forbidden in benefit; and if he burned them and made lime from them, it is forbidden in benefit, as it is said (Leviticus 14:44), "it is a fretting leprosy" — put a curse upon it and do not have benefit from it. And they send them all outside the city, even though it is not surrounded by a wall.

Halacha 2ב׳

בַּיִת מֻסְגָּר אֵינוֹ מְטַמֵּא אֶלָּא מִתּוֹכוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יד מו) "וְהַבָּא אֶל הַבַּיִת כָּל יְמֵי הִסְגִּיר אֹתוֹ יִטְמָא עַד הָעָרֶב". אֲבָל הַמֻּחְלָט מְטַמֵּא מִתּוֹכוֹ וּמֵאֲחוֹרָיו שֶׁהַנּוֹגֵעַ בּוֹ מֵאֲחוֹרָיו טָמֵא שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יד מד) "צָרַעַת מַמְאֶרֶת" (ויקרא יד מד) "בַּבַּיִת טָמֵא הוּא" וְכִי טָהוֹר הָיָה אֶלָּא לְהוֹסִיף לוֹ טֻמְאָה עַל טֻמְאָתוֹ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה כֻּלּוֹ טָמֵא וִיטַמֵּא מֵאֲחוֹרָיו. וְכֵן אֲבָנִים שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהֶן הַנֶּגַע בְּמֻסְגָּר מְטַמְּאִין מֵאֲחוֹרֵיהֶן:

A house that is shut up conveys impurity only from within it, as it is said (Leviticus 14:46), "And he who comes into the house all the days that it is shut up shall be impure until the evening." But one that is declared certain conveys impurity from within it and from behind it, so that one who touches it from behind is impure, as it is said (Leviticus 14:44), "it is a fretting leprosy in the house, it is impure" — and was it pure? Rather, to add impurity upon its impurity, that the whole of it should be impure and should convey impurity from behind it. And so too stones in which the plague is, in a house that is shut up, convey impurity from behind them.

Halacha 3ג׳

אֶחָד הַמֻּסְגָּר וְהַמֻּחְלָט מְטַמֵּא בְּבִיאָה. כֵּיצַד. בַּיִת שֶׁהָיָה מֵסֵךְ עַל גַּבֵּי בַּיִת מְנֻגָּע בֵּין מֻחְלָט בֵּין מֻסְגָּר אוֹ אִילָן שֶׁהוּא מֵסֵךְ עָלָיו הָעוֹמֵד תַּחַת הָאִילָן אוֹ הַנִּכְנָס לַבַּיִת הַחִיצוֹן טָמֵא. שֶׁהֲרֵי הוּא וְהַבַּיִת הַטָּמֵא תַּחַת אֹהֶל אֶחָד. וְכֵן אֶבֶן מְנֻגַּעַת הַנִּכְנֶסֶת לְאֹהֶל וְהֻנְחָה שָׁם נִטְמָא כָּל אֲשֶׁר בָּאֹהֶל. הָיְתָה מֻנַּחַת תַּחַת הָאִילָן וְהַטָּהוֹר עוֹבֵר נִטְמָא. הָיָה הַטָּהוֹר עוֹמֵד תַּחַת הָאִילָן וְעָבַר אָדָם בְּאֶבֶן מְנֻגַּעַת לֹא טִמְּאָהוּ. וְאִם הִנִּיחָהּ שָׁם טִמְּאָהוּ שֶׁמּוֹשָׁב הַמְנֻגָּע כָּמוֹהוּ בֵּין אָדָם בֵּין כֵּלִים בֵּין אֲבָנִים וְעֵצָיו וַעֲפָרוֹ:

Both the shut up and the certain convey impurity by entry. How so? A house that was overhanging a leprous house, whether certain or shut up, or a tree that overhangs it — one who stands under the tree, or who enters the outer house, is impure, for he and the impure house are under one tent. And so too a leprous stone that is brought into a tent and set down there — everything in the tent has become impure. If it was lying under the tree and a pure person passes, he has become impure. If the pure person was standing under the tree and a man passed by with a leprous stone, he has not made him impure; but if he set it down there, he has made him impure — for the resting place of the leprous thing is like it, whether persons or vessels, or its stones and its timbers and its earth.