ידים ב׳Yadayim 2

Mishnah 3ג׳

הַיָּדַיִם מִטַּמְּאוֹת וּמִטַּהֲרוֹת עַד הַפֶּרֶק. כֵּיצַד. נָטַל אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹנִים עַד הַפֶּרֶק, וְאֶת הַשְּׁנִיִּים חוּץ לַפֶּרֶק, וְחָזְרוּ לַיָּד, טְהוֹרָה. נָטַל אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹנִים וְאֶת הַשְּׁנִיִּים חוּץ לַפֶּרֶק וְחָזְרוּ לַיָּד, טְמֵאָה. נָטַל אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹנִים לְיָדוֹ אַחַת וְנִמְלַךְ וְנָטַל אֶת הַשְּׁנִיִּים לִשְׁתֵּי יָדָיו, טְמֵאוֹת. נָטַל אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹנִים לִשְׁתֵּי יָדָיו וְנִמְלַךְ וְנָטַל אֶת הַשְּׁנִיִּים לְיָדוֹ אַחַת, יָדוֹ טְהוֹרָה. נָטַל לְיָדוֹ אַחַת וְשִׁפְשְׁפָהּ בַּחֲבֶרְתָּהּ, טְמֵאָה. בְּרֹאשׁוֹ אוֹ בַכֹּתֶל, טְהוֹרָה. נוֹטְלִין אַרְבָּעָה וַחֲמִשָּׁה זֶה בְצַד זֶה אוֹ זֶה עַל גַּבֵּי זֶה, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיְּרַפּוּ שֶׁיָּבֹאוּ בָהֶם הַמָּיִם:

The hands may be rendered impure or pure up to the wrist. How so? If one poured the first [pouring] up to the wrist, and the second [pouring] beyond the wrist, and they [i.e. some of the waters flowed down and] ran back onto the hand, it is pure. If one poured the first and the second [pourings of water] beyond the wrist, and they ran back onto the hand, it is impure. If one poured the first over one hand, and then changed his mind and poured the second over both hands, they are impure. If one poured the first over both hands, and then changed his mind and poured the second over one hand, his hand is pure. If one poured over one hand, and then rubbed it against its fellow [hand], it is impure. If [one rubbed it] against one's head, or against a wall, it is pure. Four or five [people] may pour [water over their hands to wash them] alongside one another or [when their hands are] above one another, provided they be loose, so the waters can enter into them.

Mishnah 4ד׳

סָפֵק נַעֲשָׂה בָהֶם מְלָאכָה סָפֵק לֹא נַעֲשָׂה בָהֶם מְלָאכָה, סָפֵק יֵשׁ בָּהֶם כַּשִּׁעוּר סָפֵק שֶׁאֵין בָּהֶם כַּשִּׁעוּר, סָפֵק טְמֵאִים סָפֵק טְהוֹרִין, סְפֵקָן טָהוֹר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאָמְרוּ, סְפֵק הַיָּדַיִם לִטָּמֵא וּלְטַמֵּא וְלִטָּהֵר, טָהוֹר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, לִטָּהֵר, טָמֵא. כֵּיצַד. הָיוּ יָדָיו טְהוֹרוֹת וּלְפָנָיו שְׁנֵי כִכָּרִים טְמֵאִים, סָפֵק נָגַע סָפֵק לֹא נָגַע, הָיוּ יָדָיו טְמֵאוֹת וּלְפָנָיו שְׁנֵי כִכָּרִים טְהוֹרִים, סָפֵק נָגַע סָפֵק לֹא נָגַע. הָיוּ יָדָיו אַחַת טְמֵאָה וְאַחַת טְהוֹרָה וּלְפָנָיו שְׁנֵי כִכָּרִים טְהוֹרִים, נָגַע בְּאַחַד מֵהֶם, סָפֵק בַּטְּמֵאָה נָגַע סָפֵק בַּטְּהוֹרָה נָגַע. הָיוּ יָדָיו טְהוֹרוֹת וּלְפָנָיו שְׁנֵי כִכָּרִים, אֶחָד טָמֵא וְאֶחָד טָהוֹר, נָגַע בְּאַחַד מֵהֶן, סָפֵק בַּטָּמֵא נָגַע סָפֵק בַּטָּהוֹר נָגַע. הָיוּ יָדָיו אַחַת טְמֵאָה וְאַחַת טְהוֹרָה וּלְפָנָיו שְׁנֵי כִכָּרִים אֶחָד טָמֵא וְאֶחָד טָהוֹר, נָגַע בִּשְׁתֵּיהֶן, סָפֵק טְמֵאָה בַטָּמֵא וּטְהוֹרָה בַטָּהוֹר, אוֹ טְהוֹרָה בַטָּמֵא וּטְמֵאָה בַטָּהוֹר, הַיָּדַיִם כְּמוֹ שֶׁהָיוּ וְהַכִּכָּרִים כְּמוֹת שֶׁהָיוּ:

If there is an uncertainty as to whether they [i.e. the waters which one used to wash one's hands] have been used for any occupation or have not been used for any occupation, or an uncertainty as to whether they contained the required measure [for washing] or did not contain the required measure, or an uncertainty as to whether they were impure or pure [waters], their uncertainties [in all these cases] are pure, since they [i.e. the Sages] said: The uncertainty of hands regarding whether they can be rendered impure, or render impurity, or be rendered pure, is pure [i.e. in all those circumstances of uncertainty they are assumed to be pure]. Rabbi Yose says: regarding [the uncertainty as to] whether they can be rendered pure, they are impure. How so? If one's hands were pure, and before him are two impure loaves, and there is an uncertainty as to whether he touched or did not touch [the impure loaf]; or if one's hands were impure, and before him are two pure loaves, and there is an uncertainty as to whether he touched or did not touch [either of the loaves]; or if one of one's hands was impure and the other pure, and before him are two pure loaves, and he touched one of them, and there is an uncertainty as to whether he touched with the impure [hand] or with the pure one; or if one's hands were pure, and before him are two loaves, one impure and one pure, and he touched one of them, and there is an uncertainty as to whether he touched the impure one or the pure one; or if one of one's hands was impure and one pure, and before him are two loaves, one impure and one pure, and he touched both of them, and there is an uncertainty as to whether [he touched] the impure [loaf] with the impure [hand] and the pure [loaf] with the pure [hand], or the pure [loaf] with the impure [hand] and the impure [loaf] with the pure [hand]. The hands [in all of these cases of uncertainty] are as they were [i.e. with regard to their purity status, remaining either pure or impure], and the loaves [as well] are as they were.